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Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
43%
(02:13)
correct 57%
(02:08)
wrong
based on 152
sessions
History
Date
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Typical silt loam soil is comprised of approximately 50 percent soil particles, 25 percent water, and 25 percent air. Heavy farm equipment compacts the soil, significantly reducing the amount of air and water it can store and inhibiting the movement of air and water through the soil. Soil compaction reduces crop yields in several ways. It impedes root ponderation, reduces the amount of beneficial bacteria and fungi in the soil, increases the potential for runoff and soil erosion, reduces nutrient uptake, and stunts plant growth. To reduce soil compaction, farmers are advised to avoid trafficking on wet soil, avoid using oversized equipment, reduce axle loads, limit tilling, and increase the soil’s organic matter content.
In this passage, the bolded portions play which of the following roles?
A. The first states a conclusion; the second provides evidence to support that conclusion. B. The first states a problem, the effects of which are detailed in the second. C. The first states a conclusion that the second provides evidence to oppose. D. The first serves as an intermediate conclusion that supports a further conclusion stated in the second. E. The first offers a supposition that is countered by the guidance in the second.
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Originally posted by BongBideshini on 01 Jan 2024, 08:48.
Last edited by BongBideshini on 15 Apr 2025, 08:50, edited 1 time in total.
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A. The first states a conclusion; the second provides evidence to support that conclusion. -> Wrong, Because 1st bold is not a conclusion it is a fact, and 2nd boldface is not used to support the conclusion but rather it states the conclusion.
B. The first states a problem, the effects of which are detailed in the second. -> Wrong, 1st boldface states the problem, but the 2nd boldface is not the effect but rather how to resolve the problem
C. The first states a conclusion that the second provides evidence to oppose. -> Wrong 1st bold is not a conclusion, and 2nd boldface does not provide any evidence to oppose but rather states how to resolve the problem.
D. The first serves as an intermediate conclusion that supports a further conclusion stated in the second. ->Correct 1st bold boldface is an intermediate conclusion, and the conclusion (2nd bold) is drawn to address the 1st boldface point.
E. The first offers a supposition that is countered by the guidance in the second. -> Wrong 1st boldface is not a supposition (assumption), and 2nd boldface is not countering but rather stating a solution to resolve.
Please help with explanation. While the first is not a supposition, how is it an intermediate conclusion? It looks like a fact to me. For BF1 to be a conclusion, the premise should have been outside it.
This one doesn't work. There isn't even one conclusion, let alone two. For a statement in a CR argument to be a conclusion, it must be an opinion based on one or more premises in the argument. As Haffun pointed out, no premise is given to support the first bold, so it isn't a conclusion. It is presented as factual information with no basis within the argument, and in such cases we accept the given information as a premise.
As for the second bold, while it does seem to follow to some extent from what came before, it isn't really presented as a conclusion. First, it is presented as general advice that is given to farmers ("farmers are advised") rather than the opinion of the author (or any other particular party). Second, it isn't really building on the premises. They are almost entirely about what soil compaction is and why it's bad, while the second bold is providing advice about how to avoid compaction. While it's true that conclusions don't usually build perfectly on premises (that's where assumptions come in), this is too loosely connected to be a conclusion at all. Also, Role questions don't usually present arguments with clear flaws, since we aren't looking for assumptions in these cases.
In short, there's no valid answer here. B starts off well, but we'd need it to say that the second details potential solutions.
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