Last visit was: 19 Nov 2025, 00:50 It is currently 19 Nov 2025, 00:50
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
605-655 Level|   Parallelism|   Verb Tense/Form|               
User avatar
DmitryFarber
User avatar
Manhattan Prep Instructor
Joined: 22 Mar 2011
Last visit: 08 Nov 2025
Posts: 3,020
Own Kudos:
8,563
 [8]
Given Kudos: 57
Expert
Expert reply
GMAT Focus 1: 745 Q86 V90 DI85
Posts: 3,020
Kudos: 8,563
 [8]
6
Kudos
Add Kudos
2
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
CrackverbalGMAT
User avatar
Major Poster
Joined: 03 Oct 2013
Last visit: 16 Nov 2025
Posts: 4,844
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 225
Affiliations: CrackVerbal
Location: India
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 4,844
Kudos: 8,945
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
avatar
i256
Joined: 04 Jul 2017
Last visit: 01 Dec 2020
Posts: 23
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 34
Location: India
GMAT 1: 710 Q49 V38
GPA: 4
GMAT 1: 710 Q49 V38
Posts: 23
Kudos: 9
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
EducationAisle
Joined: 27 Mar 2010
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 3,891
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 159
Location: India
Schools: ISB
GPA: 3.31
Expert
Expert reply
Schools: ISB
Posts: 3,891
Kudos: 3,579
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
i.sukul
The 'of having' .... and then 'of using' seem like 2 separate events for the lawyer
Hi i.sukul, the use of then in fact prevents it from seeming like two separate independent events, since then establishes a chronological sequence between the two events.

From a grammar perspective, used would have been incorrect, because used would be parallel to suspected (both verbs). So, the meaning that would non-sensically be portrayed would be:

She suspected...and used...
avatar
i256
Joined: 04 Jul 2017
Last visit: 01 Dec 2020
Posts: 23
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 34
Location: India
GMAT 1: 710 Q49 V38
GPA: 4
GMAT 1: 710 Q49 V38
Posts: 23
Kudos: 9
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
EducationAisle
Understood, makes sense from a grammar perspective. Quick question on the meaning... doesn't the "suspicision" arise and happen at the same time? For both events described i.e.


Eg: He suspected them of looting his bank account and of using the money obtained to buy expensive cars.

Do correct me if I'm wrong.
User avatar
EducationAisle
Joined: 27 Mar 2010
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 3,891
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 159
Location: India
Schools: ISB
GPA: 3.31
Expert
Expert reply
Schools: ISB
Posts: 3,891
Kudos: 3,579
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
i.sukul
Eg: He suspected them of looting his bank account and of using the money obtained to buy expensive cars.
The use of then in the original sentence, in no way precludes the possibility that suspicion was for two things.

The use of then just attaches a chronology to the sequence of events that probably happened (as per her suspicion).
User avatar
harshbirajdar
Joined: 18 Feb 2018
Last visit: 05 Aug 2024
Posts: 67
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 322
Location: India
GMAT 1: 640 Q50 V26
GMAT 2: 690 Q49 V34
GMAT 3: 710 Q50 V36
GMAT 4: 700 Q49 V36
WE:Operations (Internet and New Media)
GMAT 4: 700 Q49 V36
Posts: 67
Kudos: 39
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Hey can someone please justify the usage of past perfect in answer choice D?
User avatar
SiddharthR
Joined: 22 Oct 2018
Last visit: 20 Feb 2022
Posts: 84
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 201
Location: United States (TX)
Concentration: Finance, Technology
GMAT 1: 590 Q42 V29
GMAT 2: 650 Q47 V33
GPA: 3.7
WE:Engineering (Consumer Electronics)
GMAT 2: 650 Q47 V33
Posts: 84
Kudos: 36
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
GMATNinja VeritasKarishma For this question, how do I know what parallel elements should the list start from ?

I made a mistake thinking both the parallel elements would start with a verb and picked A as the answer instead of D.
User avatar
EducationAisle
Joined: 27 Mar 2010
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 3,891
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 159
Location: India
Schools: ISB
GPA: 3.31
Expert
Expert reply
Schools: ISB
Posts: 3,891
Kudos: 3,579
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
harshbirajdar
Hey can someone please justify the usage of past perfect in answer choice D?
Hi harshbirajdar, past perfect is used to establish a chronological sequence (a time sequence) between two events, both of which happened in the past. In such a case, the event that happened earlier (in this case, police obtaining information) is expressed as past perfect.

