Choice is between D and E. I went with D but not sure why E has been given as an OA.

Experts please help !!
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We have to bring the reason for no sense of smell, hence using since should be the right answer.

B is not correct. Meaning change and llism error.
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In later part of sentence it is clearly written.." they have no.. so it should be these animals to correspond to "they"

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Bottle-nosed dolphins have a highly developed sense of taste, enabling them to detect various chemicals in the water, however, since this animal has no olfactory lobe, they apparently have no sense of smell.

a) since this animal has :S-V agreement issue
b) these animals have. :- "without since : this animal has no olfactory lobe, they apparently have no sense of smell. it's a run-on sentence, also to reason this - they apparently have no sense of smell, You need "since"


c) those animals have. Same as B
d) since these animals have.
e) since the dolphin has Subject verb agreement issue.

Bottle-nosed dolphins have a highly developed sense of taste, enabling them to detect various chemicals in the water, however, since this animal has no olfactory lobe, they apparently have no sense of smell.

1)"Bottle-nosed dolphins" is a plural subject and has a plural verb "have".
2) The verb-ing modifier modifies the entire previous clause i.e. it is an action modifier in this case. Because bottle-nosed dolphins have a highly developed sense of taste, they can detect various chemicals in the water.
3) "However" is a contrast word and "since" is a reasoning word. So in this sentence both are used together that means we have a contrast as well as a reason coming up.
4) Also the pronoun "this" is not correct as the noun it refers to is plural and not singular.


a) since this animal has
b) these animals have.
c) those animals have.
d) since these animals have.
e) since the dolphin has

Bottle-nosed dolphins have a highly developed sense of taste, enabling them to detect various chemicals in the water, however, since this animal has no olfactory lobe, they apparently have no sense of smell.

A) since this animal has
B) these animals have
C) those animals have
D) since these animals have
E since the dolphin has


The subject- “Bottle-nosed dolphins” and the plural pronoun “they” in the non-undelined part give us enough clue that the underlined part should contain a plural subject. Eliminate A and E.

As we are talking about the reason why they have no sense of smell, we need to use “since”. Eliminate options B and C.

Bottle-nosed dolphins have a highly developed sense of taste, enabling them to detect various chemicals in the water, however, since these animals have
no olfactory lobe, they apparently have no sense of smell.
Option D is correct.
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