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705-805 Level|   Inference|   Must be True|                  
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avigutman
Roy867
I chose (E) but realised 2 mistakes.

1. 'high degree accord' is not same as 'unanimous'
- The argument says a 'high degree of both international accord'. It can be 80%, it can be 90% but doesn't say it has to be completely unanimous.

2. Inference questions require something to be inferred.
- In E we can't infer that ' international opinion must be unanimous '. Even if it was written in argument, we can't infer the same thing.

Roy867 Please also note that E is talking about what's necessary for a blockade to be successful, whereas the text only discusses what's necessary for an embargo to be successful.

I think most people are confusing
- embargos
For
- blockades

Given the words are inter-changeable, i was confusing the two.

I was thinking the requirements for a succesful embargo are the same requirements for a succesful blockade - you need a high degree of international accord in both cases

In fact - the text doesnt mention anyhting about what it takes to have a succesfful blockade

Hence
Quote:
(option E variant # 1) For a blockade of Patria's ports to be successful, international opinion must be unanimous have high international accord = this variant of option E, would be wrong as well as we are not told anything about what it takes to have a succesfful blockade

(option E variant # 2) For a embargo blockade of Patria's ports to be successful, international opinion must have high international accord = this 2nd variant of option E would be right

Quote:
option C variant #1 ) A naval blockade of Patria's ports would ensure that no goods enter or leave Patria == well, a succesful blockade may or may not. We are not told anything about succesful blockades, we are told about succesful embargos

option C variant #2) A naval succesful embargo of Patria's ports would ensure that no goods enter or leave Patria == for a succesful embargo, you need "high degree" of blockage. The blockage doesnt have to be 100 %. Hence wrong.

option C variant #3) A naval succesful embargo of Patria's ports would ensure MOST goods do not enter or leave Patria == i think this is inferable
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^^ now according to option D -- all four attempts (A,B,C and D) are destined to fail (atleast per my understanding of option D)

However - i dont think its accurate to infer ALL 4 attempts will definitely fail.

Maybe during attempt # C in 2020 -- condition # 3 DID NOT lead to condition # 1 failing

Remember condition # 3 DOES NOT ALWAYS LEAD to condition # 1 failing.

So maybe Attempt # C in 2020 succeeded.
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jabhatta2
^^ now according to option D -- all four attempts (A,B,C and D) are destined to fail (atleast per my understanding of option D)

However - i dont think its accurate to infer ALL 4 attempts will definitely fail.
Please spot the difference and articulate the different meanings of these:
(D_Original) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
(D_Variation) Any trade embargo against Patria must fail.
I suspect that you interpreted D_Original as D_Variation, jabhatta2.
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jabhatta2
^^ now according to option D -- all four attempts (A,B,C and D) are destined to fail (atleast per my understanding of option D)

However - i dont think its accurate to infer ALL 4 attempts will definitely fail.
Please spot the difference and articulate the different meanings of these:
(D_Original) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
(D_Variation) Any trade embargo against Patria must fail.
I suspect that you interpreted D_Original as D_Variation, jabhatta2.

Here is response

Lets say there were a grand total of 4 attempts (attempt a | attempt b | attempt c | attempt d ) for a patria embargo

(D original)
Quote:
Regarding the 4 attempts
i) In all four attempts, there is a possibility of failure in any attempt
ii) Does that mean, at least one attempt failed ? no.
---> in fact, maybe all 4 attempts were successful
---> maybe all 4 attempts failed.

Bottom line -- in all 4 attempts; there is possibility of failure in every case.

However we dont know the actual result of attempt # 1 , attempt # 2, attempt # 3 and/or attempt # 4



(D variation)
Quote:
between attempt a | attempt b | attempt c | attempt d --> all 4 occasions -- the embargo will fail, all 4 times.
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When i wrote the original question - i think below my difficulty in expounding on the difference between these two

Quote:
(D_Original) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
(D_Variat 2) Every trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
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jabhatta2
When i wrote the original question - i think below my difficulty in expounding on the difference between these two

Quote:
(D_Original) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
(D_Variat 2) Every trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.

