A large number of educators surveyed view that higher education especially in technology subjects as Electronics and Civil Engineering is outdated at present but that they will or could be made appropriately contemporary in the near future.

A. that they will, or could,

B. that they would, or could,

C. it will be or could

D. believe that such education will be or can

E. believe that such education would or could

I feel this question tests meaning clarity and a little bit of pronoun-knowledge more than anything else.
MEANING: This sentence is conveying a concrete opinion formed by the educators. For the time-being, assume that the opinion were expressed in 1st person i.e.

"We view the system of higher education (SHE) as currently outdated. However, even though the SHE is indeed outdated at present (due to whatever shortcomings (inherent in SHE AND/OR some other non-inherent ones not addressed right NOW), we believe that the SHE can be improvised upon (at least by addressing the primary category of shortcomings i.e. the inherent ones), after which it will definitely be in a position to be reinforced in the near future (assuming an ideal state for implementation exists), and if not then (due to the other non-inherent shortcomings still present), then it CAN certainly be reinforced at some other point of time beyond this point in distant future (obviously once the other non-inherent issues are sorted out)

In summary, the intent of these educators in stating their opinion is clear. They are sure of the practicability of the SHE once ALL the limitations affecting it are ironed out, IT WILL WORK NO MATTER WHAT!!

Back to the answer choices..

A, B out as "they" inappropriately refers to the SHE, which is singular as we are talking about A SYSTEM. Also, if it were to refer to the only plural antecedent, educators, it would not make sense as people cannot be made contemporary. They themselves could exist as contemporaries of some other subject (person)..

C/D/E: The most debated...

C: Again pronoun issue. There is a clause/parallelism issue here also. Anyways, for those of us if pronoun/parallelism is baffling most of us, go back to the meaning....For a moment, if I were to wrongly assume that "it" does indeed refer to the SHE, then the sentence may be interpreted as...
"The educators view that even though the SHE IS currently outdated, the SHE WILL be reinforced in future (100% certainity of implementation), and if not then, then it COULD be reinforced (Uncertainity creeps in, opinion no longer remains concrete; as if the probability of the SHE getting reinforced in the distant future drops down just because it was not reinforced on the first attempt)...
D: Correct choice...Ably conveys intent of the sentence.
E: " Would" introduces an element of hope or a wish as if it were to convey that the educators desired that the SHE be reinforced in a contemporary sense. A wish cannot be an opinion.

Answer: D.

Answer IMO is E.

POE - A,B,C are wrong because of ambiguity of "it/they" with education and educators.

D is wrong because of "such education will be or can be made". Also the tense is wrong.

E is the only choice remaining, though iffy.

D seems best here : believe that such education will be or can


reasoning : i will rather keep a sentence which has a proper noun (such education) than a sentence which uses "pronoun" and there by creates ambiguity . D and E solves the issue by having a noun "such education" D is better than E as both "would" and "could" signifies future and hence are redundant at best. D on the other hand uses "will be" and "can be" which signifies "future" and "emphatic nature" of the statement !!

errors

A. that they will, or could,----------->"they" is wrong .seems to refer to "educator" when in fact it should be referring to "education"

B. that they would, or could,------------->"they" is wrong for the same reason as stated above .also "would and "could" are redundant as explained above

C. it will be or could ------------->"it" is wrong as it seems to refer to "A large number"

D. believe that such education will be or can-------------->correct !!

E. believe that such education would or could------------> "would" and "could" are wrong as explained above

E.


1. A large number of educators surveyed view that (considered all the educators)..... but believe that... SV agreement & parallelism
2. Would / Could ...they are not certain about their decision..so apt usage will be "would / could"
_________________

OA is 'D' will be or can be make correct parallelism and 'view that' and 'believe that' make correct parallelism.
In A and B 'they' is ambigious, in C 'that' should be present after 'but' to make parallelism with 'view that' and in E would or could be are not parallelism.

just to add this is not correct because "or" and "and" are parallel marker in which we see the parallelism from right to left so as long as "be" exist in the right hand side we do not need to repeat it, though doing so in not wrong .

Yes..I agree. But it creates ambiguity. Thought to add this in the explanation but still wrong parallelism is effective here to tackle the problem.

C is the correct one here.

