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07 Aug 2021, 23:46
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
75%
(hard)
Question Stats:
45% (01:56) correct
55%
(02:00)
wrong
based on 322
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
As generators of electricity, small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters have several advantages over large, propeller-shaped windmills: simplicity, reliability of stressed components, efficiency in convening wind energy, and beauty.
A) As generators of electricity, small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters have several advantages over large, propeller-shaped windmills:
B) As generators of electricity, several advantages that small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters have over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
C) Several advantages that small, relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity shaped like eggbeaters have over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
D) Several advantages of small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters for generating electricity over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
E) Small, relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity shaped like eggbeaters have the following several advantages over large, propeller-shaped windmills:
07 Aug 2021, 23:48
Kudos
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
THE PROMPT
Small windmills that are shaped like eggbeaters have several advantages over larger windmills.
• Colon? Two rules.
(1) whatever comes before the colon must be an independent clause
Whatever follows the colon does not have to be an independent clause, though it can be so
(2) whatever follows the colon should be linked to whatever comes before the colon.
• Issues tested?
Modifiers. Modifier meaning and modifier placement.
When you see an introductory phrase or clause (something that is not itself a main clause), start looking for modifier problems.
Think about this part in particular: as you read the introductory phrase, the next thing you should be reading about is whatever it is talking about.
THE OPTIONS
• I do not see any errors
• The adjectives or adjective phrases that modify windmills make sense
As generators of electricity......
..................................... small
.................................... relatively inexpensive
WINDMILLS
.................................... that are shaped like eggbeaters
HAVE
• The colon is used correctly.
→ It is preceded by a full clause.
→ After the colon comes a list of things tied to the previous part of the sentence.
KEEP
→ advantages are not generators of electricity
→ what should we be reading about after we see "as generators of electricity"? Windmills.
ELIMINATE B
• nonsensical meaning
→ electricity is not shaped like eggbeaters
→ a past participle phrase (a verbED phrase) word such as shaped like eggbeaters modifies the word immediately preceding it
So shaped like eggbeaters nonsensically modifies electricity.
→ I sincerely hope that if you are about to take the GMAT, you know that electricity is not shaped like eggbeaters.
→ If you do not know this fact, you can glean it from the other options.
Which makes more sense, that electricity is shaped like eggbeaters or that windmills are shaped like eggbeaters?
Those are your two options.
Vote for windmills.
You will need to rely upon some outside knowledge and a lot of common sense. This section is Verbal Reasoning.
• rhetorical construction is inferior to that in option A
→ use this fact only as a tiebreaker.
THe sentence is not horrible, but
Option A version → → Small windmills have advantages
is more active and punchy than
This version → → Advantages that small windmills have
ELIMINATE C
• Strange meaning
→ Does this option intend to convey that the small windmills are specifically "shaped like eggbeaters [that are] for generating electricity"?
What does "for generating" mean?
rocky620 , it's hard to generalize about the question you posed, though I completely understand why you asked it.
I'm sure that many others have the same question.
→ mostly we use "for ___ING" because doing so is idiomatic
Correct: He has a talent for making people laugh.
Correct: Thank you for visiting me.
Correct: He won a prize for taking so many tests.
→ sometimes we use "for ___ING" to explain purpose, though not often.
Correct, but suspect: The group wanted to buy shotguns for hunting deer.
You noticed that not one option gives you an infinitive.
Rather than windmills TO generate electricity, I think that we want to read about windmills THAT generation electricity.
We do not have an infinitive "to generate" because we do not need one in option A.
There are too many modifiers.
Option A handily separated the modifiers.
We know that in option A, that As generators of electricity modifies small windmills.
The intro phrase in option A obviated the need for an infinitive.
• Option A wins. Compare to this part of option D
windmills shaped like eggbeaters for generating electricity
There are eggbeaters [built or used] for generating electricity?
ELIMINATE D
• Nonsensical. Just as in option B, shaped incorrectly modifies elecricity.
ELectricity is not shaped like eggbeaters.
The whole noun phrase is silly. There are windmills for generating electricity [that is] shaped like eggbeaters?
• Compare to option A.
Which is worse?
This one. The modifiers are scrambled.
ELIMINATE E
The answer is A.
COMMENTS
rocky620 , welcome to SC Butler.
To the other three new people, yet again, welcome.
Keep posting. Soon you will begin to feel more fluent in SC.
The analysis in this thread ranges from very good to outstanding.
Kudos to all.
Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC2)
THE PROMPT
Quote:
• Meaning?
