gourab1234
Hi GMATNinja Sir/
EGMAT,
In option D we have it has healed, is this correct use of present perfect tense. I have eliminated option D on the basis of that.Can you please explain on this. I am aware that resulting is incorrectly modifying the body's response to sunburn in option A.
Thanks and Regards,
gourab1234
Well, if a construction shows up in the correct answer, it has to be okay!

In this case, I'm guessing you were thrown off by the fact that it might not make sense to you to suggest that the action is ongoing into the present. It might help to consider another example:
When Lebron rolls an ankle during the regular season, he tends to go to the Bahamas until he has fully healed.
At first glance, you might think, "wait a second. Does this mean Lebron is still healing now?" Not exactly. First, note that we're talking about a general case. The sentence isn't conveying that Lebron actually suffered an injury, but that when he does, he will perform an action
until he's all better. In other words, Lebron's action begins in a hypothetical past -- when he got hurt -- and continues into a hypothetical present, namely, the moment when he's fully healed.
It's more or less the same thing in this question. The sentence isn't about a body that has actually suffered cuts and sprains, but rather, how the body reacts
generally in such circumstances.
This is all to say that when we're talking about a general case, or a hypothetical, the tenses of the verbs might seem a little funky. However, the real takeaway isn't about an esoteric usage of the perfect tense. Instead, the takeaway is that English is complicated, and when you see something that's a little confusing -- but that you're not 100% sure is wrong -- try to avoid using it as a decision point. As you noted, there are other concrete errors you can rely on here, and those are a better place to start.
I hope that clears things up a bit!