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Nalanda, a revered Buddhist monastery of the ancient kingdom of Magadha, had large teaching institutions such as Taxila, Nalanda, and Vikramashila. It is likely that Nalanda was a particularly renowned centre of learning of the Magadha kingdom. A study of ancient manuscripts reveals that, at its peak, Nalanda attracted scholars and students from near and far, with some travelling from as far as Tibet, China, Korea, and Central Asia. Only a particularly renowned centre of learning could have incentivized scholars and students to travel thousands of miles to attend it.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first is premise used to support the main conclusion of the argument; the second is the main conclusion of the argument.
(B) The first is an inference drawn from another statement in the argument; the second is an inference drawn from the first.
(C) The first is one of the two premises used in support of the main conclusion of the argument; the second is the other of those two premises.
(D) The first is premise used to provide support for the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise used to support another conclusion that the argument draws.
(E) The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise used to support that conclusion.


The first statement : “ Nalanda, a revered Buddhist monastery of the ancient kingdom of Magadha, had large teaching institutions such as Taxila, Nalanda, and Vikramashila” is a factual information. This opens up the whole context where the discussion is gonna head.

The second line , which is the first bold face statement (BF1) : “ It is likely that Nalanda was a particularly renowned centre of learning of the Magadha kingdom.” - This denotes the authors claim, he thus makes a conclusion that most likely Nalanda is a renowned learning centre of the Magadhan Empire. Which means, he has some evidences to support this claim, which can be the upcoming statements.

The third line : “ A study of ancient manuscripts reveals that, at its peak, Nalanda attracted scholars and students from near and far, with some travelling from as far as Tibet, China, Korea, and Central Asia.”. - quotes the findings from ancient manuscripts to strengthen his claim.

The last line ; which is the BF2: “Only a particularly renowned centre of learning could have incentivized scholars and students to travel thousands of miles to attend it.” - is supporting the previous statement (Line 3), there by strengthening the points for main conclusion.


(A) The first is premise used to support the main conclusion of the argument; the second is the main conclusion of the argument.

The first is the main conclusion of the author, and the second BF is the statement used to support the main conclusion. Thus, the reverse of the option might be true. Wrong.

(B) The first is an inference drawn from another statement in the argument; the second is an inference drawn from the first.

Inferences are statements which have a previous statement leading us to the point. Based, on the earlier statements we arrive to an inference. BF1 is main conclusion, while BF2 is the supporting statement. Wrong.


(C) The first is one of the two premises used in support of the main conclusion of the argument; the second is the other of those two premises.

If both Bold face statements are premise, then where is the main conclusion. Hence, wrong.

(D) The first is premise used to provide support for the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise used to support another conclusion that the argument draws.

There is only one conclusion, which is the main conclusion. Hence, wrong.

(E) The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise used to support that conclusion.

This correctly identifies the BF1 as main conclusion, and the next BF2 as premise supporting line 3, which directly supports the main conclusion. Hence, BF2 can be considered as supporting the main conclusion.

Option E
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A conclusion is a statement which almost all other statements provide evidence for. And in the passage given we can see that the first statement is the conclusion and the second is a statement which supports that conclusion. Hence answer should be E.
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Nalanda, a revered Buddhist monastery of the ancient kingdom of Magadha, had large teaching institutions such as Taxila, Nalanda, and Vikramashila. It is likely that Nalanda was a particularly renowned centre of learning of the Magadha kingdom. A study of ancient manuscripts reveals that, at its peak, Nalanda attracted scholars and students from near and far, with some travelling from as far as Tibet, China, Korea, and Central Asia. Only a particularly renowned centre of learning could have incentivized scholars and students to travel thousands of miles to attend it.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first is premise used to support the main conclusion of the argument; the second is the main conclusion of the argument.
(B) The first is an inference drawn from another statement in the argument; the second is an inference drawn from the first.
(C) The first is one of the two premises used in support of the main conclusion of the argument; the second is the other of those two premises.
(D) The first is premise used to provide support for the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise used to support another conclusion that the argument draws.
(E) The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise used to support that conclusion.

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