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dcoolguy
Hello experts,

How to know Jane Austens is not a name rather a plural word referring to many people like jane austen.

I thought jane Austens is a name (single person), hence, i thought was is correct.

Hence as I remember, we use singular/plural for “X or Y” depending on whatever close to the verb,

No.?

Hello dcoolguy,

We hope this finds you well.

To clear up your doubt, you do not actually need to know that "Jane Austens" refers to people like Jane Austen; since "Brontë sisters" is a plural noun, the noun phrase "Jane Austens or Brontë sisters" must be plural.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
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dcoolguy
Hello experts,

How to know Jane Austens is not a name rather a plural word referring to many people like jane austen.

I thought jane Austens is a name (single person), hence, i thought was is correct.

Hence as I remember, we use singular/plural for “X or Y” depending on whatever close to the verb,

No.?
You can tell by noticing that the other choices mention "a Jane Austen" without an s added to "Austen."

After all, the probability that an SC question would mention in some choices a person named "Jane Austen" and in other choices a person named "Jane Austens" is basically zero.
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Is "there" a plural subject, in terms of GMAT english?
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Is "there" a plural subject, in terms of GMAT english?
"There" does not really have a singular/plural associated with it.

Both the following are correct:

There is one student in the class.

There are thirty students in the class.
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gagan0303
Is "there" a plural subject, in terms of GMAT english?
"There" does not really have a singular/plural associated with it.

Both the following are correct:

There is one student in the class.

There are thirty students in the class.

Then how can we justify the use of "were" in this question.
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Skywalker18 The idea here is that there was no one like Jane Austen or the Bronte sisters.

Hi - How can we know this for sure? Maybe intended meaning is that there wasn't the real Jane Austin nor the real Bronte sisters?
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Skywalker18 The idea here is that there was no one like Jane Austen or the Bronte sisters.

Hi - How can we know this for sure? Maybe intended meaning is that there wasn't the real Jane Austin nor the real Bronte sisters?

Hello stm579,

We hope this finds you well.

You might be overthinking the meaning here.

The intended meaning of a GMAT question is not likely to be something completely contradictory to fact; if a sentence formed by a particular answer choice implies that the country of Australia does not exist, or did not exist in the 1990s, we can understand that answer choice to be incorrect because the meaning conveyed through it is clearly illogical.

Further, in this context, suggesting that the real Jane Austin and Bronte sisters did not exist makes no sense, as it does not connect to the first clause in any way.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
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Skywalker18 The idea here is that there was no one like Jane Austen or the Bronte sisters.

Hi - How can we know this for sure? Maybe intended meaning is that there wasn't the real Jane Austin nor the real Bronte sisters?

Hello stm579,

We hope this finds you well.

You might be overthinking the meaning here.

The intended meaning of a GMAT question is not likely to be something completely contradictory to fact; if a sentence formed by a particular answer choice implies that the country of Australia does not exist, or did not exist in the 1990s, we can understand that answer choice to be incorrect because the meaning conveyed through it is clearly illogical.

Further, in this context, suggesting that the real Jane Austin and Bronte sisters did not exist makes no sense, as it does not connect to the first clause in any way.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team

Thanks! I don’t really know anything about the Brontë sisters etc but presumably they did exist… As a native speaker, A sounds like something we would say, but I picked C because the grammar in A seemed funny. So there we go

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DmitryFarber
Skywalker18 The idea here is that there was no one like Jane Austen or the Bronte sisters.

Hi - How can we know this for sure? Maybe intended meaning is that there wasn't the real Jane Austin nor the real Bronte sisters?

The GMAT doesn't get that silly. Besides, it doesn't make sense to say "Before X, there was no Y" if there was NEVER a Y. Imagine saying "Before I was born, there were no dragons." What a strange thing to say if there weren't any dragons after I was born, either . . .
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Dear Experts,

I read all comments here but I am still confused.

1) There was/were "X" or "Y". Does the sequence matter?
For example, There was/were no a dog or cats <--> There was/were no cats or dog

2) What is the difference between was not and was no
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Tanchat
Dear Experts,

I read all comments here but I am still confused.

