To ensure computer security, a firm has rules about access

Question

To ensure computer security, a firm has rules about access of managerial and nonmanagerial employees to various networked computer drives. In accordance with the rules, some but not all nonmanagerial employees are allowed access to both Drive B and Drive D. Some are required to have such access. Every nonmanagerial employee must have access to at least one of Drive B and Drive D. No nonmanagerial employee is allowed to have access to both Drive B and Drive E. The rules do not restrict the access of managerial employees to any of the drives mentioned.

From the following statements about computer security practices in relation to the firm's employees, select for  Required  the statement that, based on the information provided, describes a practice that is required by the rules, and select for  Permitted  the statement that describes a practice that is permitted, but NOT required, by the rules. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Bunuel · Accepted Answer

To ensure computer security, a firm has rules about access of managerial and nonmanagerial employees to various networked computer drives. In accordance with the rules, some but not all nonmanagerial employees are allowed access to both Drive B and Drive D. Some are required to have such access. Every nonmanagerial employee must have access to at least one of Drive B and Drive D. No nonmanagerial employee is allowed to have access to both Drive B and Drive E. The rules do not restrict the access of managerial employees to any of the drives mentioned.

From the following statements about computer security practices in relation to the firm's employees, select for Required the statement that, based on the information provided, describes a practice that is required by the rules, and select for Permitted the statement that describes a practice that is permitted, but NOT required, by the rules. Make only two selections, one in each column.

Here are the rules in simple terms.

Rule 1:

“Some but not all nonmanagerial employees are allowed access to both Drive B and Drive D.”

Meaning: Some nonmanagers are allowed to have both B and D, but not every nonmanager is allowed to have both.

Rule 2:

“Some are required to have such access.”

Meaning: Some nonmanagers must have both B and D. For these employees, having only B or only D is not enough.

Rule 3:

“Every nonmanagerial employee must have access to at least one of Drive B and Drive D.”

Meaning: Every nonmanager must have:

B only, or
D only, or
both B and D.

They cannot have neither B nor D.

Rule 4:

“No nonmanagerial employee is allowed to have access to both Drive B and Drive E.”

Meaning: A nonmanager cannot have B and E together.

So if a nonmanager has E, that person cannot have B.

Rule 5:

“The rules do not restrict the access of managerial employees to any of the drives mentioned.”

Meaning: These restrictions apply only to nonmanagers. Managers can have any combination of B, D, and E.

Summary

For nonmanagers:

• Everyone must have B or D or both.
• Some are allowed to have both B and D.
• Some are actually required to have both B and D.
• Nobody can have B and E together.
• Therefore, if a nonmanager has E, that person cannot have B and consequently must have D.

For managers, there are no restrictions given.

_____________________

We need one statement that is required and one that is permitted but not required.

A. At least one nonmanagerial employee is currently not allowed access to any of B, D, and E.

This is impossible. Every nonmanager must have access to at least one of B or D. So no nonmanager can have access to none of the three.

Not Required. Not Permitted.

B. Managerial employees, and only those, are currently allowed access to Drive E.

This is possible. Managers have no restrictions, so they may have E. Nothing requires any nonmanager to have E, so it is possible that only managers have E.

But this is not required because nonmanagers may also have E, provided they do not have B.

Permitted.

C. The nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive D are also allowed access to Drive E.

This cannot be true for all such employees. We know some nonmanagers are required to have both B and D. Those employees have B, so they cannot also have E.

Not Required. Not Permitted.

D. The managerial and nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive B are also allowed access to Drive E.

This is impossible for the nonmanagers. No nonmanager is allowed to have both B and E.

Not Required. Not Permitted.

E. Any nonmanagerial employees currently allowed access to Drive E are also allowed access to Drive D.

If a nonmanager has E, that person cannot have B.

But every nonmanager must have at least B or D. Since B is impossible for that person, the person must have D.

Required.

So the selections are:

Required: E
Permitted: B

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chetan2u · Answer

RULES  :

1)  Non-managerial 
 
 Not every one has access to both B and D 
 Some have access to both B and D 
 No one has access to both B and E 
 All have access to at least one of B and D.

2)  Managerial 
 
 No restrictions, all permitted

Required    (a practice that is required by the rules)
Go through the options. There is only one choice that is a MUST.  If a non-managerial has access to E, then he must have access to D. 
One of B and D is must, and B does not go along with E. So the rule requires that E is coupled with D.

Permitted    ( a practice that is permitted, but NOT required, by the rules)
 
 At least one nonmanagerial employee is currently not allowed access to any of the three drives B, D, and E.  
          It is a requirement that none is allowed access to all three. 
 
 Managerial employees, and only those, are currently allowed access to Drive E.  
           There are no restriction on Drive E apart from Non-managerial not having access to E along with B. So, it is possible only managerial          employees have access to E and no one else.  
 
