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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
73% (02:20) correct
27%
(02:28)
wrong
based on 400
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Journalist: The trade union members at AutoFaber Inc. are planning to go on strike. Independent arbitration would avert a strike, but only if both sides agree to accept the arbitrator's recommendations as binding. However, based on past experience, the union is quite unlikely to agree to this, so a strike is likely.
Which one of the following arguments exhibits a pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by the journalist's argument?
(A) The company will downsize unless more stock is issued. Furthermore, if the company downsizes, the shareholders will demand a change. Since no more stock is being issued, we can be sure that the shareholders will demand a change.
(B) Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum only if the new wing is named after her. The only other person the new wing could be named after is the museum's founder, Wu. But it was decided yesterday that the gardens, not the new wing, would be named after Wu. So Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum.
(C) Reynolds and Khripkova would not make suitable business partners, since they are constantly squabbling, whereas good business partners know how to get along with each other most of the time and, if they quarrel, know how to resolve their differences.
(D) Lopez will run in tomorrow's marathon. Lopez will win the marathon only if his sponsors do a good job of keeping him hydrated . But his sponsors are known to be poor at keeping their athletes hydrated. So it is probable that Lopez will not win the marathon.
(E) The new course in microeconomics is offered either in the fall or in the spring. The new course will be offered in the spring if there is a qualified instructor available. Since the economics department currently lacks a qualified instructor for such courses, however, the course will not be offered in the spring.
Which one of the following arguments exhibits a pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by the journalist's argument?
(A) The company will downsize unless more stock is issued. Furthermore, if the company downsizes, the shareholders will demand a change. Since no more stock is being issued, we can be sure that the shareholders will demand a change.
(B) Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum only if the new wing is named after her. The only other person the new wing could be named after is the museum's founder, Wu. But it was decided yesterday that the gardens, not the new wing, would be named after Wu. So Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum.
(C) Reynolds and Khripkova would not make suitable business partners, since they are constantly squabbling, whereas good business partners know how to get along with each other most of the time and, if they quarrel, know how to resolve their differences.
(D) Lopez will run in tomorrow's marathon. Lopez will win the marathon only if his sponsors do a good job of keeping him hydrated . But his sponsors are known to be poor at keeping their athletes hydrated. So it is probable that Lopez will not win the marathon.
(E) The new course in microeconomics is offered either in the fall or in the spring. The new course will be offered in the spring if there is a qualified instructor available. Since the economics department currently lacks a qualified instructor for such courses, however, the course will not be offered in the spring.
23 Nov 2013, 01:38
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This is parallel reasoning question, one of the most difficult type of CR questions. To solve this kind of question, we can use diagram to visualize the reasoning. It would help shortening the solving time. 
ANALYZE THE STIMULUS:
(1) The trade union members at AutoFaber Inc. are planning to go on strike.
(2) Independent arbitration would avert a strike, but only if both sides agree to accept the arbitrator's recommendations as binding.
(3) However, based on past experience, the union is quite unlikely to agree to this, so a strike is likely.
The diagram is:
If X (accept recommendations) --> Y (strike not happen)
==> NOT X --> NOT Y (NOT "strike not happen")
ANALYZE EACH ANSWER:
Which one of the following arguments exhibits a pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by the journalist's argument?
(A) The company will downsize unless more stock is issued. Furthermore, if the company downsizes, the shareholders will demand a change. Since no more stock is being issued, we can be sure that the shareholders will demand a change.
Wrong.
Logic of A is:
X happens if Y does not happen
X happens ==> Z happens
Because Y does not happen --> Z happens
NOT following the same reasoning.
(B) Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum only if the new wing is named after her. The only other person the new wing could be named after is the museum's founder, Wu. But it was decided yesterday that the gardens, not the new wing, would be named after Wu. So Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum.
Wrong.
Logic of B is:
X happens if Y happens
Z happens --> X will happen.
NOT following the same reasoning.
(C) Reynolds and Khripkova would not make suitable business partners, since they are constantly squabbling, whereas good business partners know how to get along with each other most of the time and, if they quarrel, know how to resolve their differences.
Wrong.
Logic of C is:
Because X --> Y happens.
NOT X --> NOT Y
Quite similar reasoning but wrong because C does NOT say clearly that if R & K know how to resolve their differences, they would be suitable business partners.
NOT following the same reasoning.
(D) Lopez will run in tomorrow's marathon. Lopez will win the marathon only if his sponsors do a good job of keeping him hydrated . But his sponsors are known to be poor at keeping their athletes hydrated. So it is probable that Lopez will not win the marathon.
Correct.
Logic of D is:
X happens if Y happens
Y not happen --> X will not happen.
Much better than C because D clearly mentions both the cause and the effect.
(E) The new course in microeconomics is offered either in the fall or in the spring. The new course will be offered in the spring if there is a qualified instructor available. Since the. <== I bet this option is incomplete.
Anyway, we have the final option is D.
ANALYZE THE STIMULUS:
(1) The trade union members at AutoFaber Inc. are planning to go on strike.
(2) Independent arbitration would avert a strike, but only if both sides agree to accept the arbitrator's recommendations as binding.
(3) However, based on past experience, the union is quite unlikely to agree to this, so a strike is likely.
The diagram is:
If X (accept recommendations) --> Y (strike not happen)
==> NOT X --> NOT Y (NOT "strike not happen")
ANALYZE EACH ANSWER:
Which one of the following arguments exhibits a pattern of reasoning most similar to that exhibited by the journalist's argument?
(A) The company will downsize unless more stock is issued. Furthermore, if the company downsizes, the shareholders will demand a change. Since no more stock is being issued, we can be sure that the shareholders will demand a change.
Wrong.
Logic of A is:
X happens if Y does not happen
X happens ==> Z happens
Because Y does not happen --> Z happens
NOT following the same reasoning.
(B) Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum only if the new wing is named after her. The only other person the new wing could be named after is the museum's founder, Wu. But it was decided yesterday that the gardens, not the new wing, would be named after Wu. So Rodriguez will donate her paintings to the museum.
Wrong.
Logic of B is:
X happens if Y happens
Z happens --> X will happen.
NOT following the same reasoning.
(C) Reynolds and Khripkova would not make suitable business partners, since they are constantly squabbling, whereas good business partners know how to get along with each other most of the time and, if they quarrel, know how to resolve their differences.
Wrong.
Logic of C is:
Because X --> Y happens.
NOT X --> NOT Y
Quite similar reasoning but wrong because C does NOT say clearly that if R & K know how to resolve their differences, they would be suitable business partners.
NOT following the same reasoning.
(D) Lopez will run in tomorrow's marathon. Lopez will win the marathon only if his sponsors do a good job of keeping him hydrated . But his sponsors are known to be poor at keeping their athletes hydrated. So it is probable that Lopez will not win the marathon.
Correct.
Logic of D is:
X happens if Y happens
Y not happen --> X will not happen.
Much better than C because D clearly mentions both the cause and the effect.
(E) The new course in microeconomics is offered either in the fall or in the spring. The new course will be offered in the spring if there is a qualified instructor available. Since the. <== I bet this option is incomplete.
Anyway, we have the final option is D.
This type is indeed difficult and too time-consuming.
Although it seems to be comprehensible, it's hard to apply under time pressure, especially if you are non-native
Thanks for explanation. Hope this approach will help me to keep within 2 minutes.
Although it seems to be comprehensible, it's hard to apply under time pressure, especially if you are non-native
Thanks for explanation. Hope this approach will help me to keep within 2 minutes.
