| Critical Reasoning Butler: August 2026 |
| August 7 | CR 1 | CR 2 |
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CR 1 A number of college students were recruited by the psychology department to participate in a paid, unspecified experiment, which turned out to be a menial, monotonous counting exercise. Unbeknownst to the students, half of the participants were paid a meager rate for their participation, while half received a generous rate. After the counting exercise was complete, each student was asked questions on his or her perception of the counting exercise. Surprisingly, the participants who had been paid less reported higher levels of enjoyment in completing the exercise than the higher-paid participants did.
Which of the following hypotheses, if true, best accounts for the findings of the experiment?
A. In both groups, the portion of the brain activated by counting was disrupted by the exercise and distorted perceptions of financial quantities.
B. Those who counted faster in the experiment experienced more satisfaction than those who counted more slowly.
C. The participants who were paid less had more motivation, conscious or unconscious, to justify their participation in the menial exercise.
D. The energy expenditure of counting in the human mind was associated with the cognitive load of worrying about a quantity of money.
E. Counting is most capably performed by accountants, whose level of satisfaction is highest while they are at work.
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CR 2 Wappo, a company that manufactures turbine blades for hydroelectric dams, has designed a new model of blade with a superior hydrodynamic form that will save energy and hence cost in implementation. Wappo is willing to sell these blades to a particular hydroelectric dam at no initial cost. The only payment will be the difference between, first, a percentage of the dam's improved profits, as measured by the percentage improvement of the hydroelectric dam efficiency times the value of energy sold by the plant over an 18-month period, and, second, the additional cost of installation and maintenance of the new turbines. On installation, the dam will make an estimated payment, which will be adjusted after eighteen months to equal the proper amount.
Which of the following, if it occurred, would constitute a disadvantage for Wappo of the plan described above?
A. Another manufacturer's introduction to the market of a similarly efficient turbine blade
B. The dam's need for a large number of turbine blades
C. Energy efficiency of the dam's current turbines somewhat below the industry average
D. Levels of demand for hydroelectric power that were stagnant but above predicted levels
E. Uncharacteristic weather conditions decreasing the amount of energy that can be harvested through hydroelectric means at the dam's location