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leeye84
126. As envisioned by researchers, commercial farming of lobsters will enable fisheries to sell the shellfish year-round, taking advantage of off-season demand, standardize its sizes and colors, and to predict sales volume in advance.

(A) taking advantage of off-season demand, standardize
(B) taking advantage of off-season demand, to standardize
(C) taking advantage of off-season demand, standardizing
(D) take advantage of off-season demand, standardizing
(E) take advantage of off-season demand, to standardize

The question obviously tests for parallelism. Please explain.

Another B.
Parallel structures: enable to sell, to standardize, and to predict
the trick is "taking advantage". It is a gerund structure which describes the verb "sell".
- To sell how?
-Taking advantage of .....
When choosing among the answers first eliminate D and E, because "take" is not parallel to "to sell". Then realize that "taking" describes the infinitive "to sell" and then among A,B and C choose the one with "standardize" in the parallel form.


It is not really a gerund structure. It's a participial phrase.

Commercial farming of lobsters will enable fisheries to sell the shellfish year-round, taking advantage of off-season demand, to standardize its sizes and colors, and to predict sales volume in advance.

Absolutely, its a participial phrase. Option E is eliminated because "take advantage of off-season demand" is an independent clause. Two independent clauses connected with , will give run-on error. [/quote]
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Quote:
(B) taking advantage of off-season demand, to standardize

As envisioned by researchers, commercial farming of lobsters will enable fisheries to sell the shellfish year-round, taking advantage of off-season demand, to standardize its sizes and colors, and to predict sales volume in advance.

Sentence structure:

As envisioned by researchers, (modifier)
commercial farming (subject)
of lobsters (prepositional phrase modifying "farming")
will enable (verb)
fisheries (object of the sentence)
to sell the shellfish year-round (element 1 of parallelism)
, taking advantage of off-season demand, (action modifier modifying "to sell" thus stating the result of this action)
, to standardize its sizes (element 2 of parallelism) (its refers to "shellfish")
,and (parallel marker)
to predict sales volume in advance (element 3 of parallelism)

As we see all the subject verb pairs make sense and the modifiers are correctly placed

Note - we can have an action modifier placed in a parallel list of elements. X, action modifier, Y, and Z
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As envisioned by researchers, commercial farming of lobsters will enable fisheries to sell the shellfish year-round, taking advantage of off-season demand, standardize its sizes and colors, and to predict sales volume in advance.


(A) taking advantage of off-season demand, standardize

(B) taking advantage of off-season demand, to standardize

(C) taking advantage of off-season demand, standardizing

(D) take advantage of off-season demand, standardizing

(E) take advantage of off-season demand, to standardize

A, C, and D all break parallelism of "something its sizes, and to predict volume"

E incorrectly uses "take" tense

B resolves the parallelism issues of "to standardize and to predict", and the verb tense is kept as "taking"
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