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20 Jun 2018, 06:11
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
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85% (01:34) correct
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Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
Leptin, a protein occurring naturally in the blood, appears to regulate how much fat the body carries by speeding up the metabolism and decreasing the appetite when the body has too much fat. Mice that do not naturally produce leptin have more fat than other mice, but lose fat rapidly when they are given leptin injections. Unfortunately, however, leptin cannot be used as a dietary supplement to control fat, since __________.
(A) the digestive system breaks down proteins before they can enter the bloodstream
(B) there are pharmaceuticals already available that can contribute to weight loss by speeding up the metabolism
(C) people with unusually low levels of leptin in their blood tend to have a high percentage of body fat
(D) the mice that do not naturally produce leptin were from a specially bred strain of mice
(E) mice whose bodies did produce leptin also lost some of their body fat when given leptin injections
(CR04159)
Leptin, a protein occurring naturally in the blood, appears to regulate how much fat the body carries by speeding up the metabolism and decreasing the appetite when the body has too much fat. Mice that do not naturally produce leptin have more fat than other mice, but lose fat rapidly when they are given leptin injections. Unfortunately, however, leptin cannot be used as a dietary supplement to control fat, since __________.
(A) the digestive system breaks down proteins before they can enter the bloodstream
(B) there are pharmaceuticals already available that can contribute to weight loss by speeding up the metabolism
(C) people with unusually low levels of leptin in their blood tend to have a high percentage of body fat
(D) the mice that do not naturally produce leptin were from a specially bred strain of mice
(E) mice whose bodies did produce leptin also lost some of their body fat when given leptin injections
NEW question from GMAT® Official Guide 2019
(CR04159)
Step 1: Identify the Question
The argument contains a blank space, and the question asks which answer choice most logically completes the passage. Fill-in-the-blank questions are typically Strengthen questions; however, to be sure of what problem type this is, read it and determine the logical relationship between the blank and the rest of the passage.
Step 2: Deconstruct the Argument
L: regulates fat (met. ↑, app. ↓)
Mice w/ no L: fat ↑, BUT L injections → fat ↓
BUT: L not a dietary supp. for fat, b/c ??????
The first part of the argument describes the fat-regulating properties of leptin. It appears to reduce fat when injected into mice. But, there’s a catch: surprisingly, it can’t be used as a dietary supplement. The argument doesn’t explain why this is; instead, that section is left blank. Because you’re asked to explain a surprising fact with no prior evidence, treat this as an Explain the Discrepancy problem.
Step 3: Pause and State the Goal
On Explain the Discrepancy problems, the right answer will give a reason for the surprising phenomenon to have occurred. In this case, the right answer needs to give a valid reason that leptin can’t be used as a dietary supplement.
Step 4: Work from Wrong to Right
(A) CORRECT. This explains why leptin can’t be used as a dietary supplement: if it’s eaten, it is broken down by the digestive system and can’t enter the bloodstream. Therefore, it would be ineffective. This is consistent with the statements in the argument: leptin naturally occurs in the blood, and is effective when injected.
(B) The surprise in this argument is specifically that leptin is ineffective. Whether other pharmaceuticals have similar effects doesn’t bear on whether leptin itself is effective.
(C) If anything, this suggests that leptin is a useful supplement, which is the opposite of what the right answer should do. However, it also doesn’t directly relate to the argument, since it doesn’t clarify whether leptin is an effective supplement—it only describes naturally occurring leptin.
(D) The mice in the experiment were injected with leptin, not given leptin as a dietary supplement. Therefore, information about the mice doesn’t help determine whether leptin is effective as a dietary supplement.
(E) The mice in the experiment were injected with leptin, not given leptin as a dietary supplement. Therefore, information about the mice doesn’t help determine whether leptin is effective as a dietary supplement. Additionally, this suggests, if anything, that leptin is effective, which is the opposite of what the right answer should do.
The argument contains a blank space, and the question asks which answer choice most logically completes the passage. Fill-in-the-blank questions are typically Strengthen questions; however, to be sure of what problem type this is, read it and determine the logical relationship between the blank and the rest of the passage.
Step 2: Deconstruct the Argument
L: regulates fat (met. ↑, app. ↓)
Mice w/ no L: fat ↑, BUT L injections → fat ↓
BUT: L not a dietary supp. for fat, b/c ??????
The first part of the argument describes the fat-regulating properties of leptin. It appears to reduce fat when injected into mice. But, there’s a catch: surprisingly, it can’t be used as a dietary supplement. The argument doesn’t explain why this is; instead, that section is left blank. Because you’re asked to explain a surprising fact with no prior evidence, treat this as an Explain the Discrepancy problem.
