GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 2): That the exploration and subsequent

Question

That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior
requires extensive experience and caution
has been proven
both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers
and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.

Bunuel · Accepted Answer

Manhattan Prep Official Explanation:

First Glance:  Differences in the answer choices provide clues about what a problem might be testing. Before reading the sentence, glance at the beginning of the underline and down the beginning (just the beginning!) of the five answer choices to look for one early clue as to what this sentence is testing.

In this problem, the beginnings of each choice have substantial structural differences: Choices (A) and (B) start with a “That” clause, choice C starts with the word “proven,” and choices (D) and (E) start with “The” followed by some type of noun. It’s always a good idea to pay attention to the core sentence as you read, but the fact that the entire sentence is underlined really emphasizes the importance of this step. Keep an eye out for Sentence Structure, Modifiers, Parallelism, or Comparison issues.

Issues:

(1) Subject-Verb Agreement
Since the entire sentence is underlined, start by examining the core sentence (i.e., the core subject and verb): 
   That … has been proven …  
The word  that  is the subject. The effective sentence structure is (The fact)  that  (a certain thing is true)  has been proven by  (something else). The (a certain thing is true) modifier also contains its own subject-verb pairing: 
   the exploration and subsequent mapping … requires extensive experience and
caution  
The subject of the modifier,  exploration and mapping , is plural, while the verb ( requires ) is singular. Choices (C) and (D) contain this same error, though it has moved later in the sentence. Eliminate choices (A), (C), and (D).

Choice (E) changes the core sentence to  The process … require extensive experience . Now, the singular subject  process  is paired with the plural verb  require . Eliminate choice (E).

(2) Parallelism
The original sentence contains a correct parallelism marker,  both X and Y , although the two elements of the marker are separated by a considerable amount of text, making this issue more difficult to spot. Here are the parallelism markers in each choice:
(A)  both X and Y  (correct)
(B)  as much X as Y  (correct)
(C)  as much X as well as Y  (incorrect)
(D)  not only X but also Y  (correct)
(E)  both X as much as Y  (incorrect)

Eliminate choices (C) and (E).

(3) Modifiers
Choice (C) begins with an opening modifier,  proven just as much by the near-death experiences . An opening modifier must describe the main noun or main subject after the comma, but it is illogical to say that  the exploration and subsequent mapping  were themselves in some way proven  … by the near-death experiences . Near-death experiences would not prove exploration or mapping. Instead, the near-death experiences prove the need for experience and caution.

The Correct Answer:  
Choice (B) fixes the subject-verb mismatch ( the exploration and subsequent mapping … require ) and uses a correct parallelism marker,  as much X as Y .

acf840 · Answer

The question looks tough, but I think it can be solved by elimination method a bit easily.

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  requires  extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers. - requires is incorrect, need require

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers. - choice without any obvious error

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution. - same as A

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. - same as A

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven  both  by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as much as  by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. - both...and is the correct idiom

Although sounds awkward, correct choice is B.

Sushil117 · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
SVA errror ." exploration and subsequent mapping" "requires" should be require

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
let's hold on to it

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.
same sva error as A

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
SVA error as A

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
Both x..and y
missing "and"
so left with B
IMO B is the answer

Vatsal7794 · Answer

That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior
requires extensive experience and caution
has been proven
both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers
and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
Subject and verb error (It should be require)

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
Correct

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.
Same as A

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
SAme as A

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
Same as A

debjit1990 · Answer

Ans:
(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers....the exploration and subsequent mapping joined by and so plural..need 'require'

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers....correct

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution....wrong usage as mush as well as

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them...sv agreement issue

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them....sv agreement issue

mainbhiankit · Answer

(A) The subject "exploration and subsequent mapping" needs a plural verb, whereas in (A), the verb used is 'requires' which is incorrect.
(C) C has the same error as A. Furthermore, there's an idiomatic error: "Just as much, as well as"
(D) Same error as A.
(E) Here the subject is 'the process' which is singular, so the verb should be 'requires'. Hence, E is incorrect as well

The correct answer is option B

sanjitscorps18 · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
--> Exploration and subsequent mapping need a plural verb. 'requires is for singular nouns'. Incorrect

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
 --> Correct answer. Just as much by....as by... is correctly used

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.
--> Exploration and subsequent mapping need a plural verb. 'requires is for singular nouns'. Incorrect

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
--> Exploration and subsequent mapping need a plural verb. 'requires is for singular nouns'. Incorrect

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
--> 'both' would need 'and' here while the statement has 'as much as'.

IMHO Option B

sunitapandey · Answer

IMO B

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.--- We we have a compound subject here-- Exploration and subsequent mapping so we can't use singular 'requires'. We need a present perfect( has been proven) to show that the observation still holds good.

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.-- rectifies the error from A, by using plural require.Also correct idiom As much by X as by Y.- Correct

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.- Errors:
1.singular requires
2. As much by X as well as Y- incorrect idiom

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.-- Byzantine word is missing not a grammar error though.Singular requires

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. - correct idiom is Both X and Y

LeopardLiu · Answer

Answer is B

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.  requires is wrong

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.  The winner

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.  Same mistake A has. requires is wrong

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.  again requires. Wrong

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.  The process requires not require. Wrong

sanjayparihar16 · Answer

That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior
requires extensive experience and caution
has been proven
both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers
and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

(A) That  the exploration and subsequent mapping  of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  requires  extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers. —-> Subject “the exploration and subsequent mapping” does not agree with singular verb “requires”

(B) That  the exploration and subsequent  mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  require  extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers. —-> This option corrects the SV agreement error and hence the correct answer choice.

