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16 Feb 2018, 14:20
Kudos
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In their search for Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala, archaeologists have been unable to utilize satellite imagery, which is taken by satellites that orbit 500 or more kilometers above the Earth's surface and cannot penetrate the dense tree canopy of the jungles. However, using new infrared imaging technology, which translates heat signatures into distinct colors, archaeologists have recently been able to discern some Mayan ruins in photographs taken from helicopters flown just above the tree canopy. If scientists can equip satellites with this new infrared imaging technology, the discovery of Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala will surely be expedited. The conclusion above logically depends on each of the following assumptions EXCEPT:
A. All of the Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala have not already been discovered.
B. The new infrared imaging technology is compatible with satellites currently used to photograph the Earth from space.
C. Some of the heat signatures of undiscovered Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala are different from those of the surrounding jungle.
D. The effectiveness of the new infrared imaging technology is not limited to photographs taken at heights just above the tree canopy.
E. Funds will be available to cover the cost of launching at least one satellite with the new infrared imaging technology into orbit.
A. All of the Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala have not already been discovered.
B. The new infrared imaging technology is compatible with satellites currently used to photograph the Earth from space.
C. Some of the heat signatures of undiscovered Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala are different from those of the surrounding jungle.
D. The effectiveness of the new infrared imaging technology is not limited to photographs taken at heights just above the tree canopy.
E. Funds will be available to cover the cost of launching at least one satellite with the new infrared imaging technology into orbit.
16 Feb 2018, 14:20
Kudos
Bookmarks
Official Solution:
In their search for Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala, archaeologists have been unable to utilize satellite imagery, which is taken by satellites that orbit 500 or more kilometers above the Earth's surface and cannot penetrate the dense tree canopy of the jungles. However, using new infrared imaging technology, which translates heat signatures into distinct colors, archaeologists have recently been able to discern some Mayan ruins in photographs taken from helicopters flown just above the tree canopy. If scientists can equip satellites with this new infrared imaging technology, the discovery of Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala will surely be expedited. The conclusion above logically depends on each of the following assumptions EXCEPT:
A. All of the Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala have not already been discovered.
B. The new infrared imaging technology is compatible with satellites currently used to photograph the Earth from space.
C. Some of the heat signatures of undiscovered Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala are different from those of the surrounding jungle.
D. The effectiveness of the new infrared imaging technology is not limited to photographs taken at heights just above the tree canopy.
E. Funds will be available to cover the cost of launching at least one satellite with the new infrared imaging technology into orbit.
The conclusion of this passage is clearly stated in the last sentence: "If scientists can equip satellites with this new infrared imaging technology, the discovery of Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala will surely be expedited." Why does the author believe that this will expedite the discovery of Mayan ruins
● Currently, satellite imagery, which is taken by satellites that orbit 500 or more kilometers above the Earth's surface, cannot penetrate the dense tree canopy of the jungles. We can infer that if satellite imagery could penetrate the canopy of the jungles, it WOULD expedite the discovery of Mayan ruins.
● We cannot currently use satellite imagery to expedite the discovery of Mayan ruins, BUT archaeologists have recently been able to discern Mayan ruins in photographs taken from helicopters flown ABOVE the canopy. This was done using new infrared imaging technology
● So, we can't use satellite imagery because it can't penetrate the canopy. Now we have new technology that can penetrate the canopy, at least from just above the canopy. Can that same technology be used to penetrate the canopy when used with satellites that orbit 500 or more kilometers above the Earth's surface
Drawing the author's conclusion from the information in the passage depends on each of the following assumptions EXCEPT (cross off any required assumptions)
If this is true, then there will be nothing left to discover, even if we can penetrate the canopy using satellite imagery. Thus, the discovery of Mayan ruins would not be expedited. (A) is a required assumption, so it can be eliminated.
At first, choice (B) sounds tempting. If the new technology isn't compatible with the satellites, how can we use it to take satellite images that penetrate the canopy? However, who says we need to use the satellites that are currently used to photograph the Earth from space? We might need to employ new/different satellites to take advantage of the new technology, but that would not conflict with the author's argument. Choice (B) is not a required assumption, so hang on to this one.
If the heat signatures of undiscovered Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala are NOT different from those of the surrounding jungle, then the "new infrared imaging technology, which translates heat signatures into distinct colors," will be useless in finding those ruins. Thus, choice (C) is a required assumption and should be eliminated.
If the effectiveness of the new technology IS limited to photographs taken from just above the canopy, then the technology will not help when used with satellites that take photos from 500+ kilometers above the Earth's surface. Choice (D) is a required assumption, so it should be eliminated.
