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commas is misplaced in E => "having no support otherwise" now becomes a redundant clause => E is incorrect.
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Official Magoosh explanation:



Important subtlety in the non-underlined part

Notice “both encouraged and limited”. The underlined must clearly show this contrast. The use of “and” (see (B)) or a sentence that doesn’t make this contrast clear (see (C)) makes for an incorrect answer choice.

(A) makes the contrast clear and maintains parallelism: “were allowed to...were discouraged from”.

(B) See above note on the subtlety. Also, the “once under a system” is missing the pronoun “they” since we need to make it clear who was “under a system”.

(C) See above on the subtlety. Also, “discouraged in” is unidiomatic. We need “discouraged from”

(D) is an absolute train wreck. First off the “being” should be “they were”. The clause before the comma and the word “but”, needs to have a clear verb modifying the subject artisans. The “otherwise not having support” is a phrase referring to the artisans. It does not function as a verb.

(E) This one is really tricky. There is a missing comma between “system” and “they”. Punctuation errors are not common on the GMAT, but might show up.
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sayantanc2k
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I could not understand how E was changing the meaning of the original sentence....gramatically I found no error in E....Experts please help....Thanks in advance..

In option E, the present participle "having no support otherwise" takes up the tense of the verb in the main clause, "were". This construction does not clarify that not having support preceded allowing. Option A takes care of the above issue by using the past perfect tense ("have had").

However the subject ("they") of the second clause is missing in option A (seems to be a typo). The option has been modified to include the the same.


"otherwise" mean if something dose not happen. so, "otherwise' signal a non fact condition sentence.

my parent lent me money. otherwise, i could not have taken the trip.
if my parent had not lent me money, I could not have take the trip.

conditional sentence require "would do" and "would /could have done" if the sentence is in present or past.

otherwise can show a likeliness

shut the door. otherwise, it will be cold inhere.

so, otherwise is about condition and likeliness not about a sequence, in which one action happen before another.

I think so
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Patronus
Micheaux contends that the guild system both limited and encouraged experimentation in Renaissance Italy: artisans who would have otherwise had no support were allowed to develop their craft, yet, once under such a system, they were discouraged from challenging the existing power dynamics.

A) Italy: artisans who otherwise would have had no support were allowed to develop their craft, yet, once under such a system, they were discouraged from
B) Italy, providing artisans support they would not have had otherwise in developing their craft, and discouraging them, once under such a system, from
C) Italy, since artisans who otherwise would not have not had any support in developing their craft were, once under such a system, discouraged in
D) Italy: artisans not otherwise having support in the development of their craft, but once under such a system being discouraged from
E) Italy; artisans, having no support otherwise, were allowed to develop their craft, yet, once under such a system they were discouraged from

Though one of the GMAT club moderators has posted official explanation, would be better if an expert from Magoosh team posts detailed explanation.
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Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

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