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sacmanitin
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@talk2pk ,with a population is not right usage ,with a population of would be more correct in that case
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I like B as well. I don't see a problem with whose.

We would say the population of Sarajevo is 15 thousand. Therefore the possessive works.
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The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population on the eve of the First World War was 51,919.

(A) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population
Here subject is population of sarajevo. Capital should refer to place and not to population
(B) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, whose population
Here capital refers to place and then comma is appropriate. is in this sentence is correct as its a fact
(C) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, with a population
with a population is of 51,919 would have been appropriate. But sentence has was 51,519
(D) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo having a population that
having is not correct
(E) Bosnia-Herzegovina, the population of Sarajevo
capital should refer to place

So B
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I think what has been tripping up most people is the use of whose. whose – can modify people or things.

Also - you can solve this problem by the process of elimination.

1) Remove the fluff - The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population was 51,919
2) Check each answer

sacmanitin


(A) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population
- Sarajevo’s population is NOT the capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina - WRONG.
(B) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, whose population
- let's leave this alone, since there is doubt in the use of whose
(C) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, with a population
- The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, with a population of was 51,919 - grammatical error - WRONG
(D) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo having a population that
- The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo having a population that was 51,919 - verb tense error - WRONG
(E) Bosnia-Herzegovina, the population of Sarajevo
- The population of Sarajevo is NOT the capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina - WRONG.

The only remaining answer is B - The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, whose population was 51,919
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B is the best of the other weird options...
A bit hesitant in choosing B for using "whose", but now I feel
more comfortable.

For an example of the use of "whose" in the OG12, refer to SC114:
The original building and loan associations where organized as limited
life funds, whose members made monthly payments on
their share...

"whose" refers to funds; members of the funds made monthly payments...

Hope this helps.
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The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population on the eve of the First World War was 51,919.

The capital of X , ______ (in this blank space after the comma the name of the capital must come)
if not, then it should come after a auxillary verb such as "is".
also , since the capital had (xyz) population should come after a modifier which can refer back to the NAME of the capital.


(A) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population
" Sarajevo’s population" is not the name of the capital
(B) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, whose population
correct- "whose" is clearly reffering to the Sarajevo about the population.
(C) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, with a population
with is reffering to "the capital" but when the name of the capital (Sarajevo) id present we need to modify it deirectly-incorrect
(D) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo having a population that
having-incorrect
(E) Bosnia-Herzegovina, the population of Sarajevo
two IC so cant be left just like that-incorrect
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manojgmat
Ya same question, whose' refer to a state?

whose can refer to both person or a thing.
That - thing
which - thing
who - people
whose - people and thing
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Whose as a pronoun is for people.
Whose as a determiner is "used to indicate that the following noun belongs to or is associated with the person or thing mentioned in the previous clause"

The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, whose population on the eve of the First World War was 51,919.

Population belongs to or is associated with the previous clauses The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo
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sacmanitin
The capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population on the eve of the First World War was 51,919.

(A) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo’s population
(B) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, whose population
(C) Bosnia-Herzegovina is Sarajevo, with a population
(D) Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo having a population that
(E) Bosnia-Herzegovina, the population of Sarajevo


When WHOSE is used as a relative pronoun, it can refer to both person/ thing/ object

Ex: The lady whose child is crying needs hot water
The bike whose silencer is dysfuctional is creating the noise
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