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Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
65%
(hard)
Question Stats:
60% (01:52) correct
40%
(01:57)
wrong
based on 568
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Health official: Increasing the frequency of anti-smoking warnings may be ineffective. Aside from annoying the majority who do not smoke, it may weaken all anti-smoking messaging by leading people to believe that such warnings are needlessly stringent. Moreover, there is nothing to suggest that those who typically disregard anti-smoking messages will pay heed when the messages occur more frequently.
The two sections in boldface play which of the following roles in the public health official’s argument?
(A) The first is a conclusion for which support is provided, but it is not the main conclusion of the argument; the second is an unsupported premise that supports the main conclusion of the argument.
(B) The first is a premise that supports the argument’s only explicit conclusion; so is the second.
(C) The first is the only explicit conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise that supports that conclusion.
(D) The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second lends support to that conclusion and is itself a conclusion for which support is provided.
(E) The first is a premise that supports the only conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.
The two sections in boldface play which of the following roles in the public health official’s argument?
(A) The first is a conclusion for which support is provided, but it is not the main conclusion of the argument; the second is an unsupported premise that supports the main conclusion of the argument.
(B) The first is a premise that supports the argument’s only explicit conclusion; so is the second.
(C) The first is the only explicit conclusion of the argument; the second is a premise that supports that conclusion.
(D) The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second lends support to that conclusion and is itself a conclusion for which support is provided.
(E) The first is a premise that supports the only conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.
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02 Jul 2025, 08:30
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Experts' Global Explanation:
Strategy: Determining the main conclusion of the argument and finding the relation of the boldfaced portions with this conclusion
Logic: The argument is concerned with a health official’s position that increasing the frequency of anti-smoking warnings may be ineffective. The argument presents several predictions to support the position; one of the predictions is that increasing the frequency may, as the second boldface states, weaken all anti-smoking messaging. Considering these predictions, the argument concludes, as the first boldface states, that increasing the frequency of anti-smoking warnings may be ineffective. In the context of the main conclusion – the first boldface is the main conclusion; the second boldface is a prediction in support of the main conclusion.
Main conclusion: Increasing the frequency of anti-smoking warnings may be ineffective.
Broad expectation from the correct answer choice:
The first boldface is the main point/ conclusion/claim that the argument seeks to establish/support.
The second boldface is a prediction/opinion/judgment/possibility/consideration that the argument uses to establish/support the main conclusion.
A. Trap.
Merit(s):
The first boldface is duly supported in the argument; therefore, it is correct to state that “support is provided” to the first boldface.
The second boldface is a prediction that offers support to the conclusion but has no support for itself in the argument; therefore, it is correct to state that the second boldface is an “unsupported premise”.
The conclusion of the argument is supported by the second boldface; therefore, it is correct to state that the second boldface “supports the main conclusion of the argument”.
Demerit(s):
The first boldface is the main point that the argument makes and the argument makes only one such point; therefore, the first boldface is “the main conclusion of the argument” or “the conclusion” and not “a conclusion”; please note, the term “a conclusion” is used to indicate an intermediate/parallel/separate/supporting conclusion whereas the term “the conclusion” or “conclusion” is used to indicate the main conclusion.
Because this answer choice does not correctly highlight the roles played by the two portions in boldface, this answer choice is incorrect.
B.
Merit(s):
The second boldface is a prediction that the argument uses to establish its conclusion; therefore, it is correct to state that the second boldface is a “premise”.
The argument has only one conclusion and the conclusion is supported by the second boldface; therefore, it is correct to state that the second boldface “supports the argument’s only explicit conclusion”.
Demerit(s):
The first boldface is the main point that the argument makes; therefore, the first boldface is “the main conclusion” and not “a premise”.
The first boldface is the main point that the argument makes; therefore, the first boldface itself is “the conclusion” and it is incorrect to state that the first boldface “supports the argument’s only explicit conclusion”.
Because this answer choice does not correctly highlight the roles played by the two portions in boldface, this answer choice is incorrect.
C.
Merit(s):
The first boldface is the main point that the argument makes and the argument makes only one such point; therefore, it is correct to state that the first boldface is “the only explicit conclusion of the argument”.
The second boldface is a prediction that the argument uses to establish its conclusion; therefore, it is correct to state that the second boldface is a “premise”.
The argument uses the second boldface to establish its conclusion; the argument makes only one conclusion; therefore, it is correct to state that the second boldface “supports the only explicit conclusion of the argument”.
Demerit(s):
None
Because this answer choice correctly highlights the roles played by the two portions in boldface, this answer choice is correct.
D.
Merit(s):
The first boldface is the main point that the argument makes; therefore, it is correct to state that the first boldface is “the main conclusion of the argument”.
The argument’s main conclusion is supported by the second boldface; therefore, it is correct to state that the second boldface “lends support to the main conclusion of the argument”.
Demerit(s):
The second boldface is a prediction that the argument uses to establish its conclusion; therefore, the second boldface is a “premise” and not “a conclusion”; please note, the term “a conclusion” is used to indicate an intermediate/parallel/separate/supporting conclusion and the second boldface does not indicate any conclusion.
The second boldface has no support in the argument; therefore, it is incorrect to state that “support is provided” to the second boldface.
Because this answer choice does not correctly highlight the roles played by the two portions in boldface, this answer choice is incorrect.
E.
Merit(s):
None
Demerit(s):
The first boldface is the main point that the argument makes; therefore, the first boldface is “the main conclusion” and not “a premise”.
The first boldface is the main point that the argument makes and the argument makes only one such point; therefore, the first boldface itself is “the only conclusion” and it is incorrect to state that the first boldface “supports the only conclusion of the argument”.
The second boldface is a prediction that the argument uses to establish its conclusion; therefore, the second boldface is a “premise” and not “a conclusion”; please note, the term “a conclusion” is used to indicate an intermediate/parallel/separate/supporting conclusion and the second boldface does not indicate any conclusion.
Because this answer choice does not correctly highlight the roles played by the two portions in boldface, this answer choice is incorrect.
C is the best answer choice.
General Discussion
MaxFabianKirchner
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Schools: ESSEC MiF '26 ESADE HEC Imperial LBS Oxford MFE '26 Sloan (MIT) NYU Stern NUS Bocconi IE'26
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02 Jul 2025, 08:27
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First, we identify the main conclusion of the argument, which is the first sentence: "Increasing the frequency of anti-smoking warnings may be ineffective."
The first boldface section, "it may weaken all anti-smoking messaging," is an intermediate conclusion. It is supported by the reason that follows it ("by leading people to believe..."). This intermediate conclusion then serves as a premise for the main conclusion.
The second boldface section is part of a premise. The author states there is "nothing to suggest that" this idea is true, presenting this lack of evidence as a fact to support the main conclusion. This premise is not supported by any other information in the text.
Option (A) accurately describes these roles: The first part is a supported conclusion (but not the main one), and the second is an unsupported premise that supports the main conclusion.
The correct answer is (A).
The first boldface section, "it may weaken all anti-smoking messaging," is an intermediate conclusion. It is supported by the reason that follows it ("by leading people to believe..."). This intermediate conclusion then serves as a premise for the main conclusion.
The second boldface section is part of a premise. The author states there is "nothing to suggest that" this idea is true, presenting this lack of evidence as a fact to support the main conclusion. This premise is not supported by any other information in the text.
Option (A) accurately describes these roles: The first part is a supported conclusion (but not the main one), and the second is an unsupported premise that supports the main conclusion.
The correct answer is (A).
