Competitive figure skaters are judged by panels of up to nine judges, who use a numerical scale with the highest mark being 6. To arrive at a total score, all judges’ marks are summed. Competitive divers are judged by panels of five or seven judges using a scale with 10 as the highest mark. Before all judges’ marks are summed to a final score, however, the highest and lowest marks are discarded in order to eliminate the possibility of bias either in favor of or against a particular diver. Competitive figure skating should adopt the approach taken in diving because it is a fairer system.
Which one of the following can be inferred from the passage above?
(A) There is wider disagreement among figure skating judges than among diving judges.
(B) Currently, there is a greater possibility of bias in the scoring process for competitive figure skating than in that for diving.
(C) It is more likely that a diver will receive a biased total score than that a skater will.
(D) It is fairer to judge a competitor on a 10-point scale than a 6-point scale.
(E) Without the discarding of highest and lowest marks, diving would be more vulnerable to bias than figure skating.
Source : LSAT PrepTest February 1997
To make an inference, assume all the statements in the stimulus are true, and look for one that must be true as a consequence.
This is one of those rare Inference questions based on an argument instead of a set of premises. Figure skating should adopt diving’s fairer scoring system. How come? Because diving knocks off the top and bottom scores from judges in order to eliminate bias (that is, the bias of a judge who might seek artificially to boost or damage a diver’s score). Since diving takes steps to eliminate the extreme scores, while figure skating just adds all scores up, there must be more room within figure skating to admit the bias an extreme score might represent. That’s exactly what correct choice (B) says.
(A) No inference can be made about relative levels of disagreement. If all judges agree, then their individual scores will be close together, and that’s fine. The issue is, rather, what happens if most scores are quite close but one maverick decides, through bias, to buck the trend.
(C) is a 180. The author clearly feels that diving scores offer less room for bias than figure skating scores. That’s why she wants the latter to adopt the system of the former.
(D) focuses on irrelevant details—details included, frankly, largely to support wrong choice (D). The six- and ten-point details, introduced in passing, aren’t material to any correction for bias.
(E) goes too far. If the omission of outlying scores were discontinued, at most we could infer that diving would be as vulnerable to bias as skating currently is. There’s no grounds for believing it would be more so.