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In an exploratory study, researchers discovered a strong negative correlation between tree size and wood density for mature red spruce trees that were all about the same age( control factor  something which needs to be kept same  ).­

This sentence reveals all. ­
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First answer is found here: strong negative correlation between tree size and wood density

The second answer is not as straight forward, we need to look for the component that was different across the group of trees that were studied, that made a difference in the results: in this case, the age of the tree.

However, for groups of trees in which some trees were significantly younger than others in the group, the exploratory study did not find any correlation between tree size and wood density.


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­In an exploratory study, researchers discovered a strong negative correlation between tree size and wood density for mature red spruce trees that were all about the same age. However, for groups of trees in which some trees were significantly younger than others in the group, the exploratory study did not find any correlation between tree size and wood density. Furthermore, trees with a higher wood density are stronger, more flexible, and able to survive more severe environmental conditions (such as drought or ice) than trees with lower wood density. In a subsequent study, the researchers will investigate whether this same relationship between tree size and wood density applies to the Siberian spruce.

Based on the information in the passage, select for Strong negative correlation with wood density a factor that has a strong negative correlation with wood density for mature red spruce trees of the same age according to the exploratory study. For Control for, select a factor for which the information indicates the researchers in the subsequent study would need to control in order to determine whether the relationship between tree size and wood density identified in the exploratory study applies to the Siberian spruce. Make only two selections, one in each column.
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