1) There was/were "X" or "Y". Does the sequence matter?
For example, There was/were no a dog or cats <--> There was/were no cats or dog

2) What is the difference between was not and was no

Hello Tanchat,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, if a singular and plural noun are joined in such a construction, we need separate verbs for each and they will be connected by "nor" rather than "or".

For example, "There were no dogs nor was there a cat."

We hope this helps.
All the best!
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Tanchat
1) There was/were "X" or "Y". Does the sequence matter?
For example, There was/were no a dog or cats <--> There was/were no cats or dog

If X and Y are both singular or both plural, then there's no issue here. (If both are singular, "there was". If both are plural, "there were".)

Therefore, your question only applies to cases of "X or Y" in which X is singular but Y is plural, or vice versa.
The choice between singular and plural verbs for such cases is an unresolved issue—there's no consensus on how to make that choice.
(One convention that's often used is to make the verb agree with whichever noun is closest. So, if X is singular but Y is plural, this convention would dictate "There is/was X or Y" or "X or Y are/were...".)

In any case, the thing that's actually important for you to know here is that the GMAT ••WILL NOT TEST•• singular/plural agreement with "X or Y" with one singular noun and one plural noun. They CAN'T test this, because there isn't even an agreed way to do it!
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ExpertsGlobal5
To answer your query, if a singular and plural noun are joined in such a construction, we need separate verbs for each and they will be connected by "nor" rather than "or".

This is not true. Sentences such as
Socializing can be difficult for a man his age with no wife or children
or
There is no wife or children in that man's life
are valid.

If a compound of singular OR plural is the subject of a verb, then, as explained in the post above this one, there's no consensus rule—but the whole x OR y can certainly still be the subject of one verb. (The only thing that really matters about this topic for GMAT purposes is that it won't be tested.)
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Tanchat
1) There was/were "X" or "Y". Does the sequence matter?
For example, There was/were no a dog or cats <--> There was/were no cats or dog

If X and Y are both singular or both plural, then there's no issue here. (If both are singular, "there was". If both are plural, "there were".)

Therefore, your question only applies to cases of "X or Y" in which X is singular but Y is plural, or vice versa.
The choice between singular and plural verbs for such cases is an unresolved issue—there's no consensus on how to make that choice.
(One convention that's often used is to make the verb agree with whichever noun is closest. So, if X is singular but Y is plural, this convention would dictate "There is/was X or Y" or "X or Y are/were...".)

In any case, the thing that's actually important for you to know here is that the GMAT ••WILL NOT TEST•• singular/plural agreement with "X or Y" with one singular noun and one plural noun. They CAN'T test this, because there isn't even an agreed way to do it!


RonTargetTestPrep - the manhattan SC guide clearly says that
- Either X or Y (is/are) good

If Y is singular = use "is"
If Y is plural == use "are"

If now you are saying, the GMAT doesnt test this -- how do you eliminate the answer choices in this question ?
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Tanchat
2) What is the difference between was not and was no



"Was/is NOT xxxx" is a simple, perfectly literal "no" answer to whether a certain individual is identified correctly as 'xxxx'.

So, for instance,
She's not Einstein / He's not Einstein
is a true statement for absolutely every single living person on earth (if we assume that "Einstein" means the early-20th-century scientist Albert Einstein). Only one person in human history WAS, in fact, Albert Einstein, and that individual is no longer alive.


"Was/is NO xxxx". on the other hand, is a metaphorical statement. It means that somebody lacks a certain quality, or set of qualities, that 'xxxx' has or had.
For this type of construction to make sense, the trait(s) that form the basis of the metaphor must be either /1/ universally known throughout the speaker's/writer's and listener's/reader's culture(s), or /2/ made perfectly clear by the surrounding context.

E.g.,
She's no Einstein / He's no Einstein
is a way of saying that somebody isn't very intelligent or insightful. This metaphor depends on the notion that Albert Einstein was a brilliant, insightful, and original thinker, which is something that basically every single English speaker in the world will have encountered.

In this example, the meaning of the metaphor is clear in context. Even if you're not well versed in female authors of English literature, the context here makes it clear, by drawing a contrast with aristocrats, that "Jane Austen" / "Brontë sisters" means writers of modest means and/or writers without a royal/aristocratic pedigree.