 The nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive D are also allowed access to Drive E.  
         It could have fitted in permitted but for the line that there are few who have access to both B and D. These cannot be permitted to access E 
 
 The managerial and nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive B are also allowed access to Drive E.  
         Clearly non-managerial employees with access to B are not allowed access to E.

Iwillget770 · Answer

Official Guide Answer https://gmatclub.com/forum/download/file.php?id=81583 GMAT-Club-Forum-lb6l4myf.png

Iwillget770 · Answer

Hello  KarishmaB ,

I chose the exactly opposite answers .
How to infer/comprehend what is   required   and what is   permitted.  
Please guide.

Regards

KarishmaB · Answer

Required Conditions (Necessary):
Some NM are required to have access to both B and D (but all should not have)
Every nonmanagerial employee must have access to at least one of Drive B and Drive D.
No nonmanagerial employee is allowed to have access to both Drive B and Drive E.

Permitted Conditions (Allowed but not necessary):
M are permitted any access.
NMs can have access to drive E (but then they should not have access to B)

- At least one nonmanagerial employee is currently not allowed access to any of the three drives B, D, and E.

Not possible. Every nonmanagerial employee must have access to at least one of Drive B and Drive D.

- Managerial employees, and only those, are currently allowed access to Drive E.

Possible but not necessary. NMs can also get access to drive E but it is not necessary that at least one of them should have this access. Hence it is possible, but not necessary that only Ms have access to drive E currently.
(PERMITTED)

- The nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive D are also allowed access to Drive E.

Not possible. Some NM have access to both B and D. They cannot have access to E though they have access to D.

- The managerial and nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive B are also allowed access to Drive E.

Not possible. Those NM with access to B cannot have access to E.

- Any nonmanagerial employees currently allowed access to Drive E are also allowed access to Drive D.

All NMs must have access to B or to D. This is necessary. Any NM with access to E cannot have access to B. So this NM must have access to D. It is is necessary.
(REQUIRED)

Some discussions on conditional statements:

egmat · Answer

Here is a  detailed video solution  for this interesting question.
See how this question can be solved in the test environment using " Owning the Dataset " approach.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aq9EBMg-2M4

Let us know if you have any questions.

Gemmie · Answer

THE RULES

1. Non-managerial employees: 
Must have access to at least one of Drive B or Drive D.
Some must have access to both Drive B and Drive D.
Cannot have access to both Drive B and Drive E.

2. Managerial employees: 
No restrictions on access.

STATEMENTS

Required:   Any nonmanagerial employees currently allowed access to Drive E are also allowed access to Drive D. 
This is required because
- A Nonmanagerial employee must at least have access to Drive B or D
- A Nonmanagerial employee cannot have access to both Drive B and Drive E
==> All Nonmanagerial employees having access to Drive E must be belong to the groups having access to Drive D

Permitted: Managerial employees, and only those, are currently allowed access to Drive E. 
This is permitted because there are no restrictions on managerial employee access.
However, it is not required; it's possible for non-managerial employees to have access to Drive E as long as they don't have access to Drive B.

muskang2000 · Answer

For permitted, the following option: "The nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive D are also allowed access to Drive E" is wrong because

The nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive D could also be the ones who have access to B (Some are required to have such access to Drive B and Drive D as per the question stem). So if they have access to B too, then they cannot be allowed access to E. Hence, those nonmanagerial employees 'would not be permitted'

The option: "Managerial employees, and only those, are currently allowed access to Drive E." now becomes correct because the rules have to be true in all cases. As we saw in the previous option, some nonmanagerial employees could have access to both B and D, making access to E questionable and unclear. Hence, this option is correct.

liberodolorum · Answer

I have a confusion. In the question stem its mentioned that "all Non Managers must have access to at least drive B AND drive D". So they need to have access to both together right? Can't have access to either one? Then how did we deduce that option E is REQUIRED.

Bunuel · Answer

The stem does  not  say that every nonmanagerial employee must have both B and D. It says:

“Every nonmanagerial employee must have access to   at least one of   Drive B and Drive D.”

That means B, D, or both.

So if a nonmanagerial employee has access to E, that employee cannot have B, because the rules prohibit access to both B and E. Since the employee must still have at least one of B or D,  the employee must have D .

That is why option E is required.

Check complete detailed solution  HERE .

Hope this helps.

To ensure computer security, a firm has rules about access

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Required	Permitted
		At least one nonmanagerial employee is currently not allowed access to any of the three drives B, D, and E.
		Managerial employees, and only those, are currently allowed access to Drive E.
		The nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive D are also allowed access to Drive E.
		The managerial and nonmanagerial employees who are currently allowed access to Drive B are also allowed access to Drive E.
		Any nonmanagerial employees currently allowed access to Drive E are also allowed access to Drive D.

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To ensure computer security, a firm has rules about access

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