D_Variat 2 is a correct rephrase of D_Original, jabhatta2.
Please let me know if you're still struggling to see how (D) is supported by the information provided.
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jabhatta2
avigutman
jabhatta2
^^ now according to option D -- all four attempts (A,B,C and D) are destined to fail (atleast per my understanding of option D)

However - i dont think its accurate to infer ALL 4 attempts will definitely fail.
Please spot the difference and articulate the different meanings of these:
(D_Original) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.
(D_Variation) Any trade embargo against Patria must fail.
I suspect that you interpreted D_Original as D_Variation, jabhatta2.

Here is response

Lets say there were a grand total of 4 attempts (attempt a | attempt b | attempt c | attempt d ) for a patria embargo

(D original)
Quote:
Regarding the 4 attempts
i) In all four attempts, there is a possibility of failure in any attempt
ii) Does that mean, at least one attempt failed ? no.
---> in fact, maybe all 4 attempts were successful
---> maybe all 4 attempts failed.

Bottom line -- in all 4 attempts; there is possibility of failure in every case.

However we dont know the actual result of attempt # 1 , attempt # 2, attempt # 3 and/or attempt # 4



(D variation)
Quote:
between attempt a | attempt b | attempt c | attempt d --> all 4 occasions -- the embargo will fail, all 4 times.

jabhatta2 "likely" is stronger than "there is a possibility" but not as strong as "must".
So D_Original makes the claim that every attempt of an embargo will probably fail.
By contrast, D_Variation makes the claim that every attempt of an embargo will definitely fail.
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avigutman KarishmaB not clear on why not E? is there a difference between unanimous and accord and what is that? how is E against the passage (OG)? Is it wrong because of difference between unanimous and accord? as per me unanimous is a neutral word meaning collective vs accord is positive - harmony -- pls confirm this too and its impact
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Elite097
avigutman KarishmaB not clear on why not E? is there a difference between unanimous and accord and what is that? how is E against the passage (OG)? Is it wrong because of difference between unanimous and accord? as per me unanimous is a neutral word meaning collective vs accord is positive - harmony -- pls confirm this too and its impact
First, take a close look at the question stem, Elite097:
Quote:
The claims above, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?
With a question like that, we're looking for an answer that all the claims, when synthesized together, lead to. The overarching subject of the claims above is an embargo, not a blockade.
On top of that, (E) is just describing a necessary condition for a blockade of Patria's ports to be successful, and none of the claims above touches on what makes for a successful blockade! One of the claims above describes a necessary condition for an embargo against Patria, but we can't conclude from that ANYTHING about what's necessary for a successful blockade of Patria's ports.
So, if we're looking at the definitions of international accord vs. unanimous international opinion, we've already lost.
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­AjiteshArun
The mistake I made in this Q is assume the line - That Patricia's port can be blocked as a premise and then added tat if the second condition is fulfilled by choosing option B then embargo is possible.

Can you explain how to avoid this mistake?
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TWO NECESSARY CONDITION FOR EMBARGO IS LIKELY CONTRADICTORY SO ITS LIKELY TO FAIL
WinWinMBA
For a trade embargo against a particular country to succeed, a high degree of both international accord and ability to prevent goods from entering or leaving that country must be sustained. A total blockade of Patria's ports is necessary to an embargo, but such an action would be likely to cause international discord over the embargo.

The claims above, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?


(A) The balance of opinion is likely to favor Patria in the event of a blockade.

(B) As long as international opinion is unanimously against Patria, a trade embargo is likely to succeed.

(C) A naval blockade of Patria's ports would ensure that no goods enter or leave Patria.

(D) Any trade embargo against Patria would be likely to fail at some time.

(E) For a blockade of Patria's ports to be successful, international opinion must be unanimous.
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