winterschool
Q1. Which of the following best completes the passage below? A study was recently conducted to determine whether power lines caused some kind of negative health effects. The researchers surveyed everyone living within 200 meters of highvoltage power lines over a 15-year period and looked for statistically significant increases in rates of over 1000 ailments. The study found that the incidence of childhood leukaemia was four times higher among those who lived closest to the power lines. However, this statistic by itself should not be a cause for alarm, because__________________________. (A) childhood leukemia can also be caused by other genetic factors (B) another study has found that most of the children who suffer from childhood leukemia stay far away from power lines (C) the number of potential ailments, that is, over 1000, was so large that it created a high probability that at least one ailment would exhibit statistically significant difference just by chance alone (D) there was no significant correlation between the other 999 diseases and how close to power lines a person stayed (E) childhood leukaemia, unlike leukaemia in adults, can be cured by medicines and therapy and is rarely fatal Difficulty - Hard
winterschool
Q2. The increase in taxes on cigarettes next month will not limit the use of addictive tobacco products to the extent that health advocates hope. Many cigarette smokers will shift their spending to cigars and chewing tobacco when the law takes effect. Which of the following, if true, would most strongly weaken the argument above? A. Cigars and chewing tobacco can satisfy the nicotine cravings of most cigarette smokers. B. The taste, smell, and texture of cigars and chewing tobacco are sufficiently different from those of cigarettes to deter cigarette smokers from using them. C. Many health advocates themselves use tobacco products. D. The government might also impose significant taxes on cigars and chewing tobacco over the course of two years. E. Cigars and chewing tobacco are often more expensive than cigarettes.
CR Questions January - 24 :Q1. Because dinosaurs were reptiles, scientists once assumed that, like all reptiles alive today, dinosaurs were cold-blooded. The recent discovery of dinosaur fossils in the northern arctic, however, has led a number of researchers to conclude that at least some dinosaurs might have been warm-blooded. These researchers point out that only warm-blooded animals could have withstood the frigid temperatures that are characteristic of arctic winters, whereas cold-blooded animals would have frozen to death in the extreme cold.
Which one of the following, if true, weakens the researchers’ argument?
(A) Today’s reptiles are generally confined to regions of temperate or even tropical climates.
(B) The fossils show the arctic dinosaurs to have been substantially smaller than other known species of dinosaurs.
(C) The arctic dinosaur fossils were found alongside fossils of plants known for their ability to withstand extremely cold temperatures.
(D) The number of fossils found together indicates herds of dinosaurs so large that they would need to migrate to find a continual food supply.
(E) Experts on prehistoric climatic conditions believe that winter temperatures in the prehistoric northern arctic were not significantly different from what they are today.
Q2. A favored theory to explain the extinction of dinosaurs, together with many other species, has been the globally catastrophic collision of a large asteroid with the Earth. Supporting evidence is an extraterrestrial chemical element in a layer of dust found worldwide at a geological level laid down contemporaneously with the supported event. A new competing theory contends that any asteroid impact was irrelevant, because it was massive volcanic activity that caused the extinctions by putting enough dust into the atmosphere to cool the planet. The Deccan region of India contains extensive volcanic flows that occurred within the same time period as the supposed asteroid impact and the extinctions.
Which one of the following, if true, most strongly indicates that the asteroid-impact theory is at least incomplete, if not false?
(A) Large concentrations of dinosaur nests with fossil eggs found in Alberta indicate that at least some species of dinosaurs congregated in large groups during some part of their lives.
(B) Dinosaur remains indicate that some species of dinosaur could have migrated in herds over wide ranges, so that they could have traveled to escape the local effects of certain catastrophes.
(C) Legends from many cultures, such as the Greek legend that Cadmus raised an army by sowing dragons’ teeth in the ground, show that various ancient peoples worldwide were familiar with the fossils of dinosaurs.
(D) In the Gobi desert in China, where now only small animals can eke out an existence, fossil dinosaur skeletons 27 feet long were found in circumstances indicating that the climate there was as dry when the dinosaurs lived as it is now.
(E) The fossil record in Montana from below the layer of extraterrestrial dust shows a diminution over time in dinosaur species from 35 to 13, and dinosaur teeth found above the dust layer show a diminution in species from 13 to 5.
Difficulty - Hard