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India lost 11.73 lakh man days to strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, they cost the nation 550 crore rupees.

A. to strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, they cost the nation 550 crore rupees

B. to strikes in 2017, which according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, cost the nation 550 crore rupees

C. in strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, it cost the nation cost the nation 550 crore rupees

D. in strikes in 2017, so as to cost the nation 550 crore rupees, according to estimates by the labor bureau

E. to strikes in 2017, which according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, thus costs the nation 550 crore rupees

daagh :- "in 2017" is an adverbial modifier and thus ", which" can not jump over this to modify lost man days. Isn't that right?
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Shamkeev

I do not go with your rationale. The relative pronoun should not jump over an actual verb, but I do not think that it cannot jump over another inessential modifier.
But the point is why you want to go into a modification when there is an easier error to spot, i.e., the SV error. Such a deviant mindset will be a great drain in the Hall.

Even the correct choice B, one has to take with a pinch of salt because what the cost the nation so much of money was the loss of man-days and you just don’t have the word ‘the loss’ in the choice. Therefore, just give the devil its due and be done with.
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India lost 11.73 lakh man days to strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, they cost the nation 550 crore rupees.

A. to strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, they cost the nation 550 crore rupees -- ambiguous pronoun "they" could refer to man days OR estimates

B. to strikes in 2017, which according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, cost the nation 550 crore rupees -- "which" refers correctly to man days and SVA is correct too.

C. in strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, it cost the nation cost the nation 550 crore rupees -- "it cost" wrong SVA

D. in strikes in 2017, so as to cost the nation 550 crore rupees, according to estimates by the labor bureau -- "so as to" makes it seem like intentional cause-effect between lost man-days and cost to the nation.

E. to strikes in 2017, which according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, thus costs the nation 550 crore rupees -- grammatically wrong. "thus" is incorrectly used for conjunction

Answer: B
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May someone explain why "in" strikes is wrong?
Many thanks in advance

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In option B, phrase "according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau" needs to come under comma pair, otherwise "which" doesnt pair up with the verb "cost".
So just after "which" we need a comma.
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May someone explain why "in" strikes is wrong?
Many thanks in advance

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In would essentially refer to the position or place. eg - I am in the middle of a war. However, there are other issues going on here even if ignore the idiom.
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India lost 11.73 lakh man days to strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, they cost the nation 550 crore rupees.

Option Elimination -

A. to strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, they cost the nation 550 crore rupees - "they" can refer to "man-days" or strikes." Ambiguous.

B. to strikes in 2017, which according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, cost the nation 550 crore rupees - "which" can refer to "strikes." Though it violates the "touch rule," it's the best among the lot. A flexible modifier, "a loss that....." would have been better, but I guess that will not make it challenging.

C. in strikes in 2017, and according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, it cost the nation 550 crore rupees - "it" referring to what? No.

D. in strikes in 2017, so as to cost the nation 550 crore rupees, according to estimates by the labor bureau - "so as to" means in order to. Illogical.

E. to strikes in 2017, which according to estimates made by the Labor Bureau, thus costs the nation 550 crore rupees - "costs" singular. Neither goes with "strikes" or man-days." Wrong
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