In February 1995, Doris Schopper became president of the international

I think its A.
Because the the "world's largest independent" after the underline should modify "Doctors Without Borders" as Doctors without borders is Independent, International and emergency relief organisation not English. So D,E are out. B,C when read in full dont make much sense. A on the other hand is a much better option.
In B it seems Medecins sans Frontieres is English for Doctors without Borders which definitely wrong.
In C , It is not named in English, It is is English for Medecins sans Frontieres.
Thats why will go with A.

bb, this question is from GMAT PREP QP1. Could you please get it tagged to QP1 source.

GMATNinja, mikemcgarry,

Could you please explain difference between A and C.

Known As and Named As ?

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Done. Thank you.

There are two problems with the construction in (C.) First, if you were giving something a name, you wouldn't write "named as." For example, "I named my gerbil Ivan the Terrible," is fine, but "I named my gerbil as Ivan the Terrible," is not. The second example makes it sound as though I were impersonating Ivan the Terrible while naming my gerbil, and that would raise all sorts of questions among my neighbors.

The other problem is that the meaning in (C) is illogical. The organization wasn't given one name in French and then given a different name in English. Rather it was given a name an French and was known by a rough translation of that name in English. Hence, "known as" makes more logical sense than "named as."

I hope that helps!

great explanation. thank you
I think there is another problem with choice C.
if "named" is correct, the sentence should be " named in English as". order of words should be changed because we need a phrase modifying " frontier", so "named ' should be close to " Frotier".

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