It will not be possible to implicate melting sea ice in the coastal

Question

It will not be possible to implicate melting sea ice in the coastal flooding that many global warming models have projected: just like a glass of water that will not overflow due to melting ice cubes, so melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume.

(A) like a glass of water that will not overflow due to melting ice cubes,

(A) like a glass of water that will not overflow due to melting ice cubes,
(B) like melting ice cubes that do not cause a glass of water to overflow,
(C) a glass of water will not overflow because of melting ice cubes,
(D) as melting ice cubes that do not cause a glass of water to overflow,
(E) as melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow,

Video Explanations:

https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/25/science/earth/antarctica-warming-looks-ever-more-vulnerable.html

Glaciologists also know that by itself, free-floating sea ice does not raise the level of the sea, just  as an ice cube in a glass of water does not cause an overflow as it melts . But glaciers are different because they rest on land, and if that vast volume of ice slides into the sea at a high rate, this adds mass to the ocean, which in turn can raise the global sea level.

GMATNinja · Accepted Answer

This question provides an excellent example of how knowing different idioms can be helpful but is not entirely necessary. As many others have pointed out on this thread, the idiom “just as...so...” is certainly preferable to “just like...so....” But with  over 20,000 idioms in the English language, it’s impossible to memorize all of them , and it’s hard to know which idioms will be tested and which idioms won’t.

So with that in mind, let’s consider the answer choices and see if we can find better reasons to eliminate the incorrect choices:

First, the word “like” on the GMAT always introduces a comparison between two things. In this sentence, the comparison is between a glass of water and melting sea ice. But this comparison is illogical and doesn't fit with the author’s intention. It would make sense to compare a glass of  water  to the  ocean  or to compare  melting ice cubes  to  melting sea ice . But comparing a glass of water to melting sea ice doesn’t really work.

Moreover, the phrase “due to” should modify a noun, but here “due to melting ice cubes” modifies the verb "will not overflow" (telling us  how  the glass of water  will not overflow ).

For those two reasons, we can get rid of (A).

Initially, the comparison seems better in (B): melting ice cubes are compared to melting sea ice.

But when we take a closer look, the underlined portion describes “melting ice cubes  that  do not cause a glass of water to overflow.” The “that” makes this part of the comparison essentially a noun (with a modifier). This is problematic because the noun (+ modifier) is then compared to a clause (“melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume”).

We cannot compare a noun to a clause here, so we can eliminate (B).

(C) has neither “like” nor “as” to introduce a comparison. Instead, it proceeds by saying “just a glass of water... so melting sea ice....” The sentence clearly intends to compare two phenomena, and (C) fails to make the comparison. When we read (C) for meaning, without “like” or “as”, it seems to introduce a causal relationship. It reads as if melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume BECAUSE "just a glass of water will not overflow because of melting ice cubes."

This is illogical and clearly not the author’s intention. Eliminate (C).

(D) has the same problem as (B): “Melting ice cubes  that  do not cause a glass of water to overflow” are compared with “melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume.” The comparison is illogical in that it compares a noun (“ice cubes”) to an action (“does not increase”).

Also, the word “as” should introduce a comparison of two actions/clauses, and the underlined portion in (D) does not constitute a clause. Therefore, we can eliminate (D).

(E) looks promising. It rectifies the comparison issues identified in (B) and (D), and it eliminates the improper use of “due to” as found in (A). It compares the fact that ice cubes “do not cause...to overflow” to the fact that melting sea ice “does not increase volume.” The comparison between two actions is logical, and (E) contains no other definite errors.

So (E) is our winner.

AjiteshArun · Answer

Hi  Suryakumar ,

That  that  does create a subordinate clause (a relative clause). Relative clauses with only a verb after the  that  are quite common, and we should not worry too much about them. For example:

1.   A book   that you like ... 
2.   A book   that is good ...

The first one has both a subject and a verb after the  that , but the second has only a verb after the  that . We cannot say that either one of these structures is impossible.

