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Hi, is the official answer to this question D? Thanks
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Yes, it is.
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Conclusion :- "We must impose harsher penalties."
Option D says that cost of hiring new trucks and drivers are more than the penalties. That means penalties are not high enough. Hence we need harsher penalties.
Select D and move on..

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conclusion/ effect: discourage drivers from overloading caused by increased incentive

D causes just enough discouragement to reduce the increased incentive for truck drivers to cheat/overload
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Dear experts, KarishmaB GMATNinja,
by POE I reached the answer coz none other were convincing enough , but exactly how is this supporting?
my reasoning is - if fines exceed cost to company to add more trucks/ drivers, they would stop adding more trucks.

But the argument is about same numbers of trucks and more load right?
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Is there any solid reason to eliminate A ? I chose D over A but not fully convinced rejecting A

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Here are the answers to each statement. In case of queries pls do ask.
Bunuel
­Lin: Overloaded long-haul trucks—ones exceeding legally mandated weight limitations—pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges. To discourage overloading, we must impose harsher penalties, because rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat. Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation?

A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.
Almost restates the plan, hence no new info+ could also be interpreted as stating the increase should be proportionate which is unnecessary

B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.
Taxes are not at issue - taxes on fuel are not evaded, irrelevant

C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.
We're focused on why fines will be imp to stop overloaded trucks. How does this help?

D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.
Yes! This gives us explanation of why companies continue to overload and how introducing harsher penalties will flip this equation. Currently penalties are so low that paying penalties is better

E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.
We are already told that mostly trucks try to escape penalties because they drive at night. This is strengthening the last statement. But this is not Lin's recommendation. We have to support Lin's recommendation.

Attachment:
2024-03-08_14-00-01.png
­
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Hi MartyMurray, GMATNinja, @WhitGMATPrep

I chose D, but struggled to eliminate E in this question: just wanted to check whether my understanding is correct.

Conclusion, we have to strengthen. To discourage overloading, we MUST impose harsher penalties.

If E) is true, that is, if when weigh stations are open at night, the number of overloaded trucks is equally shared between night and day, it would actually slightly weaken the conclusion that we MUST impose harsher penalties. Since keeping weigh stations open at night would reduce the number of overloaded long haul trucks passing through at night, by making it equal to a typical day, suggesting that we impose harsher penalties is not a MUST, but a could/should.

Whereas D) gives us reason to believe that imposing harsher penalties is the ONLY WAY

Bunuel
­Lin: Overloaded long-haul trucks—ones exceeding legally mandated weight limitations—pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges. To discourage overloading, we must impose harsher penalties, because rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat. Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation?

A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.
B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.
C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.
D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.
E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.

Attachment:
2024-03-08_14-00-01.png
­
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Hi MartyMurray, GMATNinja, WhitEngagePrep, KarishmaB

I chose D, but struggled to eliminate E in this question: just wanted to check whether my understanding is correct.

Conclusion, we have to strengthen. To discourage overloading, we MUST impose harsher penalties.

If E) is true, that is, if when weigh stations are open at night, the number of overloaded trucks is equally shared between night and day, it would actually slightly weaken the conclusion that we MUST impose harsher penalties. Since keeping weigh stations open at night would reduce the number of overloaded long haul trucks passing through at night, by making it equal to a typical day, suggesting that we impose harsher penalties is not a MUST, but a could/should.

Whereas D) gives us reason to believe that imposing harsher penalties is the ONLY WAY

Bunuel
­Lin: Overloaded long-haul trucks—ones exceeding legally mandated weight limitations—pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges. To discourage overloading, we must impose harsher penalties, because rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat. Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation?

A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.
B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.
C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.
D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.
E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.

Attachment:
2024-03-08_14-00-01.png
­
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Bunuel
­Lin: Overloaded long-haul trucks—ones exceeding legally mandated weight limitations—pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges. To discourage overloading, we must impose harsher penalties, because rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat. Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation?

A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.
B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.
C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.
D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.
E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.

Attachment:
2024-03-08_14-00-01.png
­

Overloaded trucks pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges.
Rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat.
Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Argument's Recommendation: We must impose harsher penalties.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation? What will support that harsher penalties will lead to lower overloading?


A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.

Doesn't support that harsher penalties will lead to lower overloading.

B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.

Irrelevant where the money to repair comes from and whether the trucking companies are indirectly paying for road destruction. We need to support harsher penalties.

C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.

No support to harsher penalties. So irrelevant.

D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.

Correct. The author is recommending higher penalties in the hope that it will discourage overloading. So currently the fines must be low enough so that the company prefers to risk it because money spent on adding additional trucks and drivers would be greater. Higher penalties are likely to work if they make fines prohibitive.

E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.

Doesn't tell us why higher penalties will discourage overloading. So irrelevant.

Answer (D)

Check out a discussion on another Strengthen question here: https://youtu.be/3aAuN_bYUQ0
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kabirgandhi
Hi MartyMurray, GMATNinja, WhitEngagePrep, KarishmaB

I chose D, but struggled to eliminate E in this question: just wanted to check whether my understanding is correct.

