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Learn what truly sets the UC Riverside MBA apart and how it helps in your professional growth
Updated on: 04 Apr 2025, 12:47
Originally posted by Sajjad1994 on 13 Aug 2020, 22:03.
Last edited by Bunuel on 04 Apr 2025, 12:47, edited 3 times in total.
Last edited by Bunuel on 04 Apr 2025, 12:47, edited 3 times in total.
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Between 1980 and 2008, India’s agricultural growth has expanded beyond the Northern grain belt, led primarily by rapid production growth in horticulture and livestock products. That growth was due more to an increase in productivity than to an increase in resources as efficiency and technical changes accounted for 66 percent of that growth, while more conventional inputs such as land, labor, capital, and materials accounted for 34 percent. Over the same period, Indian agriculture’s productivity growth rate averaged 2.1 percent per year. However, productivity growth rates varied considerably by region.
Researchers identified several policies propelling productivity growth in Indian agriculture. Of these, public investments in both India’s agricultural research and higher education system and its irrigation infrastructure had the greatest effects on productivity. From 1980 to 2008, public investment in agricultural research had the greatest effect on productivity in the northern, western, and central States. India’s average return on public investment in its agricultural research and higher education system was 85 percent: for each $1 invested in India’s research-and-education program, $18.34 in research benefits were generated. The second-greatest effect on productivity was from an expansion of irrigated area.
India’s expansion of groundwater-well-irrigated area had a larger effect on productivity growth than did the expansion of canal-irrigated area. Groundwater wells have released the geographic constraint presented by accessing canal water, which in turn has boosted production by allowing more land to be double cropped. Investments in public rural education had mixed productivity effects. Investments in education accelerated productivity when the per capita average level of rural schooling was already greater than 4.3 years. However, when the average level of education was less than 4.3 years, the investments dampened productivity growth. Reaching 4.3 years of education is thus important for farm labor to successfully adapt and adopt new farm technologies and practices, thereby improving productive efficiency. International public agricultural research investments also contributed to India’s rising productivity growth, although the effects were difficult to disentangle from those of private research investments.
Researchers identified several policies propelling productivity growth in Indian agriculture. Of these, public investments in both India’s agricultural research and higher education system and its irrigation infrastructure had the greatest effects on productivity. From 1980 to 2008, public investment in agricultural research had the greatest effect on productivity in the northern, western, and central States. India’s average return on public investment in its agricultural research and higher education system was 85 percent: for each $1 invested in India’s research-and-education program, $18.34 in research benefits were generated. The second-greatest effect on productivity was from an expansion of irrigated area.
India’s expansion of groundwater-well-irrigated area had a larger effect on productivity growth than did the expansion of canal-irrigated area. Groundwater wells have released the geographic constraint presented by accessing canal water, which in turn has boosted production by allowing more land to be double cropped. Investments in public rural education had mixed productivity effects. Investments in education accelerated productivity when the per capita average level of rural schooling was already greater than 4.3 years. However, when the average level of education was less than 4.3 years, the investments dampened productivity growth. Reaching 4.3 years of education is thus important for farm labor to successfully adapt and adopt new farm technologies and practices, thereby improving productive efficiency. International public agricultural research investments also contributed to India’s rising productivity growth, although the effects were difficult to disentangle from those of private research investments.
Andhra Pradesh
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1. It can be determined from the information in the tabs that the extant Indian state with the greatest real rupee growth in agriculture from 1980-1984 to 2004-2008 would be
| Andhra Pradesh | |
| Maharashtra | |
| Old Uttar Pradesh | |
| Punjab | |
| West Bengal |
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Andhra Pradesh
Educational research in rural areas where the average level of education was fewer than 4 years per student.: Not significant
Public investment in agricultural research.: Significant
Growth in horticultural and livestock products.: Significant
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2. For each of the following, select Significant if the variable listed is one credited for having a significant impact on agricultural growth in India between 1980 and 2008. Otherwise, select Not significant.
| Significant | Not significant | |
| Educational research in rural areas where the average level of education was fewer than 4 years per student. | ||
| Public investment in agricultural research. | ||
| Growth in horticultural and livestock products. |
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Educational research in rural areas where the average level of education was fewer than 4 years per student.: Not significant
Public investment in agricultural research.: Significant
Growth in horticultural and livestock products.: Significant
Gujarat consistently accounted for approximately 25% of the production for India’s West Region throughout the period of study.: Yes
The state accounting for the largest proportion of agricultural production for any of India’s six regions on average from 2004-2008 was Andhra Pradesh at approximately 40%.: No
From 2004-2008 the states comprising Old Uttar Pradesh accounted for a larger proportion of agricultural production in its region than did any other state broken up in 2000 for its region from 2004-2008.: No
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3. For each of the following, select Yes if it is a statement that can be supported by the information in tabs 2 and 3. Otherwise, select No.
