Pack 22 Q5: Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent...

Question

Pack 22, Question 5 of 5:

Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying that their most effective guidelines  requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting  adult tusk-bearing elephants.

(A) requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting
(B) that require zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect 
(C) require that zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect
(D) require that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting
(E) require zero-poaching regulations to enforce protection

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ravigupta2912 · Answer

“Require” bossy verb or a subjunctive.

“To enforce” is gone since we need the “be enforced”. Also the sentence meaning is illogical with “to enforce”

Require regulations to enforce?

We don’t need regulations to enforce something. We need the regulations themselves be enforced.

A,D and E gone.

Between B and C, B has a fragment problem, after the relative pronoun that (saying “that”) what should follow is a full clause.

Subject - their most effective guidelines
Where is the verb?

What follows is again a “that” plus something construction. So we have a fragment here.

B is gone. C is our winner as it fixes the error in B and has the proper subjunctive mood usage.

Posted from my mobile device

Sumi1010 · Answer

The actual sentence is
Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying that their most effective guidelines requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting adult tusk-bearing elephants.

We have two participle modifiers :
VERB+ING without comma :
1. "a press release highlighting how..."
The verb+ing without comma modifies immediately close noun and acts similar to adjective. The phrase "highlighting how..." modifies ONLY "a press release"
2. " most effective guidelines requiring that zero-poaching regulations"
The phrase "requiring that zero-poaching regulations" modifies just the "guidelines"
Thus, dropping the modifiers the sentence turns out :
Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting ~~how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful~~, saying that their most effective guidelines ~~requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting adult tusk-bearing elephants.~~

VERB+ING with comma:
Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying that their most effective guidelines requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting adult tusk-bearing elephants.
Here "saying that.." after comma modifies the preceding clause i.e. what (impact) did the rangers' press release do.
The fragments following SAYING THAT should be a clause.

(A) requiring that that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting
The sentence (without noun modifiers verb+ing) - Reserve park rangers sent out a press release,saying that their most effective guidelines - is incomplete. The fragments after SAYING THAT should be a clause.
(B) that require zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect
Reserve park rangers sent out a press release,saying that their most effective guidelines that require ... - is incomplete. The fragments after SAYING THAT should follow a clause.
(C) require that zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect
Require is a verb in command subjunctive here. the format is : <verb> THAT <noun> <bare form>
BE is correct bare form. We have a clause here after SAYING THAT. Correct.
(D) require that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting
Incorrect form for command subjunctive.
(E) require zero-poaching regulations to enforce protection
The sentence turns out -
Reserve park rangers sent out a press release , saying that their most effective guidelines require zero-poaching regulations to enforce protection.
Here we need command subjunctive.

IMO C

winterschool · Answer

Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying that their most effective guidelines requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting adult tusk-bearing elephants.

(A) requiring that that zero-poaching  regulations to enforce protecting   Incorrect

subjunctive form - require 'be', and participle form is wrong

(B)  that require  zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect  Incorrect

that modifies guidelines and redundant
after require that uses correct

(C)  require that zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect   Correct

(D) require that zero-poaching regulations  to enforce protecting   Incorrect

subjunctive form - require 'be', and participle form is wrong

(E) require zero-poaching regulations  to enforce protection   Incorrect

protection changes meaning
subjunctive form - require 'be'

jhavyom · Answer

Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying  that  their most effective guidelines  requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting  adult tusk-bearing elephants.

After  that  in the above sentece, there must be a subject verb pair.
I have added guidelines in every sentence to pair Subject-Verb

(A)  guidelines   requiring  that that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting
the subject 'guidelines' has no verb.

(B)  guidelines   that  require zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect
the subject 'guidelines' has no verb.

(C)  guidelines require  that zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect
Correct

(D)  guidelines require  that zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protecting
It says that 'guidelines require regulations to enforce'
But how can guidelines enforce something?
Eliminate

(E)  guidelines require  zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protection
Same issue as in D.
It says that 'guidelines require regulations to enforce protection'
Eliminate

Choice C is the answer.

EMPOWERgmatVerbal , there is a typo in option A, kindly correct it.

akadiyan · Answer

Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying that their most effective guidelines  requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting  adult tusk-bearing elephants.

Analysis :
"Require" - is imperative verb form, when an imperative verb form is present before a subordinate clause, it should take on the subjunctive form. The command subjunctive form requires a "That" and also should use "be" form of the verb.
So the usage of 'to enforce' is incorrect.

