NEW HERE? LEARN MORE
closeclose
Last visit was: 29 Apr 2024, 09:10 It is currently 29 Apr 2024, 09:10
Decision Tracker
My Rewards
New posts
New comers' posts

Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Go to My Error Log Learn more
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel

Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does

SORT BY:
Date
Kudos
Tags:
Find Similar Topics 
Show Tags
Hide Tags
User avatar
L
Bunuel
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Posts: 93007
Own Kudos [?]: 619923 [18]
Given Kudos: 81628
Send PM
CAT Tests Forum Quiz Mode
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   08 Mar 2021, 07:00
3
Kudos
15
Bookmarks
Expert Reply
00:00
A
B
C
D
E

Difficulty:

95% (hard)

Question Stats:

38% (01:40) correct 62% (01:45) wrong based on 343 sessions
Hide Show timer Statistics
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?


(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship.

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship.

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer.

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship.

(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer.
ShowHide Answer
Official Answer
D
Most Helpful Reply
User avatar
L
Bunuel
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Posts: 93007
Own Kudos [?]: 619923 [1]
Given Kudos: 81628
Send PM
CAT Tests Forum Quiz Mode
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   16 Mar 2021, 02:15
1
Kudos
Expert Reply
Bunuel wrote:
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?


(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship.

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship.

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer.

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship.

(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer.


Official Explanation



This argument says that two things stand in Melinda’s way—performing poorly on the LSAT and not getting a scholarship. That is, if Melinda does well on the LSAT and gets a scholarship, then she can become a lawyer.

Since Melinda is a lawyer in choice (A), she must have overcome the two obstacles—the LSAT and the scholarship. Hence (A) is valid. This eliminates (A). Next, (B) essentially expresses the same thought as (A). This eliminates (B). Next, (C) says that Melinda didn’t meet one of the two criteria, so she won’t become a lawyer. Hence (C) is valid. This eliminates (C). You should notice that the conclusion in (D) is too strong. Melinda may do well on the LSAT and get a scholarship yet decide not to become a lawyer. The answer, therefore, is (D).
General Discussion
User avatar
D
HoneyLemon
Stern School Moderator
Joined: 26 May 2020
Status:Spirited
Posts: 634
Own Kudos [?]: 539 [1]
Given Kudos: 219
Concentration: General Management, Technology
Schools: Stern '23 LBS '23 Said '23 IIMB EPGP'22 INSEAD Jan'23 intake
WE:Analyst (Computer Software)
Send PM
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   Updated on: 15 Mar 2021, 13:56
1
Bookmarks
Ans is D
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?


Sufficient Condition ------ >>> Necessary Condition

Melinda can become a lawyer --- > Unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.
A --> B



(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship.
A --> B .. Can be inferred

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship.
A --> B .. Can be inferred

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer.
B- --> A- .. Can be inferred

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship.
A- --> B .. Cannot be inferred
(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer.
B- --> A- .. Can be inferred

Originally posted by HoneyLemon on 13 Mar 2021, 05:05.
Last edited by HoneyLemon on 15 Mar 2021, 13:56, edited 2 times in total.
User avatar
L
winterschool
Verbal Chat Moderator
Joined: 20 Mar 2018
Posts: 2002
Own Kudos [?]: 1614 [1]
Given Kudos: 1680
Send PM
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   13 Mar 2021, 05:18
1
Kudos
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?


(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship. Incorrect

it may be possible

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship. Correct

it cant be possible, if Melinda did well on the LSAT or gotten a scholarship than she can admit to lawyer

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer. Incorrect

possible, if any point in the argument happen than she will not become a lawyer

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship. Incorrect

possible

(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer. Incorrect

possible
User avatar
D
HoneyLemon
Stern School Moderator
Joined: 26 May 2020
Status:Spirited
Posts: 634
Own Kudos [?]: 539 [0]
Given Kudos: 219
Concentration: General Management, Technology
Schools: Stern '23 LBS '23 Said '23 IIMB EPGP'22 INSEAD Jan'23 intake
WE:Analyst (Computer Software)
Send PM
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   13 Mar 2021, 06:02
winterschool wrote:
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?


(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship. Incorrect

it may be possible

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship. Correct

it cant be possible, if Melinda did well on the LSAT or gotten a scholarship than she can admit to lawyer

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer. Incorrect

possible, if any point in the argument happen than she will not become a lawyer

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship. Incorrect

possible

(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer. Incorrect

possible


winterschool

Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship

that means
Melinda can not become a lawyer if (she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship )

i.e
Melinda will become a lawyer if (she does not poorly on the LSAT and does get a scholarship )

So in this logic
Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship.
We can infer this .. isn't it ?
May you please revert on the above logic ...
User avatar
L
winterschool
Verbal Chat Moderator
Joined: 20 Mar 2018
Posts: 2002
Own Kudos [?]: 1614 [0]
Given Kudos: 1680
Send PM
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   13 Mar 2021, 23:19
HoneyLemon wrote:
winterschool wrote:
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?