The conclusion rests on the condition that "scientists can equip satellites with this new infrared imaging technology." However, just because they can equip satellites with the technology, doesn't mean they actually have the money to send such a satellite into orbit. If such funding is not available and we cannot actually launch the satellites with the new technology into orbit, then we won't be able to use those satellites to search for Mayan ruins. Choice (E) is a required assumption, so it should be eliminated.
All statements aside from choice (B) are required assumptions, so (B) is the best answer.
Answer: B
In their search for Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala, archaeologists have been unable to utilize satellite imagery, which is taken by satellites that orbit 500 or more kilometers above the Earth's surface and cannot penetrate the dense tree canopy of the jungles. However, using new infrared imaging technology, which translates heat signatures into distinct colors, archaeologists have recently been able to discern some Mayan ruins in photographs taken from helicopters flown just above the tree canopy. If scientists can equip satellites with this new infrared imaging technology, the discovery of Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala will surely be expedited. The conclusion above logically depends on each of the following assumptions EXCEPT:
A. All of the Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala have not already been discovered.
B. The new infrared imaging technology is compatible with satellites currently used to photograph the Earth from space.
C. Some of the heat signatures of undiscovered Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala are different from those of the surrounding jungle.
D. The effectiveness of the new infrared imaging technology is not limited to photographs taken at heights just above the tree canopy.
E. Funds will be available to cover the cost of launching at least one satellite with the new infrared imaging technology into orbit.
The conclusion of this passage is clearly stated in the last sentence: "If scientists can equip satellites with this new infrared imaging technology, the discovery of Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala will surely be expedited." Why does the author believe that this will expedite the discovery of Mayan ruins
● Currently, satellite imagery, which is taken by satellites that orbit 500 or more kilometers above the Earth's surface, cannot penetrate the dense tree canopy of the jungles. We can infer that if satellite imagery could penetrate the canopy of the jungles, it WOULD expedite the discovery of Mayan ruins.
● We cannot currently use satellite imagery to expedite the discovery of Mayan ruins, BUT archaeologists have recently been able to discern Mayan ruins in photographs taken from helicopters flown ABOVE the canopy. This was done using new infrared imaging technology
● So, we can't use satellite imagery because it can't penetrate the canopy. Now we have new technology that can penetrate the canopy, at least from just above the canopy. Can that same technology be used to penetrate the canopy when used with satellites that orbit 500 or more kilometers above the Earth's surface
Drawing the author's conclusion from the information in the passage depends on each of the following assumptions EXCEPT (cross off any required assumptions)
Quote:
If this is true, then there will be nothing left to discover, even if we can penetrate the canopy using satellite imagery. Thus, the discovery of Mayan ruins would not be expedited. (A) is a required assumption, so it can be eliminated.
Quote:
At first, choice (B) sounds tempting. If the new technology isn't compatible with the satellites, how can we use it to take satellite images that penetrate the canopy? However, who says we need to use the satellites that are currently used to photograph the Earth from space? We might need to employ new/different satellites to take advantage of the new technology, but that would not conflict with the author's argument. Choice (B) is not a required assumption, so hang on to this one.
Quote:
If the heat signatures of undiscovered Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala are NOT different from those of the surrounding jungle, then the "new infrared imaging technology, which translates heat signatures into distinct colors," will be useless in finding those ruins. Thus, choice (C) is a required assumption and should be eliminated.
Quote:
If the effectiveness of the new technology IS limited to photographs taken from just above the canopy, then the technology will not help when used with satellites that take photos from 500+ kilometers above the Earth's surface. Choice (D) is a required assumption, so it should be eliminated.
Quote:
The conclusion rests on the condition that "scientists can equip satellites with this new infrared imaging technology." However, just because they can equip satellites with the technology, doesn't mean they actually have the money to send such a satellite into orbit. If such funding is not available and we cannot actually launch the satellites with the new technology into orbit, then we won't be able to use those satellites to search for Mayan ruins. Choice (E) is a required assumption, so it should be eliminated.
All statements aside from choice (B) are required assumptions, so (B) is the best answer.
Answer: B
AdityaHongunti
20 Jul 2018, 04:02
Kudos
Bookmarks
I have a question here : how do you negate option A?
Original choice -
All of the Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala have not already been discovered.
Negation:
1. Some of the mayan ruins in the jungle of GUatemala have already been discovered.
2. All of the ...... HAVE already been discovered?
Which one is right?
If 1 is right then how does the negation break the conclusion?
chetan2u @
Original choice -
All of the Mayan ruins in the jungles of Guatemala have not already been discovered.
Negation:
1. Some of the mayan ruins in the jungle of GUatemala have already been discovered.
2. All of the ...... HAVE already been discovered?
Which one is right?
If 1 is right then how does the negation break the conclusion?
chetan2u @