Conclusion, we have to strengthen. To discourage overloading, we MUST impose harsher penalties.

If E) is true, that is, if when weigh stations are open at night, the number of overloaded trucks is equally shared between night and day, it would actually slightly weaken the conclusion that we MUST impose harsher penalties. Since keeping weigh stations open at night would reduce the number of overloaded long haul trucks passing through at night, by making it equal to a typical day, suggesting that we impose harsher penalties is not a MUST, but a could/should.

Whereas D) gives us reason to believe that imposing harsher penalties is the ONLY WAY

Bunuel
­Lin: Overloaded long-haul trucks—ones exceeding legally mandated weight limitations—pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges. To discourage overloading, we must impose harsher penalties, because rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat. Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation?

A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.
B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.
C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.
D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.
E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.

Attachment:
2024-03-08_14-00-01.png
­
I am not sure I understood your logic for (E). We do not have the option of keeping all weigh stations open at night. That is not a point of discussion. If 10 overloaded trucks are caught per day and 10 are caught at night by a weigh station, how does it support that harsher penalties will reduce number of overloads?
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Exactly, that does not strengthen it. I was just trying to understand whether my understanding of the implication of this choice is correct, i.e. - I believe this is a weakener and that is why it should be eliminated
KarishmaB
kabirgandhi
Hi MartyMurray, GMATNinja, WhitEngagePrep, KarishmaB

I chose D, but struggled to eliminate E in this question: just wanted to check whether my understanding is correct.

Conclusion, we have to strengthen. To discourage overloading, we MUST impose harsher penalties.

If E) is true, that is, if when weigh stations are open at night, the number of overloaded trucks is equally shared between night and day, it would actually slightly weaken the conclusion that we MUST impose harsher penalties. Since keeping weigh stations open at night would reduce the number of overloaded long haul trucks passing through at night, by making it equal to a typical day, suggesting that we impose harsher penalties is not a MUST, but a could/should.

Whereas D) gives us reason to believe that imposing harsher penalties is the ONLY WAY

Bunuel
­Lin: Overloaded long-haul trucks—ones exceeding legally mandated weight limitations—pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges. To discourage overloading, we must impose harsher penalties, because rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat. Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation?

A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.
B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.
C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.
D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.
E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.

Attachment:
2024-03-08_14-00-01.png
­
I am not sure I understood your logic for (E). We do not have the option of keeping all weigh stations open at night. That is not a point of discussion. If 10 overloaded trucks are caught per day and 10 are caught at night by a weigh station, how does it support that harsher penalties will reduce number of overloads?
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Hey, you could look at it this way:

E says that in the areas the check post was open at night, there we recorded similar number of overload trucks during day and night.

You assumed that the count at night reduced to match the count during day, but there's no reason to believe that. It's possible that once drivers knew they will be checked even at night, maybe they started driving through that region without preference for day or night. And hence the count became equal.

The option only says that the count of overload trucks was equal, but it doesn't say how it compares to the average, and hence we don't support Lin's argument through this option.

I hope that helps.

I too struggled to eliminate this option during the mock, but in hindisight this seems like a good reason to have eliminated E.
kabirgandhi
Hi MartyMurray, GMATNinja, WhitEngagePrep, KarishmaB

I chose D, but struggled to eliminate E in this question: just wanted to check whether my understanding is correct.

Conclusion, we have to strengthen. To discourage overloading, we MUST impose harsher penalties.

If E) is true, that is, if when weigh stations are open at night, the number of overloaded trucks is equally shared between night and day, it would actually slightly weaken the conclusion that we MUST impose harsher penalties. Since keeping weigh stations open at night would reduce the number of overloaded long haul trucks passing through at night, by making it equal to a typical day, suggesting that we impose harsher penalties is not a MUST, but a could/should.

Whereas D) gives us reason to believe that imposing harsher penalties is the ONLY WAY

Bunuel
­Lin: Overloaded long-haul trucks—ones exceeding legally mandated weight limitations—pose safety risks and wear down roads and bridges. To discourage overloading, we must impose harsher penalties, because rising fuel costs and competition from a rebounding railway-freight industry have increased the incentive for truckers to cheat. Typically, truck drivers elude detection by running at night when weigh stations are closed.

Which of the following would, if true, provide the most support for Lin’s recommendation?

A. As the weight of a loaded truck increases, the fine for overloading should increase correspondingly.
B. Repairs to road surfaces are in a large percentage of cases funded through taxes on fuel.
C. Road surfaces are designed to withstand at least the legally mandated weight limitations for long-haul trucks.
D. The costs to a trucking company from adding additional trucks and drivers are currently greater than are those from fines for overloading.
E. In areas where weigh stations are kept open at night, the number of overloaded trucks detected at night is similar to the number detected during the day.

