GHIBI
A 4-letter code word consists of letters A, B, and C. If the code includes all the three letters, how many such codes are possible?
A. 72
B. 48
C. 36
D. 24
E. 18
We are given three letters, A, B, and C, and we must create a four-letter code in which all three letters are used. So, one letter must be repeated. Thus, we have the following three options:
1) A-B-C-A (if A is repeated)
2) A-B-C-B (if B is repeated)
3) A-B-C-C (if C is repeated)
Let’s start with option 1:
We see that there are four total letters and two repeated As. Thus, that code can be selected in the following number of ways:
4!/2! = (4 x 3 x 2 x 1)/(2 x 1) = 4 x 3 = 12 ways
Since the second code, A-B-C-B, has two Bs rather than two As, we can create the second code in 12 ways. Likewise, since the third code, A-B-C-C, has two Cs rather than two As or two Bs, we can create the third code in 12 ways.
Thus, the code can be created in 12 + 12 + 12 = 36 ways.
Answer: C