We are given that,
Cockpit Crew is made up of 1 pilot and 2 co-pilots
There are 4 pilots and 6 co-pilots available
Hugo can only fly if both the co pilots with him have > 500 hrs of experience. There are 3 such pilots from the 6 pilots available.
Column 1: Probability of Hugo being the pilot
Hugo can only be the pilot if we choose both such co pilots who have an experience > 500 hours
Thus, we have to choose 2 out 3 available pilots 3C2 = 3
The only other possibility is that Hugo is not the pilot. That happens when one of the 3 other pilots are chose. Any 2 copiilots can be chosen as the other pilots have no constraint on who can be their co-pilots.
Thus, ways of choosing 1 pilot from 3 available pilots = 3C1 = 3
ways of choosing 2 co-pilots from 6 available co-pilots = 6C2 = 15
Thus, total combinations where Hugo is not the pilot = 3*15 = 45
Overall total number of combinations = combinations where Hugo is pilot (3) + Comibinations where he is not the pilot (45) = 48
Thus P (Hugo is pilot) = 3/48 = 1/16
Column 2: Exactly one of the two co pilots has experience > 500 hrs.
Since we only have to choose 2 co-pilots, one will have experience > 500 hrs and the other will not. We have 3 available in each category
Thus,
Ways of choosing a co pilot who has experience greater > 500 hrs = 3C1 = 3 and the same for the co pilot experience < 500 hrs = 3C1 = 3
Thus, total combinations of co pilots = 3*3 = 9
We will also have 3 pilots who can fly with these combinations of co pilots (Hugo cannot, since both are not experience > 500).
Thus, total number of combinations with 1 pilot and 2 co pilots, such that exactly one co pilot has experience > 500 hrs = 3*9 = 27
Hence, Probability = 27/48 = 9/16