Last visit was: 10 Jul 2025, 03:58 It is currently 10 Jul 2025, 03:58
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
farhanchaudhary
User avatar
Current Student
Joined: 14 Jul 2013
Last visit: 17 Jun 2023
Posts: 272
Own Kudos:
431
 [7]
Given Kudos: 131
Products:
Posts: 272
Kudos: 431
 [7]
3
Kudos
Add Kudos
3
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
avatar
anilvb
Joined: 11 Aug 2013
Last visit: 28 Aug 2013
Posts: 2
Own Kudos:
2
 [1]
Given Kudos: 14
Concentration: Finance, Marketing
GMAT Date: 09-12-2013
Posts: 2
Kudos: 2
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
farhanchaudhary
User avatar
Current Student
Joined: 14 Jul 2013
Last visit: 17 Jun 2023
Posts: 272
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 131
Products:
Posts: 272
Kudos: 431
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
HBSdetermined
Joined: 04 Feb 2012
Last visit: 19 Dec 2018
Posts: 140
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 154
Location: India
Concentration: General Management, Strategy
GRE 1: Q162 V160
GPA: 3.96
WE:Research (Pharmaceuticals and Biotech)
GRE 1: Q162 V160
Posts: 140
Kudos: 36
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
ok...so here you go!

A is correct- ",verb -ing" is used to present the result of the action in the preceding clause- as in this case "...created the economic competition"resulted in violence...ok?
then 'that'is used correctly to modify the "violence"as the subject of "that clause"...then as many as is used because lives are countable and cannot use much-used for uncountable nouns...so no error...!

Gotcha?
avatar
AMITAGARWAL2
Joined: 06 Jul 2013
Last visit: 08 May 2014
Posts: 71
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 42
GMAT 1: 620 Q48 V28
GMAT 2: 700 Q50 V33
Products:
GMAT 2: 700 Q50 V33
Posts: 71
Kudos: 103
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Question is what led to violence - Discovery of gold or economic competion. E is saying Dicovery of gold where original sentence is saying economic competition... A is correct.
User avatar
pqhai
User avatar
Retired Moderator
Joined: 16 Jun 2012
Last visit: 26 Nov 2015
Posts: 868
Own Kudos:
8,824
 [2]
Given Kudos: 123
Location: United States
Posts: 868
Kudos: 8,824
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
farhanc85
anilvb
farhanc85
The discovery of gold near Deadwood, South Dakota, drew adventurers and created economic competition, leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
A) leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
B) leading to violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
C) with the effect of violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
D) with the effect that violence claimed as many as 100 lives lost
E) and led to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives


I think E is the right answer as led and claimed in second form...many is used for number

Can any one explain me why A is the right answer please?

Thanks!!

Hi Anil,

I agree with you on this one. Posting the OE but I am not entirely convinced with it. If anyone can explain in a better way please help.

Always consider how the underlined portion functions in the complete sentence. Here, the underlined portion of the sentence modifies the action expressed in the sentence.. Is the modifier logically placed? In this case, yes— "leading to violence" follows the verbs "drew" and "created" and is correctly placed. Something else we notice is the phrase "as many as." We know that "many" and "much" are often confused in writing. "Many" applies to things that can be counted, while "much" applies to things that cannot be counted. In this sentence, "many" refers to lives lost, which can be counted, so the usage is correct. There does not seem to be an error in this sentence.

Scan and Group the Answer Choices:

Before we mark (A) as the correct answer, let’s verify our analysis by looking at the other options. Choices (B) and (C) use the phrase "as much as" rather than "as many as." Choices (C), (D), and (E) all begin with a word or words other than "leading."

