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Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua

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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   10 May 2018, 23:12
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Indeed. This is actually a very classical usage of Past Perfect.

Two things happened in the past:

i) Destruction of some buildings last year

ii) Construction of buildings in violation of the city's building code

Both these events happened in the past and so, the event that happened earlier (Construction of buildings) is expressed as past perfect (had been constructed).

p.s. Our book EducationAisle Sentence Correction Nirvana discusses Past perfect tense, its application and examples in significant detail. If someone is interested, PM me your email-id; I can mail the corresponding section.
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   13 Jun 2019, 14:15
GMATNinja wrote:
This one is a classic, with a nice mix of mechanical and meaning issues. And it's even featured in this week's Topic of the Week: our long-winded Beginner's Guide to GMAT SC. Good times.

Quote:
(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

It makes no sense to say "destroyed and heavily damaged" -- it should be an "or", not an "and." And I'm also not crazy about the verb tenses, but we'll say more about that in a moment. Eliminate (A).

Quote:
(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

Hm, the "had been" makes a whole lot of sense here. Whenever you see "had + verb" (past perfect tense, if you like jargon), you'll want to look for some other action that happened later in the past -- generally, a later action that's in simple past tense. In this case "buildings... had been constructed in violation of the city's building code" certainly happened before the buildings "were destroyed or heavily damaged" in the earthquake.

That's a textbook, perfect use of past perfect. Keep (B).

Quote:
(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been

The "and" problem is the same as in (A), and the verb tenses make no sense: it sounds like the buildings were built after they were destroyed in the earthquake, and that clearly isn't the point of the sentence. Eliminate (C).

Quote:
(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

This has the same verb tense error as in (C). So (D) is gone, too.

Quote:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been

Hm, this looks an awful lot like (B). Verb tenses are fine.

So basically, we've eliminated (A), (C), and (D) based on somewhat mechanical errors, and now we're down to two choices. We discussed this situation -- and this exact example -- in detail in our SC Guide for Beginners this week. Let's compare these last two choices again, side by side:

    (B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been
    (E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been

The only real difference is the placement of the phrase “last year.” In (B), “last year” is right next to “earthquake,” and it seems to be telling us that the earthquake occurred last year. That seems reasonable.

But (E) subtly expresses the wrong idea. “Last year” is right at the beginning of the sentence, suggesting that the entire first clause is the thing that happened last year: “some of the buildings… [modifier blah blah]… had been constructed in violation of the city’s building code.” But that doesn’t make sense: the buildings weren’t constructed last year.

So we can eliminate (E), and (B) is our winner.


I am having some difficulties with verb tenses. Can you guide how to approach such questions? I have read the conceptual part and got an idea about which tenses are used when , but still get the SC questions wrong based on tenses.
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   29 Sep 2019, 10:14
x2suresh wrote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been

(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been


Hi generis
If I take out Last year from choice E, and put it after "earthquake", will it be correct choice?

The new version:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake Last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   09 Oct 2019, 10:40
Asad wrote:
x2suresh wrote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been

(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been


Hi generis
If I take out Last year from choice E, and put it after "earthquake", will it be correct choice?

The new version:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake Last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

MartyTargetTestPrep, jennpt, AjiteshArun, ccooley, DmitryFarber, GMATNinja
Could you help me with the new version of E? I'm really getting stuck in the new version. Is the new version of E legit?
Thanks__
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   09 Oct 2019, 15:25
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Asad wrote:
Asad wrote:
x2suresh wrote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been

(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been


Hi generis
If I take out Last year from choice E, and put it after "earthquake", will it be correct choice?

The new version:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake Last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

MartyTargetTestPrep, jennpt, AjiteshArun, ccooley, DmitryFarber, GMATNinja
Could you help me with the new version of E? I'm really getting stuck in the new version. Is the new version of E legit?
Thanks__

For starters, it's not generally the best use of your time to invent new answer choices. The GMAT gives us five of them, and that's more than enough. :)

In this particular case, notice that your "new version" of (E) is almost identical to (B) -- the only difference is "some of the buildings" vs. "some buildings", and that doesn't seem terribly significant.

Answer choice (B) -- and the issue of where to place "last year" -- is discussed in detail here.

I hope that helps!
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   17 Oct 2019, 02:58
GMATNinja wrote:
Asad wrote:
x2suresh wrote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been

(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been


Hi generis
If I take out Last year from choice E, and put it after "earthquake", will it be correct choice?

The new version:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake Last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.


For starters, it's not generally the best use of your time to invent new answer choices. The GMAT gives us five of them, and that's more than enough. :)

In this particular case, notice that your "new version" of (E) is almost identical to (B) -- the only difference is "some of the buildings" vs. "some buildings", and that doesn't seem terribly significant.

Answer choice (B) -- and the issue of where to place "last year" -- is discussed in detail here.

I hope that helps!


