Biologists studying a species of harvester ant observed that workers regularly transport small pebbles from the soil surface into the nest interior.
These ants subsist primarily on seeds, but their mandibles are too weak to crack the shells of the hardest seed varieties available in their habitat.
Hypothesis 1: Thus, the pebbles may function as a grinding tool, helping workers process seeds that their mandibles can not crack.
Hypothesis 2: Alternatively, the pebbles may serve to reinforce the walls of the nest's tunnels, which are prone to collapse in the loose sandy soil the colony inhabits.
In order to help decide between the two hypotheses for the pebbles' function, which of the following would it be most useful to know ?
A. The surface wear may be caused by transporting and placing the pebbles to reinforce the walls or by using them as a grinding tool.
Incorrect
B. Behaviour of other ant species may not be able to evaluate the argument about harvester ant species.
Incorrect
C. Brood-rearing chambers may not be necessarily the location where the ants crack the seeds. This information may be helpful but not decisive. Location of pebbles also does not clearly indicate their usage.
Incorrect
D. Nutritional values of different type of seeds don't help in ascertaining the usage of pebbles.
Incorrect
E. If yes, colonies of this species of ants that nest in stable soil also transport pebbles into the nest interior, then they may be using it to crack seeds. If no, they don't transport pebbles into nest interior, then they may be using it to strengthen the interior walls.
Correct
IMO E