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Difficulty:
85%
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Question Stats:
47% (01:54) correct
53%
(02:10)
wrong
based on 1666
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In clinical trials of new medicines, half of the subjects receive the drug being tested and half receive a physiologically inert substance—a placebo. Trials are designed with the intention that neither subjects nor experimenters will find out which subjects are actually being given the drug being tested. However, this intention is frequently frustrated because __________.
Which one of the following, if true, most appropriately completes the explanation?
(A) often the subjects who receive the drug being tested develop symptoms that the experimenters recognize as side effects of the physiologically active drug
(B) subjects who believe they are receiving the drug being tested often display improvements in their conditions regardless of whether what is administered to them is physiologically active or not
(C) in general, when the trial is intended to establish the experimental drug’s safety rather than its effectiveness, all of the subjects are healthy volunteers
(D) when a trial runs a long time, few of the experimenters will work on it from inception to conclusion
(E) the people who are subjects for clinical trials must, by law, be volunteers and must be informed of the possibility that they will receive a placebo
Which one of the following, if true, most appropriately completes the explanation?
(A) often the subjects who receive the drug being tested develop symptoms that the experimenters recognize as side effects of the physiologically active drug
(B) subjects who believe they are receiving the drug being tested often display improvements in their conditions regardless of whether what is administered to them is physiologically active or not
(C) in general, when the trial is intended to establish the experimental drug’s safety rather than its effectiveness, all of the subjects are healthy volunteers
(D) when a trial runs a long time, few of the experimenters will work on it from inception to conclusion
(E) the people who are subjects for clinical trials must, by law, be volunteers and must be informed of the possibility that they will receive a placebo
12 Oct 2017, 02:49
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The intent of using placebo is that neither subjects nor experimenters will find out which subjects are actually being given the drug being tested. Now, what if by some means the experimenters are able to differentiate between the two kind of subject (with and without placebo) ? Will the experimenters be frustrated ? Yes. That's the exact situation we are looking for.
Option A says that the experimenters know about the side effects of the drug being tested. Now, if the subjects start showing these exact side-effects, the experimenters will easily identify the subjects to whom the actual drug is administered.
Hence, this situation will frustrate the experimenters and Option A is our answer !!
13 Apr 2021, 04:00
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broall
OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
(A) Yes. The intent is that neither the subject nor experimenter will know which subjects are actually being given the drug. But if the drug has side effects
that the experimenter recognizes, then in some cases the experimenter will know who is taking the actual drug.
(B) No. This in fact helps keep everybody in the dark about who is getting the actual drug and who is getting a placebo.
(C) No. This is independent of the passage.
(D) No. This in fact helps keep everybody in the dark about who is getting the actual drug and who is getting a placebo. The less time a researcher works with a subject, the fewer opportunities she has to discover whether the subject is getting the actual drug or a placebo.
(E) No. There is no discussion in the passage of volunteering or of informing the subjects that they may receive a placebo.
