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Option B is the correct answer.

Lets understand the information mentioned in the question before trying to solve for the answer.

So the question starts by telling us that "Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test". Then it tells us that their average score is 90 and asks us "whether the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores".

From the above information we can calculate the average of Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen = 30

Now lets look at the given statements and see if we can find our answer from them or not.

Statement 1: "Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score". This statement tells us that Yuki score 20 more than Stephen which means if Stephen has scored10 then Yuki score 30 or if Stephen has scored 15 then Yuki score 35 and so on. But from here we will not get confirmed answer as lets suppose if Stephen scores 10 marks on the exam then Yuki's score will be 30 marks which would mean that Jacob's score will be 50 marks which would result in Median being equal to the Mean. But if lets say Stephen score 25 marks on the exam then Yuki's score will be 45 marks which would mean that Jacob's score will be 20 marks which would result in Median being less than Mean. So from these two cases only we could say that this statement is Not Sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2: "Jacob's score was 30". This statement tells us that Jacob scored 30 marks on the exam which would mean that the combined marks of Yuki and Stephen is 60 which they can distribute either equally or unequally. Lets say Stephen score 10 marks which would mean that Yuki scored 50 marks and in this case the Median will be 30 which is equal to the Mean. Lets take another value, Stephen scored 25 marks on the exam then Yuki must have scored 45 marks on the exam this case will also result in Median being equal to 30 which is equal to the Mean. We can try n number of cases and will always get the same answer in this. So we can say that this statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

As checked above Statement 2 alone is sufficient to answer the question so Option B is our answer.

Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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90/3 = an average of 30
our task is to determine if the median = 30

statement 1 tells us:
Y +S + J = 90
Y = S +20; so, [S+20] + S + J = 90; 2S + J + 20 = 90; 2S + J =70

we could solve for S here to get S = 35- J/2 , and plug back in, but that seems like way to much math for the GMAT, so i'm inclined to believe I am not on the right path, and given the 2 variables in the equation that this statement alone is insufficient.

Statement 2 tells us:
J =30, so Y+S+30=90,
or Y+S= 60
but this alone is insufficient to determine whether both Y and S are 30, making the median = avg, or if Y = 24 and S =36

Together:

we know that 2S + J = 70 and J=30, so 2S + 30 = 70.
2S= 40 and S=20

per statement 1,
we know S+20 = Y, and therefore Y = 40, which is not equal to the average of 30. --> together the statements are sufficient.
Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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1) Alone insufficient: While we know, that the difference is 20 between these two, it could range between 0 - 20 to 35 - 55
these are open to Interpretation regarding the thord score.

2) Alone insufficient: While we know, that 30 could be the median and is the average, we dont know, how the other two behave.

together sufficient, as we now know, that 30 is one if the scores and the other two are related x and x-20.
therefore: 30+2x-20=90 / 2x = 80; x = 40
therefore, we have 20, 30 and 40 as scores and are able to verify the median.

answer is C)
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From Main stmt we know total = 90 so Mean = 90/3 = 30.
Now S1 -
(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
let Stephen = s ; then Yuki = s+20 but still we dont know Jacob score.

all we know in in 3 number s and s+20 can be arranged but Jacob score will decide if s is median or s+20 is median or J score i medium if it lies b/w s and s+20.

Not Sufficient


(2) Jacob's score was 30.

Now we know Jaco score 30 so we are only left with 60 in total to be distributed for S and Y.
If we visualize Median where we write number ascending order we can now see that 60 = S +Y and in this sum one has to be greater than 30 and one less or both equal to 30.

Anyway 30 will lie in middle and hence Median is 30 -- Sufficient
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Topic(s)- Statistics
Strategy- Testing Numbers
Variable(s)- Jacob = "J"; Yuki = "Y"; Stephen = "S"

0. Pre-Work
Average = (Sum)/(# of #s) = (90)/(3) = 30
Rephrase the Question: Is J, Y, or S = 30?

(1) Y = S + 20
i. If Y = 20, S = 40
J = Sum - (Y + J) = (90) - (20+40) = 30 [TRUE]
ii. If Y = 21, S = 41
J = (90) - (21 + 41) = 28 [FALSE]
Conflicting scenarios [Eliminate A, D]

(2) J = 30
This answers the rephrased question

Answer: B
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B. (2) is sufficient by itself

A+B+C = 90
(A+B+C)/3=B? (A,B,C named in sequence)

Before statements you already know average is 30, so the question is if the median is 30.

(1)
Would fit with 20-25-45, so NOT SUFFICIENT

(2)
With one 30 score, one other score must be <=30 and the other >=30.
Knowing that, you know that 30 is the median, hence, equal to the average. SUFFICIENT
Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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Let's assume the scores are j,y & s respectively. We know that j+y+s =90, And Avg = 30 We are being asked is the Med =30??

Stmt 1 : Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
So the scores are j, s+20, s.

We know that j+2s=70.

Case I : If j=10, Then s =30 and y=50
In this case the med =30.

Case II : If j=40, Then s=15, y=35.
In this case the med=35.

Hence, stmt 1 alone is not sufficient.

Stmt 2 : Jacob's score was 30.