It would be pretty silly to write that writers in France were NOT Jane Austen or the Brontë sisters, because only Jane Austen was Jane Austen and only the Brontë sisters were the Brontë sisters. 😂
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jabhatta2
If now you are saying, the GMAT doesnt test this -- how do you eliminate the answer choices in this question ?


• "Not" can't idiomatically combine with "nor", so C is gone.


• If BOTH "X" and "Y" are ABSENT/FALSE, then you can write any of these:
neither X nor Y
not X and not Y
no X and no Y
no X or Y
.

"No X or no Y" is a totally different, and much weaker, statement—declaring only that we don't have both of these things.

You shouldn't have to memorize any of these, by the way. These are perfectly literal use cases of Boolean-type logic; they work EXACTLY like their counterparts in the Quant section.
If you don't understand anything about the above statements, try making up Quant cases of them. E.g., you'll probably understand that these are the same...
The integer x is not prime and not even.
The integer x is not prime or even.
The integer x is neither prime nor even.

...and that "The integer x is not prime OR not even" is quite different from all of these.



• B/C/D use "was not", which, as explained above, is a literal statement of "this is not a correct identification of xxxx person"—a nonsense meaning in this context.

NOTE: This kind of nuanced, heavily specialized distinction in idiomatic usage won't be tested on the current version of the GMAT either.
Most of the SC problems in the "advanced questions" book were written 20 or more years ago, when an overwhelming majority of GMAT test takers were still native English users from the United States. Among that pool, this type of thing can make valid distinctions at top levels of performance.
Such nuances VERY clearly bias the test against international test takers, however. Between 20 and 10 years ago, GMAT SC was overhauled in ways that ensured the statistically fair treatment of students from all major linguistic backgrounds. In other words, the test was revised so that it does NOT favor (or disfavor) ANY linguistic demographic, including first-language users of English.
Among many many many other things, meeting this goal implies that SC problems must not depend on advanced/nuanced distinctions in memorized idiomatic usage, such as that between the metaphorical statement She was no Jane Austen and the perfectly literal Boolean negation She was not Jane Austen.
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jabhatta2
If now you are saying, the GMAT doesnt test this -- how do you eliminate the answer choices in this question ?


• "Not" can't idiomatically combine with "nor", so C is gone.


• If BOTH "X" and "Y" are ABSENT/FALSE, then you can write any of these:
neither X nor Y
not X and not Y
no X and no Y
no X or Y
.

"No X or no Y" is a totally different, and much weaker, statement—declaring only that we don't have both of these things.

You shouldn't have to memorize any of these, by the way. These are perfectly literal use cases of Boolean-type logic; they work EXACTLY like their counterparts in the Quant section.
If you don't understand anything about the above statements, try making up Quant cases of them. E.g., you'll probably understand that these are the same...
The integer x is not prime and not even.
The integer x is not prime or even.
The integer x is neither prime nor even.

...and that "The integer x is not prime OR not even" is quite different from all of these.



• B/C/D use "was not", which, as explained above, is a literal statement of "this is not a correct identification of xxxx person"—a nonsense meaning in this context.

NOTE: This kind of nuanced, heavily specialized distinction in idiomatic usage won't be tested on the current version of the GMAT either.
Most of the SC problems in the "advanced questions" book were written 20 or more years ago, when an overwhelming majority of GMAT test takers were still native English users from the United States. Among that pool, this type of thing can make valid distinctions at top levels of performance.
Such nuances VERY clearly bias the test against international test takers, however. Between 20 and 10 years ago, GMAT SC was overhauled in ways that ensured the statistically fair treatment of students from all major linguistic backgrounds. In other words, the test was revised so that it does NOT favor (or disfavor) ANY linguistic demographic, including first-language users of English.
Among many many many other things, meeting this goal implies that SC problems must not depend on advanced/nuanced distinctions in memorized idiomatic usage, such as that between the metaphorical statement She was no Jane Austen and the perfectly literal Boolean negation She was not Jane Austen.

RonTargetTestPrep

Thus, if I have limited time, I may need to focus on both Verbal review and OG rather than Advanced questions book, right?
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