The point that you mentioned applies to  just as... so . We  need  subject-verb combinations after both  just as  and  so . Using a  that  after  melting ice cubes  leaves us with only a noun.

3.   melting ice cubes   that do not cause a glass of water to overflow   ← This is a noun phrase.
4.   melting ice  cubes     do not cause  a glass of water to overflow   ← This is a subject-verb combination.

ExpertsGlobal5 · Answer

Dear Friends,

Here is a detailed explanation to this question-

Meaning is crucial to solving this problem: 
Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of the crucial part of this sentence is that in the same way that melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow, melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume.

Concepts tested here: Meaning + Comparisons + Idioms

• A comparison can only be made between similar elements.
• “as A + comma + so B” is an idiomatic construction, used to compare two elements; A and B must be comparable and parallel.
• "due to" is used to modify nouns and "because of" is used to modify verbs and clauses.

A:  This answer choice incorrectly compares “a glass of water that will not overflow due to melting ice cubes” to “melting sea ice”; the intended comparison is between “melting ice cubes” and “melting sea ice”. Further, Option A incorrectly uses the unidiomatic construction “like A + comma + so B”; please remember, “as A + comma + so B” is an idiomatic construction, used to compare two elements; A and B must be comparable and parallel. Additionally, Option A incorrectly modifies the verb phrase “will not overflow” with the phrase “due to melting ice cubes"; please remember, “due to” can only be used to modify nouns.

B:  This answer choice incorrectly compares the noun phrase “melting ice cubes that do not cause a glass of water to overflow” to the clause “melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume”; please remember, a comparison can only be made between similar elements. Further, Option B incorrectly uses the unidiomatic construction “like A + comma + so B”; please remember, “as A + comma + so B” is an idiomatic construction, used to compare two elements; A and B must be comparable and parallel.

C:  The sentence formed by this answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “a glass of water will not overflow because of melting ice cubes, so”; the omission of a comparison marker – such as “as” or “like” – illogically implies the   because   a glass of water will not overflow due to melting ice cubes, melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume; the intended meaning is that   in the same way that   melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow, melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume.

D:  This answer choice incorrectly compares the noun phrase “melting ice cubes that do not cause a glass of water to overflow” to the clause “melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume”; please remember, a comparison can only be made between similar elements.

E:   Correct.  This answer choice correctly compares the clauses “melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow” and “melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume”. Further, Option E maintains the idiomatic construction “as A + comma + so B"; this construction’s inclusion of the comparison marker “as” correctly conveys the intended meaning – that   in the same way that   melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow, melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume. Additionally, Option E avoids the error related to the use of “due to” seen in Option A, as it utilizes neither of these phrases.

Hence, E is the best answer choice.

All the best!
Experts' Global Team

christoph · Answer

E)..."just as...so" is the right idiom ! D) is out b/c its not parallel !

GMATT73 · Answer

As for comparing similiar actions. (E) Interesting sentence 8-)

nakib77 · Answer

Just as.........so is the structure.

so we have D and E. D is not ||
so E is the correct choice.

justchill · Answer

E is right. Correct idiom "just as .. so".

A/B/C wrong because they are not paralell. D is wrong.

prateekbhatt · Answer

"like" cant be used for example, "Such as" should be used instead.

kassim · Answer

Can someone highlight the parallel error in D please.

tedchou12 · Answer

But I think we should instead treat "that do not cause a glass of water to overflow" as an adverbial clause, thus D is without a verb.
Ted

prasi55 · Answer

Yes. The comparison is between two clauses/actions: Melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow. In the same way, melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume.

Consider this sentence: The flowers that are red look good. 
The "that" identifies a subset of all flowers--those that are red. 
So you can condense "that are red" and rephrase the sentence:
The   flowers look good.