(C) Proven just  as much  by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as well as  by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution. —-> as much…as well as… incorrect construction

(D)  The exploration and subsequent mapping  of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. —-> “requires” is singular and cannot agree with plural “The exploration and subsequent mapping”

(E)  The process  of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior  require  extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. —-> “The process” is singular and “require” is plural, SV disagreement.

Archit3110 · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers  .
 subject :That the exploration and subsequent mapping requires plural verb require ; incorrect

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.  ; co relative conjunction error Just as.... So is missing

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution. 
subject :That the exploration and subsequent mapping requires plural verb require ; incorrect

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. 
we have modifier issue

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. 
correct option 
S-V agreement  The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave  system’s interior  require ...
later we have co relative conjunction  both by the near-death experience s of amateur cave divers  as much as by the ....

OPTION E is correct

sauravhippargi · Answer

That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior
requires extensive experience and caution
has been proven
both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers
and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

Subject-Verb Agreement error in 4 options:

(A) That  the exploration and subsequent mapping  of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  requires  extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
 --Wrong

(B) That  the exploration and subsequent mapping  of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  require  extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
 --Correct

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers,  the exploration and subsequent mapping  of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires extensive experience and caution.
 --Wrong

(D)  The exploration and subsequent mapping  of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
 --Wrong

(E)  The process  of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior  require  extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
 --Wrong

NextGenNerd · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers. - Wrong

should be "require", not "requires" - SV issue

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers. - Correct

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.- Wrong 
just as much ..... as (not as well as) idiom issue

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. - Wrong
should be "require", not "requires" - SV issue

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. - Wrong
idiom - both by the ..... and by the (not as much by the)

Kinshook · Answer

That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior 
requires extensive experience and caution 
has been proven 
both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers 
and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  requires  extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior is plural. Therefore, the use of singular  requires  is incorrect.

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior 
 require  extensive experience and caution
 has been proven 
just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers 
as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
Correct

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as well as  by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution.
Use of  as well as  and  requires  is incorrect

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior is plural. Therefore, the use of singular  requires  is incorrect.

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as much as  by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
both by X as much as by Y is NOT a correct idiom.
Incorrect

IMO B

Neha2404 · Answer

IMO-B

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  requires  extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.:- the exploration and subsequent mapping is plural and singular form is used

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.:- Correct

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.:-just as ...as well as incorrect

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.the exploration and subsequent mapping is plural and singular form is used

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven  both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by th e massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.both by...as much as by is incorrect comparison

gmatophobia · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

Though a bit wordy, this option seems fine.

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  require  extensive experience and caution has been proven  just as much  by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

The phrase requires singular verb
just as much is incorrect

(C) Proven  just as much  by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.

The use of just as much is incorrect

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution,  as   has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.

I feel this option changes the meaning a bit. Also, the use of as is incorrect.

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior  require   extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.

The process ... requires. Incorrect SV

IMO A

Fido10 · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior requires extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers. 
the pronoun " exploration and subsequent mapping" needs plural verb "require" not requires, Wrong answer

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

This is the correct answer 
 (C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as well as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution. 
the pronoun " exploration and subsequent mapping" needs plural verb "require" not requires, Wrong answer

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. 
the pronoun " exploration and subsequent mapping" needs plural verb "require" not requires, Wrong answer

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior require extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them. 
The pronoun"them" has no clear antecedant. Wrong answer

ThatDudeKnows · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  requires  extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.  The exploration and mapping...require...

(B) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior require extensive experience and caution has been proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.

(C) Proven just as much by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as well  as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.  as much by___ as by ___

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.  The exploration and mapping...require...

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior  require  extensive experience and caution, proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers as much as by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.  The process...requires...

Answer choice B.

S1905 · Answer

(A) That the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  requires  extensive experience and caution has been proven both by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers and by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
- exploration and subsequent mapping are two entities needing a plural verb: require
- Parallelism is correct here

(B)  That  the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s Byzantine interior  require  extensive experience and caution  has been proven  just  as much by the  near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as by the  massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers.
-Correct verb : require
-Correct parallelism and idiomatic usage: idiom 'as much as' calls for parallelism between 'the near-death experiences' and 'the massive costs'
- That...has been proven : no SVA error

(C) Proven just  as much  by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as well as  by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save those amateur cave divers, the exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior requires extensive experience and caution.
- Wrong idiomatic usage: as much as well as - should be 'as much as
- 'Byzantine' removed

(D) The exploration and subsequent mapping of the underwater cave system’s interior  requires  extensive experience and caution, as has been proven not only by the near-death experiences of amateur cave divers but also by the massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
- exploration and subsequent mapping are two entities needing a plural verb: require
- 'Byzantine' removed

(E) The process of exploring and mapping the underwater cave system’s interior  require  extensive experience and caution, proven  both   by the  near-death experiences of amateur cave divers  as much as   by the  massive costs of the rescue operations to save them.
- The process is singular - verb 'require' must take the singular form 'requires'
- Wrong idiomatic usage: 'both...as much as' is wrong - 'both...and' is the right usage
- 'Byzantine' removed

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GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 2): That the exploration and subsequent

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