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GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und

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GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 08:00
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The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was



 


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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 08:00
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Bunuel wrote:
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was



 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

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GMAT CLUB Official Explanation:


A. Correct. The basic structure of the sentence is as follows:

“The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles and was on the verge of collapse.”

Main subject: The bridge

Main verbs: “oscillated” and “was”, connected by the conjunction “and”.

An absolute phrase “the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy” is inserted to explain why the bridge oscillated vigorously.

B. In this construction there are two modifiers “unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms” and “on the verge of collapse”, referring to the noun “ the bridge”. However the modifiers are placed far away from the noun they refer to. Moreover one of the modifiers is an adjective (“unable…”) and the other a preposition phrase (“on the verge…”), which are not parallel.

Moreover an implication that might be questionable is as follows: the bridge itself does not damp down its vibrational energy, the load bearing mechanisms do. Hence the load bearing mechanisms are unable to damp down - it is questionable to say that the bridge is unable to damp down.

C. Two independent clauses, “The bridge oscillated vigorously…” and “ the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable… and were on the verge….” are wrongly connected by a comma. Two independent clauses must be separated by a conjunction instead.

Moreover an implication that might be questionable is as follows: the original sentence implies that the bridge is on the verge of collapse, whereas this sentence implies that the load bearing mechanisms were on the verge of collapse. Although this meaning is valid, it modifies the original meaning. (Nonetheless it would not be alright to eliminate this option only on the basis of the changed meaning.)

D. Two independent clauses, “The bridge oscillated vigorously…” and “ it was unable… and was on the verge….” are wrongly connected by a comma. Two independent clauses must be separated by a conjunction instead.

Moreover an implication that might be questionable is as follows: the bridge itself does not damp down its vibrational energy, the load bearing mechanisms do. Hence the load bearing mechanisms are unable to damp down - it is questionable to say that the bridge is unable to damp down.

E. A conjunction is required to join the verbs “oscillated” and “was”.

An absolute phrase does not have a verb - inserting the verb “were” converts the absolute phrase into a clause, making the construction faulty.
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 08:10
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A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was---correct. parallelism is maintained and sub-verb agreement is correct

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and-verb is missing after and .OUT

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were-OUT ; Bridge is singular

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was-OUT

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was and missing OUT
OA :A
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 08:18
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Correct answer : Choice A

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was - Correct

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and - Wrong : The last part of the sentence is not a modifier and should be connected to the main clause from a meaning point of view

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were - Wrong : Cant connect two independent clauses with a comma

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was - Wrong : Cant connect two independent clauses with a comma

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was - Wrong : Cant connect two independent clauses with a comma
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 08:25
Quote:
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was


I don't like this sentence structure, but anyway. Let's start by eliminating other options.

Option B makes the 'faulty bearing' part and the 'verge of collapse' part seem like a modifier which is misplaced as it seems to modify vehicles, when it should be modifying the bridge. Hence, incorrect.

Option C and Option D start a new clause without any semi-colon or FANBOYS word. Hence, incorrect.

In option E, there's no subject for the verb 'was'. If we consider the subject to be bridge (as it should be), it needs an 'and' to establish a parallelism between 'oscillated' and 'was'.

Hence, option A is our best bet.
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 09:05
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles,
the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy,
and was on the verge of collapse.

Quote:
A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

There is no proper verb in the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy
Incorrect

Quote:
B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

The bridge ... and on the verge of collapse is not complete since it does not have a verb.
Incorrect

Quote:
C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

The bride ....were on the verge of collapse is incorrect since the bridge is singular but were is plural
Incorrect

Quote:
D.it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was on the verge of collapse.
Is a concise and correct sentence.
Correct

Quote:
E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was

and is missing before was.
Incorrect

IMO D
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 09:20
IMO B


A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was - it should be ....mechanisms were

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and -- meaning is clear

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were -- not the faulty load bearing mechanism but the bridge was on the verge of collapse

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was - comma splice

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was-- faulty load... was not unable to damp down their energy but the bridge's.
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 09:21
It's refer to bridge
A wrong due to no helping verb also use of and wrong
B,D- wrong due to by the mechanism
C-and were wrong for bridge
E ans
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 09:27
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Answer is A
A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was correct

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and unclear

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were mechanisms were under verge of collapse ?

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was wrong structure

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was sentence structure issue
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 09:29
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Option B & D can be eliminated D has pronoun error ''it"

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were were is wrong for Singular subject The bridge

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was we need and to connect , was


A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

OPTION A is correct

Bunuel wrote:
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was



 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 09:58
Bunuel wrote:
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was



 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

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Thank you sayantanc2k for the question!!!


Focus on the meaning of the Sentence.

