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15 Jun 2017, 03:13
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B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
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Question Stats:
85% (01:25) correct
15%
(01:48)
wrong
based on 725
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Several studies have shown that hospitals are not all equally successful: patients are much more likely to die in some of them than in others. Since the hospitals in the studies had approximately equal per-patient funding, differences in the quality of care provided by hospital staff are probably responsible for the differences in mortality rates.
Which one of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
(A) The staff in some of the hospitals studied had earned more advanced degrees, on average, than the staff in the other hospitals.
(B) Patient populations vary substantially in average severity of illness from hospital to hospital.
(C) The average number of years that staff members stay on at a given job varies considerably from one hospital to another.
(D) Approximately the same surgical procedures were performed in each of the hospitals covered in the studies.
(E) Mortality rates for hospital patients do not vary considerably from one region of the country to another.
Which one of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
(A) The staff in some of the hospitals studied had earned more advanced degrees, on average, than the staff in the other hospitals.
(B) Patient populations vary substantially in average severity of illness from hospital to hospital.
(C) The average number of years that staff members stay on at a given job varies considerably from one hospital to another.
(D) Approximately the same surgical procedures were performed in each of the hospitals covered in the studies.
(E) Mortality rates for hospital patients do not vary considerably from one region of the country to another.
15 Jun 2017, 04:13
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nguyendinhtuong
The Author assumes that people with the same degree of illness are treated in the hospitals mentioned in the argument.
B weakens the argument, by attacking that assumption.
A - Irrelevant to the argument.
C - Experience is not a factor in this argument.
D - Irrelevant, but maybe a trap answer, as it actually strengthens the author's argument.
E - Irrelevant
15 Jun 2017, 04:30
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nguyendinhtuong
...
What we need to focus on is finding an alternative to care quality for the difference in deaths among hospitals.
(A) The staff in some of the hospitals studied had earned more advanced degrees, on average, than the staff in the other hospitals.
Difference in degrees might/might not account for deaths. Definitely not a 100% valid reasoning.
(B) Patient populations vary substantially in average severity of illness from hospital to hospital.
This option looks good. More the average severity of the illness, more likely the increase in number of deaths. Another factor(other than care quality) found to be responsible for deaths.
(C) The average number of years that staff members stay on at a given job varies considerably from one hospital to another.
More or less same as (A). The difference in experience does not qualify as a reason for different no. of avg deaths. Maybe a 2 year experienced doctor is better than 10 year experienced one.
(D) Approximately the same surgical procedures were performed in each of the hospitals covered in the studies.
Does not impact the conclusion. If not, further validates a possible error assumption. Not weakening for sure.
(E) Mortality rates for hospital patients do not vary considerably from one region of the country to another.
eh! out of context!