(A) requiring that that zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protecting -   Incorrect  
The usage of 'to enforce' is not correct. Also there is no verb for the subject guidelines.

PS: I am assuming that the additional 'that' in the answer choices is not by intent and probably a typo

(B)  that require  zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect -   Incorrect  
'That require' changes the meaning of the sentence and also makes the sentence that comes after  guidelines  incomplete without a verb.

(C)   require that   zero-poaching regulations   be enforced   to protect -   correct  
The use of 'require that' correctly uses the command subjunctive form and also uses the correct verb form 'be enforced'.

(D) require that zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protecting -   Incorrect  
'to enforce' is incorrect. 
Also 'Guidelines require regulations to enforce protecting' changes meaning, regulations cannot enforce protection, this is incorrect meaning, only the regulations be enforced to protect elephants.

(E) require zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protection -   Incorrect  
'Guidelines require regulations to enforce protecting' changes meaning, regulations cannot enforce protection, this is incorrect meaning, only the regulations be enforced to protect elephants.

Ans   C

callmeDP · Answer

Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying that their most effective guidelines  requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting  adult tusk-bearing elephants.

to protect - is the correct usage as guidelines were supposed to do something and not represent an action of protecting
A,D,E gone.

Between - B & C, 
guidelines { that require .....} to protect

guidelines require {that .....be enforced} to protect - doesnot form a proper meaning.

IMO B

(A) requiring that that zero-poaching regulations to enforce  protecting 
(B) that require zero-poaching regulations be enforced  to protect  
(C)  require that  zero-poaching regulations be enforced  to protect 
(D) require that zero-poaching regulations to enforce  protecting 
(E) require zero-poaching regulations to enforce  protection

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Official Explanation

Last week, Selous Game Reserve park rangers sent out a press release highlighting how their efforts to repopulate the African elephant have been successful, saying that their most effective guidelines  requiring that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting  adult tusk-bearing elephants.

(A)  requiring that  that zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protecting 
 (B)  that require  zero-poaching regulations  be enforced  to protect  
 (C)  require  that zero-poaching regulations  be enforced  to protect 
 (D)  require  that zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protecting 
 (E)  require  zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protection

This sentence deals with the correct idiom usage of the verb “require” and with subject-verb agreement. It may be difficult to identify the subject and verb in longer sentences, but if you read the sentence it often sounds a little “off” or doesn’t flow well. Differences are highlighted in the text.
 
 (A)  requiring  that that zero-poaching regulations to enforce protecting 
This sentence is  INCORRECT . This subject of this clause (effective guidelines) does not have a verb, because “requiring” by itself is not a verb.

(B)  that require  zero-poaching regulations be enforced to protect 
This sentence is  INCORRECT . The “that” before “require” means this clause does not have a verb, and this is an incorrect usage of the idiom “require that X be Y.”
 
 (C)  require  that zero-poaching regulations  be enforced  to protect 
This sentence is  CORRECT . The subject (effective guidelines) and verb (require) agree. The idiom “require that X be Y” is also used correctly.

(D)  require that  zero-poaching regulations  to enforce protecting  
This sentence is  INCORRECT . This sentence uses the format “require that X to Y,” which is an incorrect usage of the idiom. It should be “require that X be Y.”

(E) require zero-poaching regulations  to enforce  protection 
This sentence is  INCORRECT . It makes it seem like the regulations themselves are being required to enforce the protection. Regulations cannot do anything; only people can take such an action.

There you have it - option C is the correct choice!

Don’t study for the GMAT. Train for it.

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Well done ravigupta2912 ! You cracked the code on this one! Kudos to you!

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Great explanation Sumi1010 ! You did a wonderful job explaining the "verb+ing" issue, which can be a tricky one to learn! Kudos to you!

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Well done winterschool ! Another solid explanation! Kudos to you!

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Great explanation jhavyom ! Also thanks for catching the typo in option A - we'll make sure to go back and fix it. Kudos to you!

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Great job akadiyan ! Kudos to you for cracking the code on this one!

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

You were very close to getting this one correct,  callmeDP ! Check the official explanation in the comments to see how to tackle this one!

chaitnya10 · Answer

subjunctive mood
Only C fulfills the criteria.

Bossy word + that + be

E is the closet wrong option but totally changes the meaning.

VerbalBot · Answer

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