Urban Planner's Claim: The city plans to reduce traffic congestion by implementing a carpooling initiative that encourages drivers to share rides by offering tax incentives. The plan is based on the assumption that by reducing the number of single-occupancy vehicles on the roads, overall traffic volume will decrease.
Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt regarding the effectiveness of the city's plan to decrease traffic congestion?
The answer is D;(A) Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.
But many driver ll prefer to have financial incentives so it ll surely decrease some congestion even if many drivers dont follow that.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
Still it will decrease the congestion. Small or large does not matter.
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
Not a related issue. No link to statement.
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
City is trying to solve a problem by financial incentive but that's not actually the real problem. As stated in D, the real problem is not individual cars but commercial vehicles.
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
Other traffic measures are not mentioned. Moreover, so cost ll be saved from reducing the congestion.