For more clarity, you can watch our video on Past Perfect.
User avatar
KarishmaB
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 16,267
Own Kudos:
76,985
 [2]
Given Kudos: 482
Location: Pune, India
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 16,267
Kudos: 76,985
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
SiddharthR
GMATNinja VeritasKarishma For this question, how do I know what parallel elements should the list start from ?

I made a mistake thinking both the parallel elements would start with a verb and picked A as the answer instead of D.


The point is that logically which two actions should be parallel?

The lawyer for the defense
- "charged that she suspected the police of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client" - and then "used the information obtained to find evidence supporting their murder charges."

or

The lawyer for the defense charged that she
- "suspected the police of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client"
- and then "used the information obtained to find evidence supporting their murder charges."

or

The lawyer for the defense charged that she suspected the police
- "of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client"
- and then "of using the information obtained to find evidence supporting their murder charges."

When you use "used", you are putting charged/suspected parallel to used.
But that is incorrect, right? She suspected that the police illegally taped and then the police used th info to find evidence. So the parallel actions are "having taped" and "using info".
Since the sentence uses "of having", we need to use "of using" in (D).
User avatar
lakshya14
Joined: 31 Jan 2019
Last visit: 27 Jul 2022
Posts: 360
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 529
Posts: 360
Kudos: 45
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
In (D), the use of "had" for "using information" is used, whereas, the first action was taping her conversation. Is this correct? Or is it OK to use because with "and" a new sentence starts?
User avatar
svasan05
User avatar
CrackVerbal Representative
Joined: 02 Mar 2019
Last visit: 24 Feb 2023
Posts: 269
Own Kudos:
302
 [2]
Expert
Expert reply
Posts: 269
Kudos: 302
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
lakshya14
In (D), the use of "had" for "using information" is used, whereas, the first action was taping her conversation. Is this correct? Or is it OK to use because with "and" a new sentence starts?

Hi Laksya

The "had obtained" is part of the second clause of the sentence: "...and then of using the information they had obtained to find evidence that would support their murder charges".

The first action in this clause is "obtained" and the second action is "using". Therefore, the past perfect tense "had" is correctly used with the earlier action "obtained". Hope this clarifies.
User avatar
lakshya14
Joined: 31 Jan 2019
Last visit: 27 Jul 2022
Posts: 360
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 529
Posts: 360
Kudos: 45
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
svasan05
lakshya14
In (D), the use of "had" for "using information" is used, whereas, the first action was taping her conversation. Is this correct? Or is it OK to use because with "and" a new sentence starts?

Hi Laksya

The "had obtained" is part of the second clause of the sentence: "...and then of using the information they had obtained to find evidence that would support their murder charges".

The first action in this clause is "obtained" and the second action is "using". Therefore, the past perfect tense "had" is correctly used with the earlier action "obtained". Hope this clarifies.

Understood, but had there been no conjunction, would the use of "had" be justified?
User avatar
GMATNinja
User avatar
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
Joined: 13 Aug 2009
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 7,445
Own Kudos:
69,781
 [2]
Given Kudos: 2,060
Status: GMAT/GRE/LSAT tutors
Location: United States (CO)
GMAT 1: 780 Q51 V46
GMAT 2: 800 Q51 V51
GRE 1: Q170 V170
GRE 2: Q170 V170
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
GMAT 2: 800 Q51 V51
GRE 1: Q170 V170
GRE 2: Q170 V170
Posts: 7,445
Kudos: 69,781
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
lakshya14
svasan05
lakshya14
In (D), the use of "had" for "using information" is used, whereas, the first action was taping her conversation. Is this correct? Or is it OK to use because with "and" a new sentence starts?

Hi Laksya

The "had obtained" is part of the second clause of the sentence: "...and then of using the information they had obtained to find evidence that would support their murder charges".

The first action in this clause is "obtained" and the second action is "using". Therefore, the past perfect tense "had" is correctly used with the earlier action "obtained". Hope this clarifies.

Understood, but had there been no conjunction, would the use of "had" be justified?
Not sure if this helps, but notice that the "and" does NOT actually start a new, independent sentence in (D).

  • We have a parallel list here: "The lawyer charged that she suspected the police (1) of having illegally taped {...} and (2) (then) of using the information they had obtained {...}."
  • The second half of that parallel list is NOT a complete thought: "Then of using the information they had obtained to find evidence that would support their murder charges."

