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C, my answer.
we have 15% obese children. or 15 out of 100.
consider that the children population increased to 200. This means, children population will have 30 obese children.

number of obese children is directly proportional to children population. we know that the number of obese is increasing, in turn the number of non-obese.
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C here. I am not sure if DJ's explanation is correct or not (are we sure that the number of children has increased?), but me still thinks C is the best choice
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74. The number of North American children who are obese, that is who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age, is steadily increasing according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years.
If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that
(A) when four major studies all produce similar results those studies must be accurate.
(B) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years.
(C) The number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years.
(D) Over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined.
(E) The incidence of obesity.

Hi again!

Another inference question, so the same rules apply - we're looking for a statement that MUST be true based on one or more of the facts in the stimulus.

We start by paraphrasing the stimulus:

Four major studies tell us that the NUMBER (my emphasis) of N.A. children who are obese is steadily increasing. Obesity is defined as children heavier than 85 PERCENT (my emphasis) of their peers.

On most inference questions, it's very difficult to predict the correct answer (since, on the basis of a bunch of facts, there's usually numerous conclusions that can be drawn). Here, however, if we notice the distinction between numbers and percents, we may be able to make a rough prediction.

If obesity is a relative concept (i.e. it's not a fixed weight, it's your weight relative to the weight of others), how can the group comprising that top 15% get bigger? Only if the entire pool of children grows.

So, our prediction: there must be more children now than there were previously.

Going through the choices, (C) should jump out as the clear winner - not an exact match for our prediction, but following the same logic.

A quick look at the other choices:

A) "must be accurate" - too extreme, eliminate.
B) we have no info on the causes of obesity - outside the scope, eliminate.
D) we have no info on how the other 85% of children are distributed (maybe all 85% are underweight) - outside the scope, eliminate.
E) answer choice incomplete.

Remember, the correct answer to an inference question MUST be true; if you read a choice and think "well, this COULD be true, but I'm not sure", then you can confidently eliminate that choice.
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souvik101990
The number of North American children who are obese—that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age—is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years. If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that:

a) when four major studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate

b) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years

c) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years

d) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined

e) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older

Note we are tazlking about a percentage of the population of children. This means that if the population increases so will the number of children who fall under "15% children who have a bodyfat which is more than 85% of children". In this sense, it would be a stretch to say that the incidence of childhood obesity is increasing in the US. The incidence of childhood obesity would be considered to be increasing in the US, had the obese children population been over 15%. But we are using a relative measure. It may be possible that the 85% has a body fat of 23% (or normal) 15 years ago and a body fat of 30% (or obese) today, while those in the higher 15% had a body fat of 40% (or morbidly obese) 15 years ago and a body fat of 35% (or obese) today. We can make innumerable conclusions out of the given statement.

But the only statement that we can conclusively make from the statement is C. Since we are talking about percentage of population, the only way the total number under a given percentage of population can increase is if the overall population has increased. So in the same sense 85% of population will also carry more numbers.

Answer: C
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The number of North American children who are obese—that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age—is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years. If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that:

a) when four major studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate
b) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years
c) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years
d) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined
e) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older

C Vs D. Rest r out for obvious reasons.

As per premise:
[Same age NAC ] ====<85% not obese>=====||==<15% obese>==.

# of NAC in blue mark has increased. Now to maintain the same proportion we need to increase # of NAC in green marked category. Overall entire population of NAC increased.

C is the winner.
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souvik101990
The number of North American children who are obese—that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age—is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years. If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that:

a) when four major studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate

b) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years

c) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years

d) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined

e) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older


This is a conclusion based question.

Premises in short :
1. Number of obese children in America is increasing based on 4 study over last 15 years (fact)
2. Number of obese = who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age (fact)

We know Number of obese is increasing , so the conclusion will be based on unstated fact , which is Number of on obese.

2 year back : total 100 OB=15 , non OB=85
1 year back : total 200 OB=30 , non OB=170

Since obese number is proportionate of non obese , as obese number increases non obese will also increase


Answer Analysis :
A . Passage only said 4 studies were conducted , based on the information we can not conclude A
B. out of scope , we can not introduce any reason for obesity as passage did not mentioned anything related to cause of obesity.
C. Correct
D. Opposite , if the non obese people were decreased than obese number were also decreased as it is on proportion
E. Out of scope , nothing mentioned on the passage based on which we can say that
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Imagine that there are 100 kids, and 15 kids have more body fat than 85 of the others. Those 15 are obese.

Now, let's imagine that the number of obese kids jumps to 30. Can we just say that those 30 kids have more body fat than the remaining 70 kids? What's the problem with that? Think about that before reading on.