A. that they will, or could,

B. that they would, or could,

C. it will be or could ---it represents correctly to "ENGINEERING " which is singular here.

D. believe that such education will be or can -- verbose

E. believe that such education would or could ---would and could are used when there is any prediction made. here the educators are believing and not predicting.

in fact i wanted to add one problem from OG but it is not handy with me at the moment . the point i wanted to stress with that problem is that in case a "tense change" is happening across "and" or "or" then we need to add (read it as MUST)that extra word ---->for instance have a look at this : it is AND will be .......----> here u need to add "is" as without "is" parallelism will be violated .

A,B have pronoun errors...they
C has pronoun number error it...

E uses incorrect tense. ..

D is the best choice among all the options. Will be is appropriate here since the sentence talks about the future

Posted from my mobile device

unfortunately this is not true . always remember that parallelism is always absolute !! . by this i mean that if something is put in parallel then the meaning derived from that construction is as per the parallelism
so C effectively becomes : A large number of educators surveyed view that higher education especially in technology subjects as Electronics and Civil Engineering is outdated at present but it will be or could.......----->by sheer "default parallelism" "it" refers to "A large number of educators" and hence is wrong !!


"verbose" does not necessarily mean wrong . sometimes succinct or terse sentences are in fact wrong

Thanks for the information. It is very useful. Actually option D should be 'will be or could be' or 'would be or can be'. I think only this will make sense.

anytime !!

Explanation- Cl1- A large number of educators view that
Cl2-higher education especially in technology subjects as Electronics and Civil Engineering is outdated at present
Cl3-but that they will or could be made appropriately contemporary in the near future.

A. that they will, or could,-- At the start of IC 'that'has no referent (logical). ''they'' should be ''it'' as the pronoun is referring to higher education.
B. Same error as A
C. Correct Ans- Pronoun ''it'' refers to higher education and there is a complete clause after BUT.
D. Believe that.... this has no noun referent like it they etc. (Noun/Pronoun is missing)
E. Same as D

I think it is D.
In options A and B, the antecedent of "They" cannot be "A number of educators". Also, we need to establish some parallel structure here. A large number of educators surveyed view that......and XYZ that....
In option C, a think we have a parallelism error. The phrase "that higher education" is not parallel to "it will be". We need to have "that" here.
Option D is correct. Parallel issue stated above is resolved. A large number of educators surveyed view that...and believe that. (Parallel). Also, will be and can be are in parallel.
In option E, we need to have will or can here..not would or could.

Hence option D seems the best fit.

Answer: C
A large number of educators surveyed view that higher education especially in technology subjects as Electronics and Civil Engineering is outdated at present but that they will or could be made appropriately contemporary in the near future.
C. it will be or could
"It" represents "higher education"
Consider singular and plural:
A & B: They - > only "technology subjects" is plural noun. But obviously the main subject here is "higher education", technology subjects such as ... is just example for higher education so this phrase can not be the next subject for the following sentence.
D & E: believe... who can believe? only educators can 'believe'. But the first sentence implies that educators only surveyed view (which means they carried out a survey on a view that), verb is "surveyed" and is in past tense. But both D & E have "believe" in simple tense -> unconvincing.
->> C correct

A large number of educators surveyed view that higher education especially in technology subjects as Electronics and Civil Engineering is outdated at present but that they will or could be made appropriately contemporary in the near future.

This sentence has one error: 1. They can't refer to singular Higher education.


A. that they will, or could, :They can't refer to singular Higher education.

B. that they would, or could, They can't refer to singular Higher education. Also, would or could is wrong.

C. it will be or could It is referring to higher education.Tense usage is correct. will or could shows both certainity and probability.

D. believe that such education will be or canno need to use believe, such education.Also, tense usage is wrong

E. believe that such education would or couldno need to use believe , such education. Also, tense usage is wrong

OA : C

I think E is the correct choice here. A possibility of improvement in near future has been expressed and use of could/would is appropriate. Use of "will be" and "can be" to define same thing is contradictory. we can say either improvement in near future "will be" made (definite outcome) or improvement in near future "can be" (possible outcome) made. use of both in same sentence is incorrect.

I choose E.

- The phrase "but that they will or could" refers to higher education so it should be in singular form -> eliminate A & B
- Because of parallelism, verb after "but" belongs to subject "A large number of educators". Thus, verb used here should be "believe" -> eliminate C
- The sentence talks about uncertain possibility in the future, so eliminate "will be or can" -> eliminate D