| Yes | No | |
| Gujarat consistently accounted for approximately 25% of the production for India’s West Region throughout the period of study. | ||
| The state accounting for the largest proportion of agricultural production for any of India’s six regions on average from 2004-2008 was Andhra Pradesh at approximately 40%. | ||
| From 2004-2008 the states comprising Old Uttar Pradesh accounted for a larger proportion of agricultural production in its region than did any other state broken up in 2000 for its region from 2004-2008. |
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Gujarat consistently accounted for approximately 25% of the production for India’s West Region throughout the period of study.: Yes
The state accounting for the largest proportion of agricultural production for any of India’s six regions on average from 2004-2008 was Andhra Pradesh at approximately 40%.: No
From 2004-2008 the states comprising Old Uttar Pradesh accounted for a larger proportion of agricultural production in its region than did any other state broken up in 2000 for its region from 2004-2008.: No
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Improved version of this question is discussed HERE.
29 Aug 2020, 06:25
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1) It can be determined from the information in the tabs that the extant Indian state with the greatest real rupee growth in agriculture from 1980-1984 to 2004-2008 would be
a. Andhra Pradesh - 700 - 250 = 550
b. Maharashtra - 500 - 200 =300
c. Old Uttar Pradesh - 900 - 400 =500
d. Punjab 500 -100 = 400
e. West Bengal 500-150 = 350
2) For each of the following, select Significant if the variable listed is one credited for having a significant impact on agricultural growth in India between 1980 and 2008. Otherwise, select Not significant.
Educational research in rural areas where the average level of education was fewer than 4 years per student - However, when the average level of education was less than 4.3 years, the investments dampened productivity growth. Not Significant
Public investment in agricultural research India’s average return on public investment in its agricultural research and higher education system was 85 percent: for each $1 invested in India’s research-and-education program, $18.34 in research benefits were generated. Significant
Growth in horticultural and livestock products Between 1980 and 2008, India’s agricultural growth has expanded beyond the Northern grain belt, led primarily by rapid production growth in horticulture and livestock products. Significant
3) For each of the following, select Yes if it is a statement that can be supported by the information in tabs 2 and 3. Otherwise, select No.
Gujarat consistently accounted for approximately 25% of the production for India’s West Region throughout the period of study.
West Region consist of Gujrat, Rajasthan & Maharastra whereas Gujrat rose from 100 to 400 million= 300 billion
Rajasthan from 100 to 300 = 200
Maharastra from 200 to 500 = 300
1980 - Gujrat /total west = 100/100+100+200 = 100/400
2004 - 300/300+300+500 = 300/1100
both are at 25%
Yes
The state accounting for the largest proportion of agricultural production for any of India’s six regions on average from 2004-2008 was Andhra Pradesh at approximately 40%.
No Assam is 100%
From 2004-2008 the states comprising Old Uttar Pradesh accounted for a larger proportion of agricultural production in its region than did any other state broken up in 2000 for its region from 2004-2008.
No Central region has MP & Chattisgarh with 100%
a. Andhra Pradesh - 700 - 250 = 550
b. Maharashtra - 500 - 200 =300
c. Old Uttar Pradesh - 900 - 400 =500
d. Punjab 500 -100 = 400
e. West Bengal 500-150 = 350
2) For each of the following, select Significant if the variable listed is one credited for having a significant impact on agricultural growth in India between 1980 and 2008. Otherwise, select Not significant.
Educational research in rural areas where the average level of education was fewer than 4 years per student - However, when the average level of education was less than 4.3 years, the investments dampened productivity growth. Not Significant
Public investment in agricultural research India’s average return on public investment in its agricultural research and higher education system was 85 percent: for each $1 invested in India’s research-and-education program, $18.34 in research benefits were generated. Significant
Growth in horticultural and livestock products Between 1980 and 2008, India’s agricultural growth has expanded beyond the Northern grain belt, led primarily by rapid production growth in horticulture and livestock products. Significant
3) For each of the following, select Yes if it is a statement that can be supported by the information in tabs 2 and 3. Otherwise, select No.
Gujarat consistently accounted for approximately 25% of the production for India’s West Region throughout the period of study.
West Region consist of Gujrat, Rajasthan & Maharastra whereas Gujrat rose from 100 to 400 million= 300 billion
Rajasthan from 100 to 300 = 200
Maharastra from 200 to 500 = 300
1980 - Gujrat /total west = 100/100+100+200 = 100/400
2004 - 300/300+300+500 = 300/1100
both are at 25%
Yes
The state accounting for the largest proportion of agricultural production for any of India’s six regions on average from 2004-2008 was Andhra Pradesh at approximately 40%.
No Assam is 100%
From 2004-2008 the states comprising Old Uttar Pradesh accounted for a larger proportion of agricultural production in its region than did any other state broken up in 2000 for its region from 2004-2008.
No Central region has MP & Chattisgarh with 100%
sukoon9334
Joined: 22 Oct 2019
Last visit: 01 Feb 2024
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Location: India
Schools: HEC Montreal '21
GMAT 1: 660 Q50 V30
08 Jan 2024, 02:37
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Sajjad1994
Please share official answer for this question.
Please share official answer for this question.