A. the faulty load-bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was: This statement says that the faulty load-bearing mechanisms are not able to damp down the vibrational energy created by the bearing mechanisms themselves. It alters the meaning. Reject

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and : Refer to above reasoning & also it is not parallel (...and.....). Reject

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were: Refer to above reasoning & also it is not parallel (...and.....). Reject

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was: The sentence is parallel and clearly define the subject by using it. Correct option

E the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was: Refer to option A & B reasoning. Reject

Hence D is the correct option.
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 10:52
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

Slightly doubtful about this one, however I find this choice to be the best of all. The options with 'were' in the last sentence is wrong because we want to say 'the bridge was on the verge of collapse' not the bearings. Analyzing this from the lens of parallelism - 'The bridge oscillated, unable to damp down its vibrational energy and on the verge of collapse' The subject and verb are in agreement, meaning is clear.

Moderators and experts please review :)
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 11:15
IMO Answer A

B. unclear pronouns reference/subject (its,...)
C. Seems like a run-on sentence
D. unclear pronouns reference/subject (it, its,...)
E. The end after comma is weird.

So A

Posted from my mobile device
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 11:29
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was: Incorrect
the load bearing mechanisms don't have any vibrational energy and neither can be on the verge of collapse( it should be bridge)- meaning error.

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and: Incorrect
On verge of collapse is missing an adequate verb hence is not connected to the sentence.

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were : Incorrect
Same reason as in A

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was- Correct
It and its grammatically and logically refer to bridge.

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was- Incorrect
Same reason as A
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 12:34
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Bunuel wrote:
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was

 


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ANSWER A


A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was - CORRECT

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and - need a helping verb "was" after the word "and"

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were - Incorrect S-V agreement. "Bridge was on the verge of collapse" not "the bridge were on the verge of collapse"

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was - the use of "it" is incorrect

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was - 2 independent clauses cannot be separated by a comma
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 19:33
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was -Fragments & || error

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and Correct

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were Run on sentence

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was Run on sentence

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was Fragments
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 20:40
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Bunuel wrote:
The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was



 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club World Cup Competition

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Thank you sayantanc2k for the question!!!



A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was
CORRECT. The statement as is is correct. It correctly uses an absolute phrase "he faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy" to modify the entire preceding clause. There is no SVA errors in the sentence, and modifiers are placed correctly.

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and
INCORRECT. This sentence seems to be convey the non sensical meaning that the bridge itself was unable to damp down its vibrational energy. Use of passive voice is awkward.

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were
INCORRECT. Use of were in "the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy" is incorrect. This has to be a modifier modifying the preceding clause: "The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles". Also use of 'were' leads to a glaring SVA error.

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was
INCORRECT. Same issue as in B. Also, two clauses are incorrectly joined by a comma

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was
INCORRECT. If this were to be a list of clause there had to be a need of and an subject in the 3rd element of the list. This is not parallel.
Also the sentence connects two independent clauses with comma.
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 21:04
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The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was
This is the correct option. the faulty load bearing mechanism phrase is modifying the preceding clause.The second phrase is connected by and
B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and
This is incorrect.modifier is incorrect and also ,and verb is missing at the snd
C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were
This is incorrect. subject verb agreement issue as were is used.Also the faulty load bearning mechanism is an inpendent clause in this case which needs one of the FANBOYS conjunctions
D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was
This is incorrect.2 independent clauses FANBOYS conjunction missing
E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was
, was at the end is incorrect.
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 21:26
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The sentence is saying that the bridge oscillated vigorously and is on the verge of the collapse. Its faulty bearing mechanism is unable to damp down the vibration energy of oncoming vehicles.

A: Looks without an obvious error

B: and should be followed by was as it is an independent clause. Without was it sounds like "The bridge oscillated... and on the verge of the collapse." - Incorrect

C: The sentence "faulty load bearing mechanism...' should act as a modifier, as this sentence is connected with the first clause only by a comma, (not semicolon or coordinating conjunctions). Including were in the sentence makes it an independent clause - Incorrect

D: Same as C. Plus "it was" is referring to the bridge, although the load bearing mechanism was unable to damp down the energy.

E: Same as C. Third clause is also connected without any proper connection.
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2022, 21:52
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The bridge oscillated vigorously under the fluctuating load of the oncoming vehicles, the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was on the verge of collapse.

A. the faulty load bearing mechanisms unable to damp down its vibrational energy, and was - Correct, the bridge oscillated and was on the verge of collapse

B. unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and - fragment (run on sentence)

C. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy and were

D. it was unable to damp down its vibrational energy by the faulty load bearing mechanisms and was

E. the faulty load bearing mechanisms were unable to damp down its vibrational energy, was
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Re: GMAT Club World Cup 2022 (DAY 7): The bridge oscillated vigorously und [#permalink]
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