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12 Jul 2024, 04:59
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Question stem says that,
Plan is to reduce traffic congestion by implementing a carpooling initiative by offring tax incentives.
This will result in reduce of single-occupancy vehicles on the roads.
In this type of question, author assumes that no external factor will disrupt plan.
We need to weaken the plan.
Let's look at options,
(A) Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.
This is tempting choice. Even if there was tax break, drivers who prefer to travel alone might not use carpooling. Let's keep it for now.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
Plan is to reduce number of single occupancy vehilces. Even if it benefit higher-income drivers and leads to less participation among lower-income commuters, there will be still less single-occupancy vehicles. And a little bit out of topic. No mention of what is the population of higher-income or lower-income. Eliminate
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
If more public transportation systems are used, that's good. Goal is to reduce single-occupancy vehicles on road which will be achieved. It doesn't reduce effectiveness of the carpooling plan. Eliminate
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
Interesting choice. If goal is to reduce traffic congestion and plan was to use carpooling, the plan will not have much success as traffic congestion is due to external factor of commertical vehicles. This weaken the plan. Keep it
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
No mention of other traffic reduction measures. It doesn't directly challenge the effectiveness of the plan of carpooling. Eliminate
Between A and D, I feel D challenges plan more. Even if many drivers like to prefer privacy and might not use carpooling, there will be some who uses it. So, there will be still less traffic congestion. But in D, the whole plan falls apart as traffic congestion is related to commertical vehicles rather than cars so plan of carpooling have no effect.
Choose D.
Plan is to reduce traffic congestion by implementing a carpooling initiative by offring tax incentives.
This will result in reduce of single-occupancy vehicles on the roads.
In this type of question, author assumes that no external factor will disrupt plan.
We need to weaken the plan.
Let's look at options,
(A) Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.
This is tempting choice. Even if there was tax break, drivers who prefer to travel alone might not use carpooling. Let's keep it for now.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
Plan is to reduce number of single occupancy vehilces. Even if it benefit higher-income drivers and leads to less participation among lower-income commuters, there will be still less single-occupancy vehicles. And a little bit out of topic. No mention of what is the population of higher-income or lower-income. Eliminate
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
If more public transportation systems are used, that's good. Goal is to reduce single-occupancy vehicles on road which will be achieved. It doesn't reduce effectiveness of the carpooling plan. Eliminate
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
Interesting choice. If goal is to reduce traffic congestion and plan was to use carpooling, the plan will not have much success as traffic congestion is due to external factor of commertical vehicles. This weaken the plan. Keep it
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
No mention of other traffic reduction measures. It doesn't directly challenge the effectiveness of the plan of carpooling. Eliminate
Between A and D, I feel D challenges plan more. Even if many drivers like to prefer privacy and might not use carpooling, there will be some who uses it. So, there will be still less traffic congestion. But in D, the whole plan falls apart as traffic congestion is related to commertical vehicles rather than cars so plan of carpooling have no effect.
Choose D.
12 Jul 2024, 05:16
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Plan- is to reduce the number of single- occupancy vehicles
Goal- To reduce traffic congestion
Find the flaw in the plan.
(A) Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.
Bu may be some drivers will share rides for availaing tax incentives. Even if there is a slight reduction in traffic congestion, Our goal is achieved.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
Plan- is to reduce the number of single- occupancy vehicles, Goal- To reduce traffic congestion. We cannot assume that lower income commuters travel in single- occupancy vehicles. Also this does not address our goal of reducing traffic congestion.
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
Good for the Goal, but does not help in our plan to achieve the goal. A better plan does not highlight our plann is flawed.
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
If most traffic congestion is by these commercial vechiles, and they cannot realistically share vechile space. Than a call for to reduce the number of single- occupancy vehicles, will not help in achieving the objective of reduction in traffic congestion.
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
Not associated with our Goal, we are concerned with reducing the Traffic congestion and not saving tax revenue.
IMO D.
Goal- To reduce traffic congestion
Find the flaw in the plan.
(A) Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.
Bu may be some drivers will share rides for availaing tax incentives. Even if there is a slight reduction in traffic congestion, Our goal is achieved.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
Plan- is to reduce the number of single- occupancy vehicles, Goal- To reduce traffic congestion. We cannot assume that lower income commuters travel in single- occupancy vehicles. Also this does not address our goal of reducing traffic congestion.
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
Good for the Goal, but does not help in our plan to achieve the goal. A better plan does not highlight our plann is flawed.
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
If most traffic congestion is by these commercial vechiles, and they cannot realistically share vechile space. Than a call for to reduce the number of single- occupancy vehicles, will not help in achieving the objective of reduction in traffic congestion.
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
Not associated with our Goal, we are concerned with reducing the Traffic congestion and not saving tax revenue.
IMO D.
12 Jul 2024, 05:24
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(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
