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Elimination method for Q5:

A. The argument assumes the validity of the theory of general relativity. p1
B. The argument does not exhaustively rule out that seemingly invisible stellar entities could be entities other than black holes. p2 mentions Neutrons
C. The Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit may be higher than previously calculated. p3 higher limit of 10
D. The masses of many accretors in X-ray binaries thought to be black holes are less than the more conservative calculation of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit.
E. The evidence given supports the existence of only certain types of black holes hypothesized to exist. p2 mentions black holes of weight 3.6, much larger like cygnus; p3 mentions super massive black holes
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Answer explanation of question 2 please
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Answer explanation of question 2 please

Official Explanation

2. The passage indicates that an accretor found in an X-ray binary and which has a mass greater than Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit

Explanation

This question looks easy at first: an accretor in an X-ray binary with a mass above the limit is probably a black hole. But, on turning to the answer choices, we see that our knowledge only narrows the answer choices by one. We will have to get more specific and eliminate answer choices on the basis of what is stated in the passage. Looking back, we can see that the mass of these things above 3.6 and up to 14, but not automatically above 10, so both choices (B) and (C) are too restrictive. Is the thing moving or stationary? It's moving; that's how the calculation of binary stars work and it's the main subject of the beginning portion of the second paragraph: they rotate around their "common center of mass," and since this is "a point between them" (line 20), they must both necessarily be in motion.

The correct answer is (D).
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Q4 - How do we choose between B & C ? I thought C was not an inference, but an already stated premise, ( though B is also part of the same premise ).

4. It can be inferred from information presented in the passage that if the mass of a stellar object is less than 3.6 solar masses, which of the following must be true as a consequence?

A. The object cannot be a neutron star.
B. The object cannot be a black hole.
C. The object will not necessarily collapse under its own gravitational pull.
D. The object cannot shed X-ray emissions.
E. The object cannot be an accretor in an X-ray binary system.
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@sajjad1994 please provide OE of question 4 could not eliminate B over C
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WHy not B for question 4? Can anyone explain?
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WHy not B for question 4? Can anyone explain?

aarzookhan11
@sajjad1994 please provide OE of question 4 could not eliminate B over C

Official Explanation

4. It can be inferred from information presented in the passage that if the mass of a stellar object is less than 3.6 solar masses, which of the following must be true as a consequence?

Explanation

This question asks us about stellar objects with a mass below the limit of 3.6 solar masses--what can we conclude about them? The natural reaction is choice (B), that such an object cannot be a black hole. However, whether or not this is true, we have not been given sufficient information in the passage to draw such a conclusion. For example, the passage does not assure us that the collapse of a star is the only way in which a black hole is formed, and it doesn't discuss whether there is any way in which a black hole might become less massive after it is formed. The only choice that must be true from the passage is (C). We know from the passage that a stellar object above a certain mass will collapse, and we know that stars exist below this mass limit, so we can conclude that stellar objects under the mass limit will not necessarily collapse.

The correct answer is (C).
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