In D, the "that" in "melting ice cubes that do not cause a glass of water to overflow" identifies a specific set of ice cubes  , so you can condense this portion and rewrite the sentence:
Just as X melting ice cubes, so melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume.

Thus, the portion before the comma is missing a verb.

kinjiGC · Answer

The idiom tested is " just as X so Y " or " as X so Y " -> both are correct. "Just like X so Y" is not correct.

Hence Option D) and E) remain.
(D) as melting ice cubes  that  do not cause a glass of water to overflow, ->  that is redundant and the sentence could be written as 
 as melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow -> Incorrect 
(E) as melting ice cubes do not cause a glass of water to overflow, ->  Correct

warriorsquared · Answer

I haven't seen the following splits mentioned in any explanations to this question. I'll lay out my thinking below - please double check my thinking to see if it makes sense.

When I went through this question, I noticed that the tense of the verb changes. In the Y portion of the "Just as X, so Y" construction, we are using a present tense ("...so melting sea ice does not increase..."). More importantly, this use of the simple present tense is meant to indicate that this is an "eternal" state. Thus, we need the X portion to represent an "eternal" state so that it's parallel in meaning. After all, the author is talking about general characteristics of melting water, not a specific incident.

With that thinking in mind, here's how I went through the answer choices:
(A) ...a glass of water that will not overflow... -- future tense is wrong
(B) ...melting ice cubes that do not cause a glass of water... -- simple present, looks fine
(C) ...a glass of water will not overflow... -- future tense is wrong
(D) ...melting ice cubes that do not casue... -- simple present, looks fine
(E) metling ice cubes do not cause... -- simple present, looks fine

The above split is just based on the verb and is meant to get the right meaning. There are other errors (e.g. "that") which I"m ignoring.

Let me know if the above makes sense

Thanks!

Javitxus · Answer

Hello guys!
It's my first post here so I hope I am asking in the right place...

I have seen this question on my diagnostic test and it was just one of the three that I failed in Sentence Correction.

But it was because there is something that I don't get to understand:

- I get the point that it should be E, but the problem with that answer is that it sounds better for me:

As melting ice cube does not cause a glass of water to overflow (and not "do not cause")

I think that 'melting ice cube' is third person... As I am not a native speaker I cannot fully understand the difference.

Thank you in advance!!

daagh · Answer

Javi
Hi
Please check again. It is the melting ice cubes (plural) in all the five choices. How did you get the singular melting cube?

Javitxus · Answer

Hi Daagh,
I have finally got the point.

I understood "melting ice cubes" as if the whole construction "melting ice cubes" was the subject (as, for example, in the sentence: "Being in silence is compulsory in this room"). Thus, I considered melting as a verb, and not as an adjective.

Problem solved!
Thanks Daagh

AnubhavK · Answer

"E" is the correct choice - just as.... so is the correctly used and parallel in the sentence.

Eliminate - A, B and C for not being parallel and D - 'that' is incorrectly used that violates parallelism.

CrackverbalGMAT · Answer

Here the question tests the idiomatic structure. The first point here is to notice ‘like’. 
 ‘Like’  signifies  similarity  and is  usually used before a noun.  
 ‘As’  means ‘the same’. It is  usually used before a clause.

So, we can  eliminate Options A, B, and C

Now, Option D uses ‘that’ which changes the meaning and does not maintain parallelism.

Option E is the best choice.

Hope this helps!

NeverEverGiveUp11 · Answer

Can D be rejected based on the reasoning that "Use of THAT (in this context) creates a subordinate clause and demands "comma+Independent clause", but the non-underlined portion doesn't suit this construction"?

If it were written: Just as melting ice cubes that do not cause a glass of water to overflow, melting sea ice does not increase oceanic volume. (I think this modified version would be correct)

Correct me if I am wrong.  hazelnut

It will not be possible to implicate melting sea ice in the coastal

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It will not be possible to implicate melting sea ice in the coastal

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