Darwin's idea dethroned humans from their supposed unique place compared to biological entities, and in the same way, Freud's ideas subordinated the conscious subject to much more power forces of the Unconscious.


A. Darwin's idea dethroned humans from their supposed unique place compared to biological entities, and in the same way, Freud's ideas subordinated

B. Darwin's idea dethroned humans from their supposed unique place among biological entities, likewise, with Freud's ideas subordinating

C. Darwin's idea dethroned humans from their supposed unique place compared to biological entities, and in an entirely comparable manner, Freud's ideas subordinated

D. As Darwin's idea dethroned humans from their supposed unique place among biological entities, equally with Freud's ideas subordinating

E. Just as Darwin's idea dethroned humans from their supposed unique place among biological entities, so Freud's ideas subordinated

Here, just have to know an idiom : Just as X, so Y (can also be written Just as X, so to Y)

Answer E!
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Think outside the box

There are some serious flaws in this problem.

First, the word "supposed" is not right. It's an adjective, but it has no noun to modify. It should be "supposedly" to modify "unique." (In theory, we could use "supposed" to modify the noun phrase "unique place," but it doesn't make a lot of sense here.)

Second, and more importantly, the last, non-underlined part of the sentence doesn't make sense. "Subordinated" and "subject to" shouldn't be used together. Freud's ideas either "subordinated the conscious to X" or "portrayed the conscious as subject to X." Together, these two forms obscure any sensible meaning. Then we have "the much more power forces." I'm guessing that's meant to be "powerful."

In short, be very careful with unofficial Verbal questions. You're probably better off digging out the 10th edition OG or redoing the problems you have one more time than studying highly-flawed English!
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Dmitry Farber | Manhattan GMAT Instructor | New York


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Official Explanation

This sentence has a very complex comparison: we are comparing one action and its result to another action and its result.

Split #1: Human beings vs. biological entities: what's the right phasing? Humans are biological entities, so humans have a place among biological entities. That phrasing of (E) affirms, yes, humans themselves are biological entities themselves. The "compared with" phrasing of (A) or the "compared to" phrasing of (B) implies that humans are something other than, outside of, biological entities, which is not the sense of the sentence. The phrase "place with biological entities" in (D) is ambiguous, open to many interpretations, and therefore not ideal. The phrasing "in the midst of biological entities" in (C) strongly suggests a physical position standing in the middle of, say, a group of animals; yes, a metaphorical interpretation would be conceivable, but such an interpretation is a little more poetic than the GMAT typically displays.

Split #2: the comparison. Both the first & the second half of the sentence should be full independent clauses.

(A)[clause #1], "likewise" [proposition][noun][participle] --- the second half is not a full clause, and in fact, the GMAT doesn't approve of the "with"[noun][participle] structure. This is incorrect.

(B) The past perfect verb in the first clause is incorrect. Furthermore, the pronoun "this" seems to be referring to something abstract, the quality of Darwin's action. Pronouns can't do this. Any pronoun needs a clear, unambiguous, explicitly mentioned noun as its antecedent, and this pronoun does not have such an antecedent. This is definitely incorrect.

(C)[clause #1], "and in an entirely comparable manner," [clause #2] --- technically correct, but very wordy and awkward. The use of the hypothetical phrasing in the second clause, "would subordinate," is unjustified. This is not correct.

(D) This presents an illogical comparison, comparing Darwin's ideas to Freud the person. This is incorrect.

(E)"Just as" [clause #1], "so" [clause #2] ---- not only perfectly correct, but also elegant. This uses the"just as P, so Q" idiom for linking two independent clauses. The use of the present perfect tense for the verbs in both clauses is correct and parallel.

For all these reasons, (E) is the only possible answer.
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Reading comprehension | Critical Reasoning