Eliminate Choices Until Only One Remains:

Since we have already determined that "as many as" correctly modifies "lives," we can rule out choices (B) and (C) immediately. Choice (D) is wordy, replacing the concise "leading to" with "with the effect that" and repeating the same idea by using both "claimed" and "lost." Choice (E) is incorrect because, when we integrate it into the entire sentence, we see that the placement of "and" is incorrect. The sentence would have to read "drew adventurers, created economic competition, and led to violence" for (E) to be correct. Thus, we confirm that Choice (A) is, indeed, the correct answer.


Hi farhanc and anil.

This questions is about the usage of Verb-ing modifier.

The discovery of gold near Deadwood, South Dakota, drew adventurers and created economic competition, leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives

A) leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
Correct. "Verb-ing" + comma ==> modify preceding clause (tell you the result or provide more information)

B) leading to violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
Wrong. "100 lives" is countable ==> "as much as" is wrong.

C) with the effect of violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
Wrong. "with the effect" is not as good as "leading to" which is correct and more concise. In addition. "as much as" is incorrect.

D) with the effect that violence claimed as many as 100 lives lost
Wrong. "that" modifies "effect", not "violence". In addition. the structure "with the effect that violence claimed..." is very ungrammatical (the better one is "with the effect of violence that claimed ....")

E) and led to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
Wrong. "and" is parallel marker, but the main parallel structure is not "drew...and created...and led" <== wrong. The second part only provides additional information for the preceding part ==> Verb-ing modifier is correct.

Hope it helps.

For more information about "Verb-ing modifier", please see:
verb-ed-modifiers-vs-verb-ing-modifiers-125611.html

Hope it helps.
User avatar
farhanchaudhary
User avatar
Current Student
Joined: 14 Jul 2013
Last visit: 17 Jun 2023
Posts: 272
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 131
Products:
Posts: 272
Kudos: 431
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Thanks Akhil and Pqhai. Its clear now

Posted from GMAT ToolKit
User avatar
mamun2871
Joined: 11 Mar 2015
Last visit: 29 Aug 2018
Posts: 21
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 10
Posts: 21
Kudos: 25
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
It's a modifier question, Leading correctly modify the preceding clause. Hence, C, D and E out. Among A and B, B uses as much as for describing 100 lives that is countable. Hence, It's incorrect. Now, remain A that is the correct answer.
avatar
Vep22
Joined: 02 Aug 2020
Last visit: 25 Nov 2021
Posts: 12
Given Kudos: 5
Posts: 12
Kudos: 0
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
anilvb
farhanc85
The discovery of gold near Deadwood, South Dakota, drew adventurers and created economic competition, leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
A) leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
B) leading to violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
C) with the effect of violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
D) with the effect that violence claimed as many as 100 lives lost
E) and led to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives


I think E is the right answer as led and claimed in second form...many is used for number

Can any one explain me why A is the right answer please?

Thanks!!

Hello Champ,

A is the right answer. Since the sentence is in format of Cause, Effect. IN such sentences one part has to be in on eparticple form and after comma the second part in --ing format. PLs read abt casue, effect
avatar
Rohanpipalwa
Joined: 31 Dec 2019
Last visit: 21 Jan 2021
Posts: 4
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 8
Posts: 4
Kudos: 7
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
farhanc85
The discovery of gold near Deadwood, South Dakota, drew adventurers and created economic competition, leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
A) leading to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
B) leading to violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
C) with the effect of violence that claimed as much as 100 lives
D) with the effect that violence claimed as many as 100 lives lost
E) and led to violence that claimed as many as 100 lives
Read the discussion & from the looks of it, the confusion is b/w A & E.
I chose A because it is "drew adventurers & created economic competitions" that led to violence & not the discovery of gold. At least that is how I perceived it.
User avatar
VerbalBot
User avatar
Non-Human User
Joined: 01 Oct 2013
Last visit: 04 Jan 2021
Posts: 18,443
Own Kudos:
Posts: 18,443
Kudos: 953
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).

Want to see all other topics I dig out? Follow me (click follow button on profile). You will receive a summary of all topics I bump in your profile area as well as via email.
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7349 posts
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
235 posts