Small windmills that are shaped like eggbeaters have several advantages over larger windmills.
• Colon? Two rules.
(1) whatever comes before the colon must be an independent clause
Whatever follows the colon does not have to be an independent clause, though it can be so
(2) whatever follows the colon should be linked to whatever comes before the colon.
• Issues tested?
Modifiers. Modifier meaning and modifier placement.
When you see an introductory phrase or clause (something that is not itself a main clause), start looking for modifier problems.
Think about this part in particular: as you read the introductory phrase, the next thing you should be reading about is whatever it is talking about.
THE OPTIONS
Quote:
• I do not see any errors
• The adjectives or adjective phrases that modify windmills make sense
As generators of electricity......
..................................... small
.................................... relatively inexpensive
WINDMILLS
.................................... that are shaped like eggbeaters
HAVE
• The colon is used correctly.
→ It is preceded by a full clause.
→ After the colon comes a list of things tied to the previous part of the sentence.
KEEP
Quote:
• modifier error (aka "misplaced modifier")
→ advantages are not generators of electricity
→ what should we be reading about after we see "as generators of electricity"? Windmills.
ELIMINATE B
Quote:
• nonsensical meaning
→ electricity is not shaped like eggbeaters
→ a past participle phrase (a verbED phrase) word such as shaped like eggbeaters modifies the word immediately preceding it
So shaped like eggbeaters nonsensically modifies electricity.
→ I sincerely hope that if you are about to take the GMAT, you know that electricity is not shaped like eggbeaters.
→ If you do not know this fact, you can glean it from the other options.
Which makes more sense, that electricity is shaped like eggbeaters or that windmills are shaped like eggbeaters?
Those are your two options.
Vote for windmills.
You will need to rely upon some outside knowledge and a lot of common sense. This section is Verbal Reasoning.
• rhetorical construction is inferior to that in option A
→ use this fact only as a tiebreaker.
THe sentence is not horrible, but
Option A version → → Small windmills have advantages
is more active and punchy than
This version → → Advantages that small windmills have
ELIMINATE C
Quote:
• Strange meaning
→ Does this option intend to convey that the small windmills are specifically "shaped like eggbeaters [that are] for generating electricity"?
What does "for generating" mean?
rocky620 , it's hard to generalize about the question you posed, though I completely understand why you asked it.
I'm sure that many others have the same question.
→ mostly we use "for ___ING" because doing so is idiomatic
Correct: He has a talent for making people laugh.
Correct: Thank you for visiting me.
Correct: He won a prize for taking so many tests.
→ sometimes we use "for ___ING" to explain purpose, though not often.
Correct, but suspect: The group wanted to buy shotguns for hunting deer.
You noticed that not one option gives you an infinitive.
Rather than windmills TO generate electricity, I think that we want to read about windmills THAT generation electricity.
We do not have an infinitive "to generate" because we do not need one in option A.
There are too many modifiers.
Option A handily separated the modifiers.
We know that in option A, that As generators of electricity modifies small windmills.
The intro phrase in option A obviated the need for an infinitive.
• Option A wins. Compare to this part of option D
windmills shaped like eggbeaters for generating electricity
There are eggbeaters [built or used] for generating electricity?
ELIMINATE D
Quote:
• Nonsensical. Just as in option B, shaped incorrectly modifies elecricity.
ELectricity is not shaped like eggbeaters.
The whole noun phrase is silly. There are windmills for generating electricity [that is] shaped like eggbeaters?
• Compare to option A.
Which is worse?
This one. The modifiers are scrambled.
ELIMINATE E
The answer is A.
COMMENTS
rocky620 , welcome to SC Butler.
To the other three new people, yet again, welcome.
Keep posting. Soon you will begin to feel more fluent in SC.
The analysis in this thread ranges from very good to outstanding.
Kudos to all.
rocky620
Retired Moderator
Joined: 10 Nov 2018
Last visit: 11 May 2023
Posts: 482
Given Kudos: 229
Location: India
Concentration: General Management, Strategy
Schools: IIMA PGPX'22 IIMB EPGP'22 IIMC PGPEX'22 ISB'22
GMAT 1: 590 Q49 V22
WE:Other (Retail: E-commerce)
08 Aug 2021, 01:11
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Meaning: Windmills shaped like eggbeaters, have several advantages over windmills shaped like propellers.
Opening phrase: As generators of electricity, - means "in the capacity of - generators of electricity" or "functioning as generators of electricity.
