Hello,
jinroayeee. I like the process that
GMATinsight has outlined above. If a more rigorous approach eludes you, you can also resort to testing the possibilities and using logic and pattern recognition to solve each problem, since the sets are small enough.
a) 1 + 3 = 4; 1 + 4 = 5; 1 + 5 = 6 → 1 desirable sum
2 + 3 = 5; 2 + 4 = 6; 2 + 5 = 7 → 2 desirable sums (it should be obvious that the next three will work)
3 + 3 = 6; 3 + 4 = 7; 3 + 5 = 8 → 3 desirable sums
6 desirable sums out of 9 possibilities is
\(\frac{6}{9} = \frac{2}{3}\)
b) 1 * 3 = 3; 1 * 4 = 4; 1 * 5 = 5 → 0 desirable products
2 * 3 = 6; 2 * 4 = 8; 2 * 5 = 10 → 3 desirable products (it should be obvious that the next three will work)
3 * 3 = 9; 3 * 4 = 12; 3 * 5 = 15 → 3 desirable products
6 desirable products out of 9 possibilities is
\(\frac{6}{9} = \frac{2}{3}\)
The worst thing you can do when you see a question is seize up and become afraid to make a move. Even a step in the right direction can get things going sometimes, and an elementary way of solving a question is just as valid as any other way.
Good luck with your studies.
- Andrew