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11 Jul 2024, 23:13
Kudos
Bookmarks
Quote:
(A) Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.
- This does raise a doubt, but even if a few drivers don't do this, the plan would be effective.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
- The income groups don't concern with this. We need info upon the overall plan's effectiveness including everyone.
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
- The carpooling still could be effective regardless of this.
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
- This is correct. If most of the traffic is actually due to commerical vehicles, this will mean the carpooling won't ve effective.
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
- This doesn't mean the carpooling itself won't be effective.
11 Jul 2024, 23:16
Kudos
Bookmarks
(A) Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.
This option directly challenges the effectiveness of the plan because it suggests that drivers' preferences for privacy and flexibility might override the incentives, leading to insufficient participation in the carpooling initiative.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
This option raises concerns about the inclusivity of the initiative but does not directly challenge the overall assumption that reducing single-occupancy vehicles will decrease traffic volume.
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
This option suggests an alternative to carpooling that might also reduce traffic but does not directly challenge the assumption about carpooling's potential impact on traffic volume.
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
This option directly challenges the assumption by indicating that carpooling will not address the primary source of traffic congestion, thus undermining the effectiveness of the plan.
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
This option raises a concern about the financial cost of the initiative but does not directly challenge the core assumption about its potential impact on traffic volume.
The correct answer is:
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
This option directly challenges the effectiveness of the plan because it suggests that drivers' preferences for privacy and flexibility might override the incentives, leading to insufficient participation in the carpooling initiative.
(B) The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.
This option raises concerns about the inclusivity of the initiative but does not directly challenge the overall assumption that reducing single-occupancy vehicles will decrease traffic volume.
(C) Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.
This option suggests an alternative to carpooling that might also reduce traffic but does not directly challenge the assumption about carpooling's potential impact on traffic volume.
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
This option directly challenges the assumption by indicating that carpooling will not address the primary source of traffic congestion, thus undermining the effectiveness of the plan.
(E) The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.
This option raises a concern about the financial cost of the initiative but does not directly challenge the core assumption about its potential impact on traffic volume.
The correct answer is:
(D) Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.
11 Jul 2024, 23:38
Kudos
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Bunuel
The goal of the city's carpooling initiative is to reduce traffic congestion by decreasing the number of single-occupancy vehicles on the road. To determine which option raises the most serious doubt about the effectiveness of this plan, we need to consider which factor would most directly undermine the basic assumption that reducing single-occupancy vehicles will alleviate traffic congestion.
Let's analyze each option:
(A) **Many drivers prefer to travel alone due to the flexibility and privacy it offers, even when financial incentives are offered for carpooling.**
- This option suggests that the carpooling initiative might not be very effective because many drivers may still prefer to drive alone despite the incentives. This directly affects the number of single-occupancy vehicles on the road and raises significant doubt about the plan’s effectiveness.
(B) **The tax incentives provided for carpooling are structured to disproportionately benefit higher-income drivers, potentially leading to less participation among lower-income commuters.**
- While this option points to a potential inequity in the plan, it does not directly challenge the assumption that reducing single-occupancy vehicles will decrease traffic congestion. It highlights a possible flaw in the incentive structure but does not suggest that the overall traffic volume would remain unchanged.
(C) **Public transportation systems are likely to see an increase in use due to higher awareness of environmental issues, regardless of the carpooling initiative.**
- This option indicates a potential positive shift towards public transportation but does not conflict with the plan to reduce single-occupancy vehicles. In fact, it could complement the carpooling initiative and contribute to reduced traffic congestion.
(D) **Most traffic congestion is due to commercial vehicles, which are not affected by carpooling incentives as they cannot realistically share vehicle space.**
- This option presents a significant doubt about the plan’s effectiveness. If most traffic congestion is caused by commercial vehicles, reducing single-occupancy private vehicles would not significantly impact the overall congestion. This directly challenges the core assumption of the plan.
(E) **The tax incentives for carpooling will initially cost the city a significant amount in lost tax revenue, which could have been used for other traffic reduction measures.**
- While this option highlights a financial concern, it does not directly question the assumption that carpooling will reduce traffic congestion. It suggests an opportunity cost but does not provide evidence that the carpooling initiative itself would be ineffective in reducing traffic.
Considering the options, the most serious doubt regarding the effectiveness of the city's plan is raised by option (D):
This is because it directly challenges the assumption that reducing the number of single-occupancy vehicles will significantly impact overall traffic congestion by indicating that commercial vehicles are the primary source of congestion, which the carpooling initiative does not address.