Step 3: Pause and State the Goal
On Explain the Discrepancy problems, the right answer will give a reason for the surprising phenomenon to have occurred. In this case, the right answer needs to give a valid reason that leptin can’t be used as a dietary supplement.
Step 4: Work from Wrong to Right
(A) CORRECT. This explains why leptin can’t be used as a dietary supplement: if it’s eaten, it is broken down by the digestive system and can’t enter the bloodstream. Therefore, it would be ineffective. This is consistent with the statements in the argument: leptin naturally occurs in the blood, and is effective when injected.
(B) The surprise in this argument is specifically that leptin is ineffective. Whether other pharmaceuticals have similar effects doesn’t bear on whether leptin itself is effective.
(C) If anything, this suggests that leptin is a useful supplement, which is the opposite of what the right answer should do. However, it also doesn’t directly relate to the argument, since it doesn’t clarify whether leptin is an effective supplement—it only describes naturally occurring leptin.
(D) The mice in the experiment were injected with leptin, not given leptin as a dietary supplement. Therefore, information about the mice doesn’t help determine whether leptin is effective as a dietary supplement.
(E) The mice in the experiment were injected with leptin, not given leptin as a dietary supplement. Therefore, information about the mice doesn’t help determine whether leptin is effective as a dietary supplement. Additionally, this suggests, if anything, that leptin is effective, which is the opposite of what the right answer should do.
Ans: A {IMO}
As per the stem Leptin can not be used as a dietary supp to control fat. means so we need a reason for the same to complete the passage that why Laptin can not be used as Dietary Supp.
State A clearly says that because digestive system breaks down the proteins before entering the blood stream and from stem we know Leptin (a type of protein) occurs in blood, so if Leptin is not reaching the blood stream feeding it won't make any difference and it won't serve its purpose.
A. the digestive system breaks down proteins before they can enter the bloodstream (Correct)
B. there are pharmaceuticals already available that can contribute to weight loss by speeding up the metabolism (Not Relavent)
C. people with unusually low levels of leptin in their blood tend to have a high percentage of body fat (Not rel)
D. the mice that do not naturally produce leptin were from a specially bred strain of mice (Not Rel)
E. mice whose bodies did produce leptin also lost some of their body fat when given leptin injections (this speaks about injection not as food supp so not rel)
As per the stem Leptin can not be used as a dietary supp to control fat. means so we need a reason for the same to complete the passage that why Laptin can not be used as Dietary Supp.
State A clearly says that because digestive system breaks down the proteins before entering the blood stream and from stem we know Leptin (a type of protein) occurs in blood, so if Leptin is not reaching the blood stream feeding it won't make any difference and it won't serve its purpose.
A. the digestive system breaks down proteins before they can enter the bloodstream (Correct)
B. there are pharmaceuticals already available that can contribute to weight loss by speeding up the metabolism (Not Relavent)
C. people with unusually low levels of leptin in their blood tend to have a high percentage of body fat (Not rel)
D. the mice that do not naturally produce leptin were from a specially bred strain of mice (Not Rel)
E. mice whose bodies did produce leptin also lost some of their body fat when given leptin injections (this speaks about injection not as food supp so not rel)
Bunuel
General Discussion
21 Jun 2018, 00:16
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Bunuel
Question Type: Complete the Argument/Weaken
Analysis: Leptin, a naturally occuring protein, regulates accumulation of body fat by controlling hunger & metabolism. This is supported by the research on mice that do not naturally produce leptin & are injected with supplemental leptin, have shown to lose fat. The leptin in the blood stream of mice is able to carry out its function of reducing fat.
Since the conclusion starts with "Unfortunately..." we need to find a statement that will weaken, the claim of usage of leptin as a dietary supplement to lose fat.
A. the digestive system breaks down proteins before they can enter the bloodstream - Correct. Since if leptin is broken down by the digestive system, before it reaches the blood stream, it may not be able to carry out its intended function of regulating fat loss.
B. there are pharmaceuticals already available that can contribute to weight loss by speeding up the metabolism - Incorrect. Out of scope.
C. people with unusually low levels of leptin in their blood tend to have a high percentage of body fat - Incorrect. Restates an outcome of the premise of the argument.
D. the mice that do not naturally produce leptin were from a specially bred strain of mice - Incorrect. If the mice were from a special bred, we do not know whether they are resistant to leptin & had some other mechanism for loosing fat.
E. mice whose bodies did produce leptin also lost some of their body fat when given leptin injections - Incorrect. Supports the usage of leptin, since maybe they produced low levels of leptin & supplemental leptin helped them reduce their body fat.
Answer A.
Thanks,
GyM
