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01 Jan 2019, 23:34
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A recent study reveals that television advertising does not significantly affect children’s preferences for breakfast cereals. The study compared two groups of children. One group had not watched television, and the other group had watched average amounts of television and its advertising. Both groups strongly preferred the sugary cereals heavily advertised on television.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
(A) The preferences of children who do not watch television advertising are influenced by the preferences of children who watch the advertising.
(B) The preference for sweets is not a universal trait in humans and can be influenced by environmental factors such as television advertising.
(C) Most of the children in the group that had watched television were already familiar with the advertisements for these cereals.
(D) Both groups rejected cereals low in sugar even when these cereals were heavily advertised on television.
(E) Cereal preferences of adults who watch television are known to be significantly different from the cereal preferences of adults who do not watch television.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
(A) The preferences of children who do not watch television advertising are influenced by the preferences of children who watch the advertising.
(B) The preference for sweets is not a universal trait in humans and can be influenced by environmental factors such as television advertising.
(C) Most of the children in the group that had watched television were already familiar with the advertisements for these cereals.
(D) Both groups rejected cereals low in sugar even when these cereals were heavily advertised on television.
(E) Cereal preferences of adults who watch television are known to be significantly different from the cereal preferences of adults who do not watch television.
02 Jan 2019, 04:23
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A recent study reveals that television advertising does not significantly affect children’s preferences for breakfast cereals. The study compared two groups of children. One group had not watched television, and the other group had watched average amounts of television and its advertising. Both groups strongly preferred the sugary cereals heavily advertised on television.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
NEGATION OF CONCLUSION: television advertising significantly affects children’s preferences for breakfast cereals
We are looking to support this negated conclusion.
(A) The preferences of children who do not watch television advertising are influenced by the preferences of children who watch the advertising.
CORRECT. direct or indirect causes, the television ads did affect the choice of cereals.
(B) The preference for sweets is not a universal trait in humans and can be influenced by environmental factors such as television advertising.
INCORRECT. Both the groups chose the same type of cereals. But one group had watched ads and the other had not. So there was no way that majority of first group would have been stimulated to choose sugary cereals.
(C) Most of the children in the group that had watched television were already familiar with the advertisements for these cereals.
INCORRECT. This answer choice is limited to one group. Not the best choice.
(D) Both groups rejected cereals low in sugar even when these cereals were heavily advertised on television.
INCORRECT. It does not support our negated conclusion and says that preference of sugar is the factor rather than television advertising for children selecting cereals.
(E) Cereal preferences of adults who watch television are known to be significantly different from the cereal preferences of adults who do not watch television.
IRRELEVANT
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
NEGATION OF CONCLUSION: television advertising significantly affects children’s preferences for breakfast cereals
We are looking to support this negated conclusion.
(A) The preferences of children who do not watch television advertising are influenced by the preferences of children who watch the advertising.
CORRECT. direct or indirect causes, the television ads did affect the choice of cereals.
(B) The preference for sweets is not a universal trait in humans and can be influenced by environmental factors such as television advertising.
INCORRECT. Both the groups chose the same type of cereals. But one group had watched ads and the other had not. So there was no way that majority of first group would have been stimulated to choose sugary cereals.
(C) Most of the children in the group that had watched television were already familiar with the advertisements for these cereals.
INCORRECT. This answer choice is limited to one group. Not the best choice.
(D) Both groups rejected cereals low in sugar even when these cereals were heavily advertised on television.
INCORRECT. It does not support our negated conclusion and says that preference of sugar is the factor rather than television advertising for children selecting cereals.
(E) Cereal preferences of adults who watch television are known to be significantly different from the cereal preferences of adults who do not watch television.
IRRELEVANT
02 Jan 2019, 10:32
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(A) The preferences of children who do not watch television advertising are influenced by the preferences of children who watch the advertising.
: IMHO is correct, as it shows preferences of children who do not watch television advertising are dependent on preferences of children who watch television advertising so base on transitive relation preference of the former group depends on latter, hence conclusion is weaken
(B) The preference for sweets is not a universal trait in humans and can be influenced by environmental factors such as television advertising.
(C) Most of the children in the group that had watched television were already familiar with the advertisements for these cereals.
(D) Both groups rejected cereals low in sugar even when these cereals were heavily advertised on television.
(E) Cereal preferences of adults who watch television are known to be significantly different from the cereal preferences of adults who do not watch television.
: IMHO is correct, as it shows preferences of children who do not watch television advertising are dependent on preferences of children who watch television advertising so base on transitive relation preference of the former group depends on latter, hence conclusion is weaken
(B) The preference for sweets is not a universal trait in humans and can be influenced by environmental factors such as television advertising.
(C) Most of the children in the group that had watched television were already familiar with the advertisements for these cereals.
(D) Both groups rejected cereals low in sugar even when these cereals were heavily advertised on television.
(E) Cereal preferences of adults who watch television are known to be significantly different from the cereal preferences of adults who do not watch television.