Quote:
(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

The new version:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake Last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

GMATNinja
Sir,
In the meantime, I realize that there is meaning difference in choice B and E (new version). Actually, I did not find the 2 versions (choice B and my new version E) same/identical in their meaning! I'm sharing my understanding here.
In B, the subject is "some buildings", but in E (new version), the subject is "some" only.
In B, "that" is modifying "some buildings", but in E (new version), "that" is modifying only "buildings" not "some", I guess. In E ( new version), the meaning says that "buildings are going to be constructed that were destroyed!". How is it possible to construct a buildings that was destroyed? Is it possible in real life?
Or, am I missing anything in explaining my new version (E)?
Thanks__
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   19 Oct 2019, 06:41
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Asad wrote:
GMATNinja wrote:
Asad wrote:
Hi generis
If I take out Last year from choice E, and put it after "earthquake", will it be correct choice?

The new version:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake Last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.


For starters, it's not generally the best use of your time to invent new answer choices. The GMAT gives us five of them, and that's more than enough. :)

In this particular case, notice that your "new version" of (E) is almost identical to (B) -- the only difference is "some of the buildings" vs. "some buildings", and that doesn't seem terribly significant.

Answer choice (B) -- and the issue of where to place "last year" -- is discussed in detail here.

I hope that helps!


Quote:
(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

The new version:
(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake Last year had been constructed in violation of the city's building code.

GMATNinja
Sir,
In the meantime, I realize that there is meaning difference in choice B and E (new version). Actually, I did not find the 2 versions (choice B and my new version E) same/identical in their meaning! I'm sharing my understanding here.
In B, the subject is "some buildings", but in E (new version), the subject is "some" only.
In B, "that" is modifying "some buildings", but in E (new version), "that" is modifying only "buildings" not "some", I guess. In E ( new version), the meaning says that "buildings are going to be constructed that were destroyed!". How is it possible to construct a buildings that was destroyed? Is it possible in real life?
Or, am I missing anything in explaining my new version (E)?
Thanks__

I'll say it again: obsessively analyzing modified versions of official questions really isn't the most productive use of your valuable study time.

Yes, there is a subtle difference between "some buildings..." and "some of the buildings...", but that difference isn't very important here. The past perfect ("had been constructed") tells us that the "construction" happened before anything was destroyed, but either option is fine from that perspective.
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   21 Mar 2020, 05:26
x2suresh wrote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been

(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been


Verbal Question of The Day: Day 54: Sentence Correction


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(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were - Wrong: 1) Meaning 2) Verb

(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been - Correct

(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been - Wrong: 1) Meaning 2) Verb

(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been - Wrong: 1) Verb

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been - Wrong: 1) Modifier
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   13 May 2020, 02:46
Quote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


(A) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

(B) Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

(C) Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been

(D) Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been

(E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been

Request Expert Reply-->
So, can I say: choice A is wrong because of 'redundant issue' (apart from verb tense issue)?

Thanks__
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   30 Jan 2021, 10:17
HumptyDumpty wrote:
x2suresh wrote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


A)Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were
"destroyed and heavily damaged" is nonsensical. A thing cannot be destroyed and damaged at the same time.
B)Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been
"Last year" modifies "earthquake". "Had been constructed" indicates the point in time before "were destroyed". Makes sense.
C)Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been
Wrong for the same reason as A.
D)Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavly damaged some buildings that have been
"Have been constructed" means that the buildings still stand illogically neglecting the earthquake.
E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earth quake had been.
"that were destroyed..." is a modifier of "the buildings", making "Last year" a modifier of "had been constructed".



I do not understand why option D is incorrect? Because if you see, if the buildings got constructed after the earthquake then they must be standing still in the present. And hence, use of have should be CORRECT.

Please some experts- can you help ? manhattan @e-gmat Magoosh
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   30 Jan 2021, 15:14
mk96 wrote:
HumptyDumpty wrote:
x2suresh wrote:
Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.


A)Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were
"destroyed and heavily damaged" is nonsensical. A thing cannot be destroyed and damaged at the same time.
B)Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been
"Last year" modifies "earthquake". "Had been constructed" indicates the point in time before "were destroyed". Makes sense.
C)Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been
Wrong for the same reason as A.
D)Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavly damaged some buildings that have been
"Have been constructed" means that the buildings still stand illogically neglecting the earthquake.
E) Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earth quake had been.
"that were destroyed..." is a modifier of "the buildings", making "Last year" a modifier of "had been constructed".



I do not understand why option D is incorrect? Because if you see, if the buildings got constructed after the earthquake then they must be standing still in the present. And hence, use of have should be CORRECT.

Please some experts- can you help ? manhattan @e-gmat Magoosh


Those buildings have been destroyed or damaged. Their standing is not valid anymore.
We are talking of the buildings that have damaged which had been constructed

I hope it is clear.
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Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   28 Feb 2021, 05:09
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Hi ,
Kindly guide me with my query .


Main clause
Some buildings (s of main clause )

Sub clause
that(s of sub clause) were destroyed(v1)and heavily damaged(v1) in the earthquake last year

Main clause
have been(verb for main clause )
constructed in violation of the city's building code.



As per my understanding
IF (have been constructed in violation of the city's building code) falls under the Sub clause then the main clause will be devoid of verb .
IS my split of main and sub clause correct
How do i find were to stop with my sub clause

Some buildings(s)

At first i considered this entire () as my sub clause

( that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year have been)

constructed in violation of the city's building code.
ZIllions of thanks in advance
Suganya
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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   17 Mar 2021, 09:17
GMATNinja

How we know that the passage tends to mean buildings were constructed or destroyed first?

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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink] New post   11 Aug 2023, 14:14
Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

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Re: Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthqua [#permalink]
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