If we have a 30-70 split, than some of those 30 kids are not qualifying as obese. For example, the least fat kid among that 30 will have more body fat than 60 percent (since 60/100 is 60%). So, to have the number of obese kids jump from 15 to 30, we would need the number of non-obese kids to jump too
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the answer "c" is not convincing
rate of increase for obese children -10%
Case 1 Total number of children increases

------------Obese-----Non-Obease------Total
Year-1---- 10--------90----------------100
Year-2-----11--------90----------------101
Year-3---- 12--------90----------------102
Year-4---- 13--------90----------------103



Case 2 Total number of children constant
------------Obese-----Non-Obease--------Total
Year-1---- 10-------- 90----------------100
Year-2---- 11-------- 89-----------------100
Year-3---- 12---------88-----------------100
Year-4---- 13--------87----------------- 100


it is not mentioned that total number of children are increasing/decreasing.In both case Number on nonobese children need not increase
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boksana
114. The number of North American children who are obese-that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years.

If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that

(A) when four majors studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate

Out of scope, we are not at all concerned about the accuracy of the information.

(B) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years

We do not know whether physical activity contributes to children not being obese / there are any other factors.

(D) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined

Weight has got nothing to do with obesity , check carefully we are considering body fat not weight.

(E) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older

We do not have any information to infer this, out of scope.

(C) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years

Total No of Children = Obese Children + Non Obese Children

If number of Obese children are increasing ( keeping the total number of children same) then the number of non obese children must decrease.

Hence IMHO (C) undoubtedly
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boksana
114. The number of North American children who are obese-that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years.

If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that

(A) when four majors studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate

Out of scope, we are not at all concerned about the accuracy of the information.

(B) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years

We do not know whether physical activity contributes to children not being obese / there are any other factors.

(D) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined

Weight has got nothing to do with obesity , check carefully we are considering body fat not weight.

(E) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older

We do not have any information to infer this, out of scope.

(C) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years

Total No of Children = Obese Children + Non Obese Children

If number of Obese children are increasing ( keeping the total number of children same) then the number of non obese children must decrease.

Hence IMHO (C) undoubtedly

Hi Abhishek009

How do you know total is same?

also option C says num of non-obese children is increasing but you took it as decreasing..

please explain
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Children are obese if their body fat is more than 85 percent of children of their age --> 15% of children are obese and rest 85% are not obese

The number of children who are obese has increased --> since the 15 : 85 ratio does not change any increase in the number of obese children will lead to an increase in the number of children who are not obese.

Answer: C
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Children are obese if their body fat is more than 85 percent of children of their age --> 15% of children are obese and rest 85% are not obese

The number of children who are obese has increased --> since the 15 : 85 ratio does not change any increase in the number of obese children will lead to an increase in the number of children who are not obese.

Answer: C
Since the question is about numbers and percentages, best approach is to do this in quant way .

Ratio of not obese to obese is 85/15

85% not obese and 15% obese .

Lets say initial number is 100 , thus 85 not obese and 15 obese .

Now as per question lets say number of obese increases to 30 , then in order to maintain the ratio of 85/15 . The numerator (85) must increase to 170 .

Thus, C is the only correct answer we can conclude .

If you like the explaination the please give kudos .[GRINNING FACE WITH SMILING EYES]

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boksana
114. The number of North American children who are obese-that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age---is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years.

If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that

(A) when four majors studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate
(B) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years
(C) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years
(D) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined
(E) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older
A. Incorrect-No such evidence in the argument.
B. Incorrect-No correlation between physical fitness and body fat have been established.
C. Correct- Ratio of Non-obese to obese is 85/15 always. If # of obese increases then so does # of non-obese.
D. Incorrect-No correlation between weight and body fat have been established. One possible case is- less body fat means more muscle and thus more weight.
E. Incorrect- Age of those children has not been mentioned.
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So I got the doubt why E is wrong

Initially i overlooked and opted E then i have realized THe right choice is C.
Why E is wrong?
Because if the children(with obesity) grew older and the obese children population cannot be steadily increased. SO E IS WRONGOnly the already obesed children will grow older so there wont be any growth in the population.
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The number of North American children who are obese - that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age - is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years.

If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that

(A) when four majors studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate
(B) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years
(C) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years
(D) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined
(E) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older
C is the choice that can directly be CHOSEN but POE wise all the choices except C have misdirected scopes covered, which can't be concluded.

Answer C.
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Correct option is C:
Non-mathematical explanation:
If you sorted the children population based on body fat, the top 15% will always be classified as obese & bottom 85% will always be classified as non-obese

So the ratio of obese to non-obese will always remain at 15%/85%, since that is the definition

So if the population of obese children is increasing, i.e. numerator, for the ratio to remain at 15%/ 85%; the denominator i.e. population of non-obese children's should also increase

Hence C


boksana
The number of North American children who are obese - that is, who have more body fat than do 85 percent of North American children their age - is steadily increasing, according to four major studies conducted over the past 15 years.

If the finding reported above is correct, it can be properly concluded that

(A) when four majors studies all produce similar results, those studies must be accurate
(B) North American children have been progressively less physically active over the past 15 years
(C) the number of North American children who are not obese increased over the past 15 years
(D) over the past 15 years, the number of North American children who are underweight has declined
(E) the incidence of obesity in North American children tends to increase as the children grow older
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