If j=30 then s+y=60, So it obvious that if s is less than 30 then y will be more than 30 making med as 30.

If both are equal then also med is 30.

Hence using stmt 2 we can always get the median.

Hence IMO B
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Statement (1)
Doesn't give us any information about Jacob's score and therefore there are multiple possibilities. So A & D are out.

Statement (2)
If total is 90 and Jacob's score is 30, the other 2 scores have to be equal to or greater than 30 or equal to and less than 30. In all cases, 30 will be the median and the average. B is correct.

Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

Average score is 90/3= 30, Median is the middle score of the 3 score and if median equal to the average score= 30

Thus median becomes 30.

Statement 1

Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.

Yuki score is 20, stephen score is 40 then jacob score is 30
Yuki score is 30, stephen score is 50 then jacob score is 20
Yuki score is 15, stephen score is 35 then jacob score is 40
So median is not 30
Both are happening median is 30 and not 30

So statement is insufficient

(2) Jacob's score was 30.

Now Jacob score is 30

So Y+S=60

if Y=25, S=35, if Y=20 S=40

In any case one will be more than 30 & other will be less than 30

So median will be 30 in all cases

So statement 2 is sufficient

Answer is B.
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Mean = sum/3 = 90/3= 30
To find, if median of the 3 scores = 30
Let Yuki's score = Y, Stephen's score = S, and Jacob's score be J


(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
Y = 20+ S

J+ Y+S = 90
J + S+ 20+S= 90
2S + J = 70

Here we could have multiple values for S, Y, and J
e.g. 5, 25, 60
or 10, 30, 50
or 15, 35, 40

So the median may or may not be 30. Statement 1 is not sufficient


(2) Jacob's score was 30.


If J = 30, then Y+S must be 90-30= 60
We can observe here, that to maintain Y+S=60
> If Y<30, S must be >30
> If Y>30, S must be <30
> If Y =30, then S=30 as well

In all three cases, the middle or median value will be J's score, which is 30.
So, the median is 30 in any case here.
Statement 2 is sufficient


Answer is B
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Let the 3 scores be \(j,y,s\)

\(j+y+s=90\)


Average Score \(=\frac{90}{3}=30\)

is \(Avg=Median=30?\)

Statement 1: Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.

\(y=s+20\)

\(j\) is not known

Not Sufficient

Statement 2: Jacob's score was 30.


\(j=30\)

Since, one of the scores is equal to average score, the sum of other two scores will be 60. Those two can be either \(30,30\) or \(29,31\) and so on. Whatever the case is the median score will be 30.

Statement 2 alone is sufficient

Answer: B
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So we know that sum is 90, and need to find whether mean is equal to median, That is only possible when the middle value is 30 in our case.
From 1 we cant determine what was the middle value as we can take 20 30 and 40 as score of stephen, jacob and yuki but there are other possiblities also like 25 45 and 20.
But from 2nd it is mentioned that Jacob score is 30. Now whatever score you take of other 2, Jacob will always be in the middle. Therefore 2nd statement is sufficient.
Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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from question we know, j+s+y=90
hence mean = 30
is mean = median?

statement 1: y = 20 + s
so, j +2s = 70

we cannot find median from this statement alone

statement 2: j=20
we cannot find median from this statement alone

on combining we get all the values, hence the median.

so both statements are required to find the answer
C
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Given,
1. Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test.
2. Total of their scores on the test = 90,
J + Y + S = 90
To find?
If Average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?
Whether Average mean of the score = 90/3 = 30 = Median of the scores



Statement 1
Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
From this data, there is no way to find the range of Yuki, third person’s score.
So, no way to know the range or value of median to find its relationship with mean.
Not sufficient.

Statement 2
Jacob's score was 30.
J + Y + S = 90
Y + S = 90 – 30
Y + S = 60
There are three possibilities,
(1) Y = S = 30
Then, median will be 30

(2) Y > S
In that case, Y > 30 & S < 30
The, median will be 30

(3) Y < S
In that case, Y < 30 & S > 30
The, median will be 30

So, we can answer from the information provided in statement 2 that Average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores.
Sufficient
Ans: B


Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


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The average of the three scores is always 90/3=30.

Statement (1): Not sufficient
Since Y = S + 20 and J = 70 - 2S, S can vary freely, making the median sometimes equal to 30 and sometimes not. Thus, Statement (1) alone is not sufficient.

Statement (2): Sufficient
With J = 30, the scores are 30, Y, S and Y + S = 60, so the median is always 30 regardless of Y and S. Thus, Statement (2) alone is sufficient.

Answer: (B) Statement 2 alone is sufficient.
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Was the average = the median?

Total scores = Y + J + S = 90

(1) only: Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
We don't know the answer

(2) Jacob's score was 30.
Testing different numbers, we'll see that median is always 30. So answer = yes.

Answer: B
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Bunuel
Jacob, Yuki, and Stephen each took the same science test. If the total of their scores on the test was 90, was the average (arithmetic mean) of the 3 scores equal to the median of the 3 scores?

(1) Yuki's score was 20 greater than Stephen’s score.
(2) Jacob's score was 30.


 


This question was provided by Experts' Global
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