Attachment:
2024-03-08_14-00-01.png
­
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kabirgandhi
Exactly, that does not strengthen it. I was just trying to understand whether my understanding of the implication of this choice is correct, i.e. - I believe this is a weakener and that is why it should be eliminated
KarishmaB
For me, this and many other problems get easier when I follow a consistent process that including ID-ing the Question and Argument Types!

1. ID the Question Type (Support = Strengthen)

2. ID the Argument & Deconstruct (Argument Type = Plan... write out the cause and effect).


Institute harsher penalties (to compete with desire to cheat) --(1)-> fewer trucks overload --(2)-> reduce safety risks and slow down wear and tear of roads and bridges

3. Pause & Plan
For a plan, we weaken by showing that an arrow won't hold, we strengthen by showing it will!

4. Eliminate
A - having the fine increase with the weight doesn't tell us if these arrows are more or less likely to hold - ELIMINATE
B - we don't care where the money usually comes from, we're trying to charge to STOP the cheating - ELIMINATE
C - this is fine but we're concerned about the roads for overweighted trucks, this is irrelevant - ELIMINATE
D - this directly attacks arrow (1) - if the costs to avoid the fee > fee, I'll just pay the fee and this won't stop me from cheating - KEEP
E - this tells us that there are overloaded trucks all the time, but we don't know how this connects to having the higher fine actually change behavior, irrelevant - ELIMINATE!

Once you're more clear on what the argument is claiming, it becomes easier to see when things either work, do the opposite of what we want, or have no impact!

Hope this helps!
:)
Whit
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WhitEngagePrep Hi [color=#683d3d]WhitEngagePrep[/color] can you please check your reply. I guess you mis typed Incorrect in D
kabirgandhi
Exactly, that does not strengthen it. I was just trying to understand whether my understanding of the implication of this choice is correct, i.e. - I believe this is a weakener and that is why it should be eliminated
KarishmaB
For me, this and many other problems get easier when I follow a consistent process that including ID-ing the Question and Argument Types!

1. ID the Question Type (Support = Strengthen)

2. ID the Argument & Deconstruct (Argument Type = Plan... write out the cause and effect).


Institute harsher penalties (to compete with desire to cheat) --(1)-> fewer trucks overload --(2)-> reduce safety risks and slow down wear and tear of roads and bridges

3. Pause & Plan
For a plan, we weaken by showing that an arrow won't hold, we strengthen by showing it will!

4. Eliminate
A - having the fine increase with the weight doesn't tell us if these arrows are more or less likely to hold - ELIMINATE
B - we don't care where the money usually comes from, we're trying to charge to STOP the cheating - ELIMINATE
C - this is fine but we're concerned about the roads for overweighted trucks, this is irrelevant - ELIMINATE
D - this directly attacks arrow (1) - if the costs to avoid the fee > fee, I'll just pay the fee and this won't stop me from cheating - ELIMINATE
E - this tells us that there are overloaded trucks all the time, but we don't know how this connects to having the higher fine actually change behavior, irrelevant - ELIMINATE!

Once you're more clear on what the argument is claiming, it becomes easier to see when things either work, do the opposite of what we want, or have no impact!

Hope this helps!
:)
Whit
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You're exactly right and THANK YOU - I just went back and edited!
AbhishekP220108
WhitEngagePrep Hi [color=#683d3d]WhitEngagePrep[/color] can you please check your reply. I guess you mis typed Incorrect in D
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Nice Observation. I totally agree.
AbhishekP220108
WhitEngagePrep Hi [color=#683d3d]WhitEngagePrep[/color] can you please check your reply. I guess you mis typed Incorrect in D

For me, this and many other problems get easier when I follow a consistent process that including ID-ing the Question and Argument Types!

1. ID the Question Type (Support = Strengthen)

2. ID the Argument & Deconstruct (Argument Type = Plan... write out the cause and effect).


Institute harsher penalties (to compete with desire to cheat) --(1)-> fewer trucks overload --(2)-> reduce safety risks and slow down wear and tear of roads and bridges

3. Pause & Plan
For a plan, we weaken by showing that an arrow won't hold, we strengthen by showing it will!

4. Eliminate
A - having the fine increase with the weight doesn't tell us if these arrows are more or less likely to hold - ELIMINATE
B - we don't care where the money usually comes from, we're trying to charge to STOP the cheating - ELIMINATE
C - this is fine but we're concerned about the roads for overweighted trucks, this is irrelevant - ELIMINATE
D - this directly attacks arrow (1) - if the costs to avoid the fee > fee, I'll just pay the fee and this won't stop me from cheating - ELIMINATE
E - this tells us that there are overloaded trucks all the time, but we don't know how this connects to having the higher fine actually change behavior, irrelevant - ELIMINATE!

Once you're more clear on what the argument is claiming, it becomes easier to see when things either work, do the opposite of what we want, or have no impact!

Hope this helps!
:)
Whit
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We can eliminate option A cause if you read option A and say it is true it is just telling us that fine increase with weights so it doesn't tell anything about the argument.
raghavarora089
Is there any solid reason to eliminate A ? I chose D over A but not fully convinced rejecting A

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