ArupRS
Here I found some explanation why possessive pronoun/noun is required before gerund -
I still have 2 doubts :
1. Without his help -- Is this incorrect?
2. without him helping us - why this is incorrect?
Regards,
Arup
Hello
I am happy to help
1) Without his help - This is correct and grammatical
For the second pointer, let me list all the types of pronouns
a) Subjective pronoun - I, You, We, He, She It, They
b) Objective pronoun - Me, You, Us, Him, Her, It, Us, Them
c) Possessive pronoun - Mine, Ours, Yours, His, Hers, Its, Theirs
There are many more types of pronouns but we do not require that knowledge here
As a rule of grammar, possessive form of pronoun is also used before a Gerund (+ing form)
In the question above, we have the gerund (helping)
Option B correctly places a possessive pronoun 'his' before 'helping'. Hence, this option is correct
Option D uses objective pronoun (him) before 'helping' and is therefore the incorrect option
Hope this helps
P.S - It did sound awkward to me as well when i first learned this rule as we usually use objective pronoun in spoken english
Cheers !!