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Updated on: 05 Jul 2021, 14:52
Originally posted by empty_spaces on 30 Jul 2007, 21:37.
Last edited by Bunuel on 05 Jul 2021, 14:52, edited 4 times in total.
Last edited by Bunuel on 05 Jul 2021, 14:52, edited 4 times in total.
Edited the question.
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
77% (01:17) correct
23%
(01:23)
wrong
based on 7060
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Each of Hemingway’s wives—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—were strong and interesting women, very different from the often pallid women who populate his novels.
(A) Each of Hemingway’s wives—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—were strong and interesting women,
(B) Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—each of them Hemingway’s wives—were strong and interesting women,
(C) Hemingway’s wives—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—were all strong and interesting women,
(D) Strong and interesting women—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—each a wife of Hemingway, was
(E) Strong and interesting women—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—every one of Hemingway’s wives were
(A) Each of Hemingway’s wives—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—were strong and interesting women,
(B) Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—each of them Hemingway’s wives—were strong and interesting women,
(C) Hemingway’s wives—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—were all strong and interesting women,
(D) Strong and interesting women—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—each a wife of Hemingway, was
(E) Strong and interesting women—Hadley Richardson, Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gelhorn, and Mary Welsh—every one of Hemingway’s wives were
Each choice except the third contains errors of agreement. In both the first and last choice, the singular subject (each in the first choice, every one in the last choice) does not agree with the plural verb were, while in the fourth choice, the plural subject women is mismatched with the singular verb was. In the second choice the subject and verb agree, but the descriptive phrase placed between them creates an illogical statement because each cannot be wives; each can be only one of the wives, or a wife.
The pronoun constructions in the first, second, fourth, and last choices are wordy. Also, the second, fourth, and last choices are very awkwardly structured and do not convey the point about Hemingway's wives clearly.
The third choice correctly links wives with were, eliminates the unnecessary pronouns, and provides a clearer structure.
The pronoun constructions in the first, second, fourth, and last choices are wordy. Also, the second, fourth, and last choices are very awkwardly structured and do not convey the point about Hemingway's wives clearly.
The third choice correctly links wives with were, eliminates the unnecessary pronouns, and provides a clearer structure.
22 May 2012, 19:58
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The most important clue here is that the four wives of Hemingway are collectively grouped under the plural noun women for a proper comparison with the pallid women of his novels. Therefore, we cannot entertain singular noun or pronoun such as each or every one in any of the choices, even though we might assign the right verbs for those nouns that. You may see, Choice A, B, D, and E are all alluding to the singular woman in some part or other. We can dump all of them as irrelevant in one go and choose C as the right choice. C is perfect in SV agreement and comparison
18 Sep 2010, 03:27
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I found the following piece of information on one of ManhattanGMAT forums. It was posted by Ron Purewal in response to a query. I am posting it here because I thought it might be helpful.
There are three main reasons for the use of dashes (--)
1) dashes can be used in the place of commas, to express some degree of surprise or irony at the content of the modifier that is being set off.
examples:
John, who is from las vegas, complained that winters in san francisco were cold.
There is no degree of surprise or iron into this modifier, so it is set off with commas as usual.
John -- who is from alaska -- complained that winters in san francisco were cold.
This modifier has a great deal of irony/surprise (for readers from other countries, alaska is much, much colder than san francisco). Therefore, the modifier is set off with dashes, because its content is ironic or unexpected.
(2) dashes may also be used as a substitute for commas to set off a modifier that NAMES people or things, especially if there is a LIST of such people/things.
example:
Three of the players -- john, joe, and sammy -- and their wives were absent from the team banquet.
In this sentence, it's actually imperative that we use the dashes, since the sentence would be ambiguous if you just used commas:
Three of the players, john, joe, and sammy, and their wives were absent from the team banquet.
There are two possible meanings for this version: (a) three unnamed players, john, joe, sammy, and all six of their wives; or (b) the above intended meaning.
3) dashes can be used to replace colons.
As far as i know, a dash can be used in essentially any context in which one would normally use a colon.
I believe that this would normally be done when there is an element of irony or surprise, or perhaps emphasis (much as in example #1 above).
There are three main reasons for the use of dashes (--)
1) dashes can be used in the place of commas, to express some degree of surprise or irony at the content of the modifier that is being set off.
examples:
John, who is from las vegas, complained that winters in san francisco were cold.
There is no degree of surprise or iron into this modifier, so it is set off with commas as usual.
John -- who is from alaska -- complained that winters in san francisco were cold.
This modifier has a great deal of irony/surprise (for readers from other countries, alaska is much, much colder than san francisco). Therefore, the modifier is set off with dashes, because its content is ironic or unexpected.
(2) dashes may also be used as a substitute for commas to set off a modifier that NAMES people or things, especially if there is a LIST of such people/things.
example:
Three of the players -- john, joe, and sammy -- and their wives were absent from the team banquet.
In this sentence, it's actually imperative that we use the dashes, since the sentence would be ambiguous if you just used commas:
Three of the players, john, joe, and sammy, and their wives were absent from the team banquet.
There are two possible meanings for this version: (a) three unnamed players, john, joe, sammy, and all six of their wives; or (b) the above intended meaning.
3) dashes can be used to replace colons.
As far as i know, a dash can be used in essentially any context in which one would normally use a colon.
I believe that this would normally be done when there is an element of irony or surprise, or perhaps emphasis (much as in example #1 above).