(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship. Incorrect

it may be possible

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship. Correct

it cant be possible, if Melinda did well on the LSAT or gotten a scholarship than she can admit to lawyer

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer. Incorrect

possible, if any point in the argument happen than she will not become a lawyer

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship. Incorrect

possible

(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer. Incorrect

possible


winterschool

Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship

that means
Melinda can not become a lawyer if (she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship )

i.e
Melinda will become a lawyer if (she does not poorly on the LSAT and does get a scholarship )

So in this logic
Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship.
We can infer this .. isn't it ?
May you please revert on the above logic ...



HoneyLemon

I'm not sure about B. There is or present between two option. if she does any one, she will become lawyer.
so, both cant be needed but both can be happen. Based on this I choose B.
Between A & B any one can be right answer
avatar
B
PTibrewal
Intern
Intern
Joined: 19 Dec 2020
Posts: 4
Own Kudos [?]: 0 [0]
Given Kudos: 116
Location: India
Send PM
GMAT ToolKit User
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   15 Mar 2021, 11:39
Hi Brunnel

Can you please help me understand why A is not a correct answer and D is correct.
User avatar
D
HoneyLemon
Stern School Moderator
Joined: 26 May 2020
Status:Spirited
Posts: 634
Own Kudos [?]: 539 [0]
Given Kudos: 219
Concentration: General Management, Technology
Schools: Stern '23 LBS '23 Said '23 IIMB EPGP'22 INSEAD Jan'23 intake
WE:Analyst (Computer Software)
Send PM
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   15 Mar 2021, 14:01
HoneyLemon wrote:
Ans is D
Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?


Sufficient Condition ------ >>> Necessary Condition

Melinda can become a lawyer --- > Unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does not get a scholarship.
A --> B



(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship.
A --> B .. Can be inferred

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship.
A --> B .. Can be inferred

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer.
B- --> A- .. Can be inferred

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship.
A- --> B .. Cannot be inferred
(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer.
B- --> A- .. Can be inferred

Clear concepts of conditional reasoning with multiple necessary conditions embodied
User avatar
P
ravigupta2912
Current Student
Joined: 26 May 2019
Posts: 737
Own Kudos [?]: 263 [0]
Given Kudos: 84
Location: India
Schools: Said '23 IESE '24 LBS '24 (D) ISB '23 (WA) INSEAD Aug 22 intake (D) Judge '23 (D)
GMAT 1: 650 Q46 V34
GMAT 2: 720 Q49 V40
GPA: 2.58
WE:Consulting (Consulting)
Send PM
Reviews Badge
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   20 Mar 2021, 06:50
(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship. -- Incorrect. She only needs to satisfy one of the conditions to become a lawyer i.e. only one of the condition need not occur. In this choice, "both.. and" is used, which is contrary to the passage stem.

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship. -- Incorrect. Same as A.

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer. -- Incorrect. If she gets a scholarship, she can become a lawyer. She doesn't become a lawyer if either does not happen (poor performance on gmat OR no scholarship). In this case, she can still have scholarship and be a lawyer.

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship. -- Yes, true. "or" is the key word here.

(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer. -- Eliminate. She need not satisfy both the conditions to be a lawyer.
User avatar
P
Green2k1
Manager
Manager
Joined: 06 Jun 2019
Posts: 117
Own Kudos [?]: 97 [1]
Given Kudos: 48
Location: India
Concentration: International Business, Technology
Send PM
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   23 Mar 2021, 10:41
1
Kudos
The question is based on the necessary vs sufficient condition:

Necessary condition stated in the argument: does well the LSAT and get a scholarship, However the sufficient condition is not given.

Which one of the following statements cannot be validly drawn from the above statements?

(A) Melinda is lawyer. So she must have both done well on the LSAT and gotten a scholarship.
- As she is lawyer - therefore, all the conditions must have been full filled

(B) Melinda is a lawyer and she did well on the LSAT. So she must have gotten a scholarship.
- Same as A

(C) Melinda did poorly on the LSAT. So she will not become a lawyer.
- Here, she did not able to meet the necessary condition to become a lawyer. So she will not become lawyer

(D) If Melinda does not become a lawyer, then she did poorly on the LSAT or could not get a scholarship.
- Consider the case she did well on LSAT and also got Scholarship, but did not join the college
- The argument statement uses the word "CAN" - it is just showing the capability

(E) If Melinda does poorly on the LSAT and does not get a scholarship, then she will not become a lawyer.
- Same as C
User avatar
VerbalBot
Non-Human User
Joined: 01 Oct 2013
Posts: 17239
Own Kudos [?]: 848 [0]
Given Kudos: 0
Send PM
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink] New post   05 Jun 2023, 23:11
Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).

Want to see all other topics I dig out? Follow me (click follow button on profile). You will receive a summary of all topics I bump in your profile area as well as via email.
GMAT Club Bot
gmatclubot
Re: Melinda can become a lawyer unless she does poorly on the LSAT or does [#permalink]
05 Jun 2023, 23:11
Moderators:
GMATNinja
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
6923 posts
GMATNinjaTwo
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
238 posts
mysterymanrog
CR Forum Moderator
832 posts

Powered by phpBB © phpBB Group | Emoji artwork provided by EmojiOne
Main navigation
GMAT Resources
Partners
MBA Resources
www.gmac.com|www.mba.com | | GMAT Club Rules | Terms and Conditions