Coming to the modifiers part:
small, relatively inexpensive & Large - Modifies "windmills shaped like eggbeaters" & "propeller shaped windmills" respectively.
The use of COLON in this sentence is to give examples of the several advantages talked about. Hence, it is correct in its usage.
As per the above explanation, Option A seems to be correct.
For other options:
B) As generators of electricity, several advantages that small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters have over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
The opening phrase illogically modifies the closest noun several advantages, the remaining part (highlighted) is modifying these advantages (generis kindly confirm, if the reasoning is correct). So, if we remove the highlighted part the sentence says:
"As generators of electricity, several advantages include simplicity, reliability of stressed components, efficiency in convening wind energy, and beauty".
We cannot say that several advantages are functioning as generators of electricity. Its the windmills that performs this function.
So, B is incorrect.
C) Several advantages that small, relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity shaped like eggbeaters have over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
At first glance the thing that caught my attention was:
shaped like eggbeaters - VERB+ed is modifying "electricity". Electricity is not shaped like eggbeaters (no genius knows the shape of electricity
).
Also,
relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity - It would make more sense if there were "USED" between windmills and for generating. This will also maintain the intended meaning.
"relatively inexpensive windmills used for generating electricity"
As last read, "for + verb ing" is less preferred over "to+verb", in GMAT. Since, no option has "to+verb" we could have ignored this reasoning, given that the other errors were not there and no other option was better.
So, C is incorrect.
[generis - can you please share some thoughts on the correct & incorrect usages of "for + verb ing" on GMAT (especially in a case like this one, where we do not a to+verb")]
D) Several advantages of small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters for generating electricity over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
The main problem in this option is "relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters for generating electricity". It means, that the windmills are shaped like eggbeaters in order to generate electricity. It they were of some other shape, then they would not generate electricity.
So, Option D is incorrect.
E) Small, relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity shaped like eggbeaters have the following several advantages over large, propeller-shaped windmills:
Apart from all the errors mentioned for Option C & D. This option has a very awkward construction.
The part "following several advantages" caught my eye. We have other better options.
So, E is incorrect.
Hence, IMO, Option A is correct.
Opening phrase: As generators of electricity, - means "in the capacity of - generators of electricity" or "functioning as generators of electricity.
Coming to the modifiers part:
small, relatively inexpensive & Large - Modifies "windmills shaped like eggbeaters" & "propeller shaped windmills" respectively.
The use of COLON in this sentence is to give examples of the several advantages talked about. Hence, it is correct in its usage.
As per the above explanation, Option A seems to be correct.
For other options:
B) As generators of electricity, several advantages that small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters have over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
The opening phrase illogically modifies the closest noun several advantages, the remaining part (highlighted) is modifying these advantages (generis kindly confirm, if the reasoning is correct). So, if we remove the highlighted part the sentence says:
"As generators of electricity, several advantages include simplicity, reliability of stressed components, efficiency in convening wind energy, and beauty".
We cannot say that several advantages are functioning as generators of electricity. Its the windmills that performs this function.
So, B is incorrect.
C) Several advantages that small, relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity shaped like eggbeaters have over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
At first glance the thing that caught my attention was:
shaped like eggbeaters - VERB+ed is modifying "electricity". Electricity is not shaped like eggbeaters (no genius knows the shape of electricity
).Also,
relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity - It would make more sense if there were "USED" between windmills and for generating. This will also maintain the intended meaning.
"relatively inexpensive windmills used for generating electricity"
As last read, "for + verb ing" is less preferred over "to+verb", in GMAT. Since, no option has "to+verb" we could have ignored this reasoning, given that the other errors were not there and no other option was better.
So, C is incorrect.
[generis - can you please share some thoughts on the correct & incorrect usages of "for + verb ing" on GMAT (especially in a case like this one, where we do not a to+verb")]
D) Several advantages of small, relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters for generating electricity over large, propeller-shaped windmills include
The main problem in this option is "relatively inexpensive windmills shaped like eggbeaters for generating electricity". It means, that the windmills are shaped like eggbeaters in order to generate electricity. It they were of some other shape, then they would not generate electricity.
So, Option D is incorrect.
E) Small, relatively inexpensive windmills for generating electricity shaped like eggbeaters have the following several advantages over large, propeller-shaped windmills:
Apart from all the errors mentioned for Option C & D. This option has a very awkward construction.
The part "following several advantages" caught my eye. We have other better options.
So, E is incorrect.
Hence, IMO, Option A is correct.
