John Mercer Brooke created a sounding apparatus that is essentially a rod,
connected to a string, that strikes the sea floor,
causing the tension on the string to slack and a ball to fall to the ground;
the rod, released from its weight, is easily drawn up,
bringing
with it a cup-like apparatus, in which was remaining all specimens able to adhere, for an extended period of time, to a special glue lining the cup.
(A) with it a cup-like apparatus, in which was remaining the specimens -
First, "was remaining" is wrong tense because the statement is a fact and we use present tense to depict a fact. Second, S-V disagreement between "was" and "specimens". (B) a cup-like apparatus with it, and in which remaining specimens -
Positioning of "with it" is wrong. Second, we need simple present rather than present continuous. Third, this choice is a fragment. (C) with it a cup-like apparatus, in which remain the specimens -
Correct (D) with it a cup-like apparatus in which remains specimens -
S-V disagreement between "remains" and "specimens" (E) with it a cup-like apparatus and remaining in it all the -
Changes the meaning of original sentence