The timing of the events indeed justifies the use of the past perfect.
User avatar
Bambi2021
Joined: 13 Mar 2021
Last visit: 23 Dec 2021
Posts: 319
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 226
Posts: 319
Kudos: 136
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
DmitryFarber
Actually, taking another look here, I am quite convinced that D does not work! So maybe we didn't need to worry about which way your question went. ;)

As the first posters discussed, why would the lawyer suspect the police FIRST of one thing and THEN of another? It seems clear that the police did those things in sequence, not that the suspicions came in sequence.

Additionally, many of the little differences among the choices don't really have clear justifications. I'm going to call this one a fake and suggest we throw it out. If anyone has evidence that this is really from an official GMAT product, I'd like to compare to the original and see what went wrong.

Im completely with you on this one. The "of having" and "of using" parallelism is not justified. The lawyer simply suspected the police of one compounded action: to steal information and use it to their advantage. There is no need to think of this as separate illegal actions.

You dont get charged for both robbery and wasting the money you stole.

Posted from my mobile device
avatar
sidharth2412
Joined: 31 May 2020
Last visit: 07 Jul 2023
Posts: 17
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 26
GMAT 1: 640 Q49 V28
GMAT 1: 640 Q49 V28
Posts: 17
Kudos: 3
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
IMO D

Simply going by the meaning , police is charged of two things
1. Taping the conversations
2. using those conversations for suiting their propaganda

In D there are proper pronoun antecedents for 'They' and 'Their', and their is parallelism between the two verbs (Having taped and Using the info)
User avatar
Krishnahelps
Joined: 15 Nov 2020
Last visit: 10 Sep 2025
Posts: 134
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 1,686
Schools: ISB '27 (A)
Schools: ISB '27 (A)
Posts: 134
Kudos: 33
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Hi,

Can someone please explain how 'they had obtained' in option D is correct? I mean, how is the use of had justified here?

Thanks in advance.
User avatar
EducationAisle
Joined: 27 Mar 2010
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 3,891
Own Kudos:
3,579
 [1]
Given Kudos: 159
Location: India
Schools: ISB
GPA: 3.31
Expert
Expert reply
Schools: ISB
Posts: 3,891
Kudos: 3,579
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
ankitapugalia

Can someone please explain how 'they had obtained' in option D is correct? I mean, how is the use of had justified here?
Hi ankitapugalia, "had obtained" is (what's called) past perfect tense.

This tense is typically used to establish a "chronological" sequence (time sequence) between two events that happened in the past: the event that happened earlier in the past, is expressed as past perfect.

Here, following two events that happened in the past:

(i) Police obtained information (by illegal taping)

(ii) Police used that information to support murder charges

Since (i) obviously happened before (ii), event (i) is expressed as past perfect.

You can watch our video on Past Perfect.

p.s. Our book EducationAisle Sentence Correction Nirvana discusses Past perfect tense, its application and examples in significant detail. If you or someone is interested, PM me your email-id; I can mail the corresponding section.
User avatar
ligamenttears
Joined: 21 Jun 2016
Last visit: 14 Nov 2025
Posts: 34
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 33
Location: Austria
Schools: WBS CEIBS
GMAT 1: 660 Q46 V32
Schools: WBS CEIBS
GMAT 1: 660 Q46 V32
Posts: 34
Kudos: 7
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
How do I understand how and where parallelism begins in a sentence?

I thought "taped" and "used" is parallel and selected A as the answer. Further, "having illegally 1. taped and 2. used" seemed correct to me as far as meaning is concerned since the following action of "using the info" would be illegal as well.

Experts help?
User avatar
rocky620
User avatar
Retired Moderator
Joined: 10 Nov 2018
Last visit: 11 May 2023
Posts: 501
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 229
Location: India
Concentration: General Management, Strategy
GMAT 1: 590 Q49 V22
WE:Other (Retail: E-commerce)
GMAT 1: 590 Q49 V22
Posts: 501
Kudos: 607
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Dear Experts, AndrewN, EducationAisle, VeritasKarishma

What is wrong in the below interpretation of Option A:

1. The lawyer for the defense charged that she suspected the police of having illegally taped her confidential conversations with her client and then [of having] used the information obtained to find evidence supporting their murder charges.

Suspicion is about - Of having illegally taped and [Of having] used.

So, the verb used is parallel to the verb taped, and both have the subject THE POLICE. And the entire part after suspected would be the Object of the word suspected.
   1   2   3   
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7445 posts
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
234 posts
188 posts