If we assume there are 3 or more oak trees among the 10 trees in the garden, and we assign A to the number of oak trees, the probability of all 3 chosen trees being oak is equal to:
\(\frac{A}{10}*\frac{(A-1)}{9}*\frac{(A-2)}{8}\)
So we only need to know the number of oak trees to be able to answer the question.
Statement 1:
Based on this statement, \(\frac{A}{10}*\frac{(A-1)}{9} = \frac{2}{15} \)
If we simplify the equation, we'll have: A(A-1)=12, which means A=4,
With this, we can calculate the probability that is asked in the question to see if it's greater than \(\frac{1}{20}\) or not.
So, statement 1 is sufficient. Statement 2:
This statement tells us that the number of oak trees is either 4 or fewer than 4.
If there are 4, the probability of choosing 3 oak is equal to: \(\frac{4}{10}*\frac{3}{9}*\frac{2}{8}= \frac{1}{30} \)
which is less than 1/20. So, the answer to the question is no. But what if there are 3, or 2, or 1 oak trees? Well, we know the probability of choosing 3 oak trees is just gonna decrease if the total number of oak trees decreases. So the answer to the question will remain no.
So, Statement 2 is sufficient. The answer is D.
Bunuel
There are 10 trees in a garden, and a gardener randomly selects 3 different trees to prune. Is the probability that all 3 selected trees are oaks greater than 1/20?
(1) The probability that two randomly selected trees are both oaks is 2/15.
(2) There are 6 maple trees in the garden.